Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a strong self-renewal capacity and multi-differentiation potential,which make them become ideal seed cells of tissue repair and target cells of gene therapy.However,the labeling and tracing method of MSCs transplanted in vivo is the hot spot and difficult problem of the current research.At present,the commonly used tracer methods of MSCs include fluorescence dye labeling,molecular marker,imaging marker technology.This paper summarized the advantages and disadvantages of these tracer methods.

Objective To investigate whether functional Wnt-?-catenin signaling is present in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC),and the effect of blocking this signaling on activation of HSC. Methods?-catenin expression in HSC was examined by immunocytochemistry.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were assessed using a T cell factor (TCF)-dependent luciferase reporter gene (pTOP- FLASH) assay.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were blocked by transfecting with a dominant negative TCF (dnTCF) expression plasmid,then the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (?-SMA) and collagen typeⅠwere examined by Western blot.Results?-catenin staining was positive in the nuclei of HSC-T6.Luciferase activity in the cells transfected with pTOPFLASH was significantly higher than that in the cells transfected with pFOPFLASH (P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. METHODS: Cells of the rat hepatocyte line BRL were cultured. The hepatocytes were treated with LPS, ERS inducer thapsigargin (TG), and ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), respectively or in their different combination. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The cyto-nuclear morphological changes of apoptosis cells were detected by the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33258. The apoptosis rate was assessed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining. Expressions of GRP78 as ERS marker protein, CHOP, caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-3 as ERS related protein were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: LPS could cause a decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis rate in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of GRP78, CHOP, caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins were significantly increased with LPS treatment. TG led to a marked decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis rate, which aggravated the hepatocyte injury induced by LPS; whereas 4-PBA alleviated LPS-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION ERS mediates LPS-induced hepatocyte injuries, indicating that ERS may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced hepatocyte injuries.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Survival ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Hepatocytes ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Phenylbutyrates ; Rats

Emerging data indicated that HCV subverts the antiviral activity of interferon (IF); however,whether HCV core protein contributes to the process remains controversial. In the present study, we examined the effect of HCV core protein on interferon-induced antiviral gene expression and whether the effect is involved in the activation and negative regulation of the Jak/STAT signaling pathway. Our results showed that, following treatment with IFN-α, the transcription of PKR, MxA and 2'-5'OAS were down-regulated in HepG2 cells expressing the core protein. In the presence of HCV core protein,ISRE-dependent luciferase activity also decreased. Further study indicated that the core protein could inhibit the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1, whereas the level of STAT1 expression was unchanged.Accordingly, SOCS3, the negative regulator of the Jak/STAT pathway, was induced by HCV core protein. These results suggests that HCV core protein may interfere with the expression of some interferon-induced antiviral genes by inhibiting STAT1 phosphorylation and induction of SOCS3.

The study is to explore the effect of total glucosides of paeony (TGP)on Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathway expression in kidney of diabetic rats, and discuss the protection of TGP in diabetic nephropathy and possible mechanism. Ninety male SD rats of 8 weeks age were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 10) and model group (n = 80). Rats of the normal control group were fed with regular diet, while rats of the model group were fed with high-fat high-sugar diet and 4 weeks later were given an intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg x kg(-1) streptozotocin (STZ). The successfully induced type 2 diabetic rat models were then randomly divided into DM group, three TGP (50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) treatment group and tripterygium wilfordii glycosides (8 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) control group. Rats of DM group and each treatment group were given high-fat high-sugar diet. At week 14, the levels of blood sugar, 24 hour urine protein, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were tested. The rats were then sacrificed. Renal pathological changes were examined. Renal tissue Wnt-1 and β-catenin expressions were detected by immunohistochemical assay. Wnt-1 mRNA and β-catenin mRNA expression was semi-quantified by RT-PCR. Wnt-1 protein and β-catenin protein expression was semi-quantified by Western blot. The Result show that Wnt-1 and β-catenin expression increased in kidney of high-fat high-sugar induced type 2 diabetic rats. Compared with diabetic group, the level of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24 h urine protein, mean glomerular area and mean glomerular volume were decreased, renal histopathology were improved, expression of Wnt-1 and β-catenin mRNA and protein was reduced in TGP group. Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides had the similar effect. In conclusion, these results showed that Wnt/β-catenin abnormal activation in kidney of type 2 diabetic rats, TGP can improve kidney damage in diabetic rats and delay the development of diabetic nephropathy by inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; drug effects ; Wnt1 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

AlM:To investigate the factors and solutions of Tibetan Plateau excimer laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK ) for myopia overcorrection.METHODS: The relevant information, 32 cases ( 58 eyes) in 126 cases (252 eyes) had obvious overcorrection after LASlK were analyzed.RESULTS: Two months after surgery, 32 cases ( 58 eyes) overcorrection (23. 0%), uncorrected visual acuity of 0. 5 ~0. 8, overcorrection range of +1. 50 ~ +2. 25DS, subjective inserts were ≥ 1. 0; Five case ( 7 eyes ) overcorrection 6mo after surgery (2. 8%), uncorrected visual acuity 0. 8~1. 0-2 , overcorrection range is +0. 75 ~+1. 25DS, subjective inserts were≥1. 0. Corneal thickness of overcorrection was 500~563μm, preoperative refraction was -5. 00 ~ -7. 50D, astigmatism -1. 50 ~ -2. 75DC, preoperative best corrected visual acuity ≥1. 0.CONCLUSlON: Overcorrection and long recovery time after LASlK in Tibet, possibly with local factors altitude, temperature, humidity, surgical parameters and situation.

Chondroitin sulfate is an important component of extracellular matrix (ECM) in animal and human body. In recent years, chondroitin sulfate has been proven to have potential efficacy in biomedical application and has been widely used in bone regeneration and osteogenesis, especially in craniofacial reconstruction and dental medicine. Research shows that chondroitin sulfate derivatives and chondroitin sulfate composite scaffolds have great potential in promoting osteogenesis and biomineralization. However, due to the variety of chondroitin sulfate and various application forms, study on its mechanism of osteogenic repair is still insufficient. In this paper, biological characteristics, bone regeneration and osteogenesis of chondroitin sulfate, its application in different biomaterial design and future prospect are discussed.

OBJECTIVETo search for an effective method for treatment of obstinate hiccup.

METHODSNinety cases of obstinate hiccup secondary to cerebral diseases were randomly divided into 3 groups, 30 cases in each group. Group A were treated by injection of compound chlorpromazine into Yintang (Ex-HN 3), group B by intramuscular injection of compound chlorpromazine and group C by acupuncture at Yintang (Ex-HN 3). Their therapeutic effects were compared.

RESULTSThe effective rate was 93.3% in the group A, 10.0% in the group B and 30.0% in the group C, the group A being better than the group B and the group C (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONInjection of compound chlorpromazine into Yintang (Ex-HN 3) has a significant therapeutic effect on obstinate hiccup.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ear, Middle ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Mastoid ; diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult