Pancreatic abscess(PA)is the most serious complication of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),which can lead to systemic and/ or local complications,and even death. PA cannot be resolved automatically after the formation. Once diagnosed,early drainage,anti-infection and nutrition support should be undertaken,the most important is early drainage. In the past,the treatment of PA was mainly based on surgical treatment. With the development of minimally invasive techniques,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)guided drainage and percutaneous catheter drainage(PCD)offer a new way for the treatment of PA. Preventing and early diagnosis of PA become a challenge in the treatment of SAP. This article reviewed the progress in diagnosis and treatment of SAP complicated with PA.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the features and application of tissue engineered biomaterials in repairing femur defects, and to search an optimal femur substitution.METHODS: Papers published between January 1993 and October 2009 were searched using computer with key words of "tissue engineering, femur defect, mesenchymal stem cells, cytokines and materials" both in English and Chinese. Documents addressing biomaterials and tissue engineered bone in repairing femur defects were included. Repetitive research or Meta analysis was excluded. After that, 21 literatures were selected to discuss the features and application of tissue engineered biomaterials in repairing femur defects.RESULTS: Stem cells technology is obtaining seed cells from myeloid tissues, amplifying in vitro, combining with scaffold material, and in vitro constructing tissue engineered bones. The cultured cells could maintain osteoblast biological characteristics and fully fused with bone tissues at recipient sites, simultaneously, avoid immunological rejection. The combination of materials or modify the material surface could promote cells adhere to materials and increase the cellular biological activity. When transfecting seed cells to bone defect areas using certain carriers, the transplanted calls could form new bones and secret bone growth factor, induce determined osteogenic precursor cells differentiated into inducible ostegenic precursor cells, thereby, fasten the bone healing. The composite materials prepared by three-dimensional virtual surgical simulation and computer numerical control exhibited advantages of composite materials and histological anatomy conjunction, which had perfect appearance.CONCLUSION: Currently, there is no material can fully meet the requirement of bone tissue engineering. Thus, promoting adhesion between cells and materials, increasing cellular biological activity, and maintaining biological functions by combing materials or modifying material surface are the research focuses.

Patients with ataxia-telangiectasia ( A-T) syndrome were charachaterized by profound hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation in clinic. Many studies have shown that this hypersensitivity possibly attributed to ATM gene whose critical compartment was ATM kinase. So inhibitors of the ATM kinase such as caffeine, pentoxifylline, methyl xanthines and 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) were developed and have achieved a few encouraging results in basic and clinical stuides.

Occult breast cancer is a rare disease with the primary symptom of enlarged ipsilateral axillary lymph node. At present,it is still difficult to diagnose occult breast cancer. The diagnosis is based on the core needle biopsy and following immunohistochemical staining for the enlarged lymph nodes. If the results support,the diagnosis can be confirmed after the exclusion of other primary tumors. The standard treatment of occult breast cancer is still the mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an independent factor affecting the prognosis,which is also recommended before the oper-ation. Chemotherapy,radiotherapy and endocrine therapy could be chosen based on immunohistochemical results after surgical treatment. The prognosis of occult breast cancer is similar to the other types of breast cancer at the same staging.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; Child, Preschool ; Face ; abnormalities ; Hematologic Diseases ; Humans ; Male ; Vestibular Diseases

Humans ; Otitis Media

In this experiment, we studied the effects of rhIL-3, rhlFN-r and DMSO on the growth and differentiation of the human leukemia cell line HL-60. The results showed that three agents were capable of suppressing the proliferation of the HL-60 cells and inducing terminal differentiation of the cells, with the exception of early augmentation of the cell growth by the rhIL-3. The differentiation effect was most obvious in DMSO treated cells, then in rhIL-3 and least in rhIFN-r The enhanced effects occurred when the HL-60 cells were treated in combination with DMSO and rhIL-3 or rhIFN-r

In this study, several physiological factors were studied for their effects on the growth and differentiation of U937 cells in vitro .The results showed that (1)rhTNF-?,PHA-LCM and c-RA exerted a dose and time-dependent suppression of proliferation of U937 cells; (2) the synergistic effect oc-cured when rhTNF-? was combined with c-RA in the cell culture; and (3)rhIL-1-? augmented the differentiation of U937 cells induced by c-RA though it had no effect on the cell line by itself. According to the [3H]-TdR incorporation, it can be concluded that the reduction of DNA synthesis of U917 cells by rhTNF-? ,PHA-LCM,and c-RA is attributed to the inhibition of the growth. The results might have clinical significance in the induction of differentiation of leukemia cells.

Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; prevention & control ; Larynx ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; prevention & control ; Pharynx ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; prevention & control

Due to its effectiveness and specificity,RNA interference (RNAi) technology is widely used in the treatment of tumor,viral infectious and metabolic diseases.Noninvasively tracing the delivery of therapeutic RNA molecules in vivo and evaluating the therapeutic effects are important to promote the clinical application of RNAi technology.Molecular imaging allows noninvasive visualization of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level in vivo.It can be used to monitor the biodistribution of therapeutic RNA molecules and to assess the effects of the RNAi.This article reviews the advance of molecular imaging in monitoring the delivery of RNAi molecules and evaluating the therapeutic effects of RNAi.