Objective To explore college students'achievement motivation level at basic medical education stage and its influencing factors.Method Achievement motivation scale and open questionnaire were applied in 223 college students at basic medical education stage.The effect of multiple influential factors on achievement motivation was analyzed from the perspectives of pursing for success and avoiding errors by multiple linear regression.Results The results showed that 70.4％ students had low achievement motivation level.Multiple factors had linear regression relation with Ms and Mf(RMs=0.644,RMf=0.898).Academic self assessment and learning attitude can increase the motivation for success significantly(P＜0.001).Performance evaluation and learning objective can significantly increase the motivation for avoiding errors(P＜0.001).Conclusion The study and application of achievement motivation can improve education quality at basic medical education stage.

Objective: To investigate the probable mechanism of FSEER (ethanol extract of Forsythia suspensa root)-induced apoptosis of esophageal cancer TE-13 cells in vitro . Methods: Change of mitochondrial membrane potential in TE-13 celsl after treatment with different concentrations of FSEER (0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 mg/mL) for 24 h was examined by FCM (flow cytometry). The expressions of apoptosisassociated proteins [cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, cleaved caspase-9 and Cyt-C (cytochrome-C)] in esophageal cancer cells after FSEER treatment were detected by Western blotting. The expression levels of Bax, Bad, Noxa, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 mRNAs in TE-13 cells after treatment with different concentrations of FSEER for 24 h were detected by RT (reverse transcription)-PCR. Results: FSEER (0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 mg/mL for 24 h) can significantly reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential of TE-13 cells in a dose-dependent manner, as compared with the TE-13 cells without any treatment (P < 0.05). The result of Western blotting showed that the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9 and Cyt-C in TE-13 cells after FSEER treatment were significantly increased but the expression level of caspase-8 had no change as compared with those of the TE-13 cells without any treatment (P < 0.05). RT-PCR showed that FSEER could up-regulate the expression levels of Bax, Bad and Noxa mRNAs and down-regulate the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 mRNAs. Conclusion: The underlying mechanism of FSEER-induced apoptosis of TE-13 cells may be related to the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Alzheimer's disease( AD) , a neurodegenerative disease, can result in memory loss, cognitive and behavioral deficits. The pathological hallmarkes are β amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles which lead loss of neurons in brain. As the extension of the central nervous system, retina has a similar tissue anatomy with central nervous system. The β amyloid plaques have also been detected in retina of AD. Furthermore, according to eye examinations of AD patients, we have found the loss of retinal ganglion cells, the attenuation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, the smaller changes of macula lutea, the decline of vascular density and so on. And then, there occurs the visual field loss and the decline of contrast sensitivity and so on in AD patients. Thus, the retina has occurred nerve degenerative changes in AD. Meanwhile, there has been proved that the retina nerve degeneration is even earlier than senile plaques formation in brain. In addition, curcumin, a natural and safe fluorescent dye, can be used to label β amyloid plaques in retina. The above suggests that retina can be a window for the early diagnosis of AD.

AIM:To set up the quality standard for Fuyang Jiedu Granules(Radix Sutellariae,Herba Scute-(llariae) Barbatae,Herba Epimedii,etc.). METHODS: Radix Scutellariae,Herba Scutellariae Barbatae and Herba Epimedii in preparation were identified by TLC.The content of baicalin was determined by HPLC on Agilent Eclipse XBD-C_(18) column. The mobile phase was methanol-phosphoric-water(47∶53∶0.2).The detection wavelength was at 280 nm. A Shim-pack VP-ODS column was used to determine icariin.The mobile phase consisted of 0.32% phosphoric acid-acetonitrile(75∶25).The detection wavelength was 270 nm. RESULTS: The spot on the thin layer plate was clear.The negative contral was not disturbed.The linear range of baicalin was in the range 0.122 12 ?g to 0.606 ?g.The average recovery was 99.59% with RSD of 2.16%.The linearity range of icariin was in the range 0.201 6 ?g-1.008 ?g.The average recovery was 99.49% with RSD of 1.31%.(CONCLUSION:) The methods are specific,simple,fast and accurate,and can be used for quality control of Fuyang Jiedu Granules.

Based on a study of children’s behavior and psychological characteristics,the article introduced Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to discuss children’s special needs for medical environment.Hence the authors proposed to meet children’s physiological needs,security needs,social needs,esteem needs,and self-realization needs.Shanghai Children’s Hospital was cited as an example,to present the humanistic expression practices in designing children’s medical environment.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Eczema ; psychology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep ; Treatment Outcome

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Raynaud Disease ; therapy

Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; surgery ; Cryoultramicrotomy ; Cytodiagnosis ; methods ; Female ; Histocytological Preparation Techniques ; methods ; Humans ; Intraoperative Care ; methods ; Precancerous Conditions ; pathology ; surgery

Female ; Humans ; Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic ; pathology ; Infant, Newborn

Aim To establish a resistant human osteosarcoma cell line(Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4)from the Saos-2 cell line and study its resistant mechanisms.Methods Saos-2 cells were pulse exposed in gradually increased dose of ADM culturemedium.The sensitivity of the resistance drug from the Saos-2、Saos-2/ADM1 and Saos-2/ADM4 cell lines to ADM、DDP、EPI、MTX、THP and PTX was measured by MTT assay.The morphology and ultramicro structure of the cell lines were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy.The expression level of MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA and their proteins P-gp、MRP was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.Results Resistance cell lines were established after 167 days.The resistance index to methotrexate of the Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cell lines to ADM was 49.8 and 74.6 times than that of Saos-2 respectively.The two cell lines had resistance to MTX、IFO、EPI、THP and PTX(P0.05).Disordered structure of the Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cells was observed through microscopy.The cells appeared in coenocytic.The decrease of cell villus and the increase of nucleoli were observed through transmission electronic microscopy.The proliferation ability of Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cells decreased significantly.MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA、P-gp and MRP showed positive staining in resistance cell lines.Conclusion The genes of MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA and their corresponding proteins participated in the formation of multidrug resistance in resistant adriamycin cell line.These newly-described resistant osteosarcoma cell lines were useful models for further characterization of drug resistance in osteosarcoma and for the development of treatment protocol.