Aimed at problems in current audio-visual-oral English teaching for medical students,such as the inconsistency between teaching materials and training objectives,the lack of flexibility and effectiveness in teaching methods and inadequacy of comprehensiveness and objectiveness in assessment methods,the paper analyses and explores audio-visual-oral medical English teaching in three aspects,namely teaching curriculum-setting up topic for each unit based on the contents of medical courses and designing various teaching tasks according to three-step procedure of extensive listening-intensive listening-derivative discussion,teaching methods-adopting pictorial method in teaching medical English vocabulary,macro-micro listening method and interpretation for imitation method,and assessment methods-applying a combination of formative assessment and summative assessment.

This paper presents a preparation method and quality control standards of Hungqiduotang Granules. Meanwhile, the experiment result of primary studys on its preparation stability shows that the process and prescription is simple and reasonale, and the stability of granules is good.

Object To optimize the best technical parameters through controlling the different factors. Methods Taking spherical degree and pill weight as index, the above factors were observed by orthogonal test. Results PEG4000 as matrix, methyl silicon oil as refrigerant. Internal and external diameter of burette are 4 1 mm and 6 1 mm, dropping into the refrigerant that composed of 40 ℃—50 ℃,10 ℃—30 ℃,0 ℃—4 ℃ by 20 ℃—30 ℃ droppings per minute. Conclusion The highest finished product with good quality can be got through this process.

The content, range, mode and method of medical equipment management were explained by associating hospi- tal actuality. The value of scientific management can be directed and improved economic benefit and social effect too, which are an important construction of hospital efficiency.

There has been great progress in seizure control with the development of antiepileptic drugs,but 30％ of epileptic children are refractory to antiepileptic drugs.In order to control intractable epilepsy and improve neurodevelopment prognosis,the non-drug therapy such as surgery,vagus nerve stimulation and ketogenic diet (KD) can be taken.Despite its indisputable effectiveness,the functioning of the KD has not been explained.Now the antiepileptic mechanism and neuroprotective mechanisms are studied mainly.It is reported that KD is effective in variety of refractory epilepsy,and recent studies have shown that KD promising in the treatment of children with autism.Although KD is effective,it is worth further study that including its mechanism,recipe,clinical application,and so on.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Point Mutation ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; pharmacology

[Objective] To discuss the reasonable treatment and skil of gal bladder calculus.[Method] Select 81 cases of such patients, take their clinical data as examples for analysis foundation;and choose relative documents for evidence of theoretic analysis.[Result] 77 cases were successively operated of laparo-scope, 3 transferred for laparotomy owing to difficult anatomy of Colot triangle, 1 made probe of choledoch because of choledocholithiasis;compared with documents results, the incision length, bleeding, operaiotn time, in-hospital time and complications of laparoscope operation, transferred laparotomy in the study were similar to relative documentary reports, the differences had no statistical meaning;the intranperative bleeding, operation period, in-hopital time, complications were better than documents, the differences had statistical meaning. [Conclusion] The correct pre-operation evaluation of disease condition, operation chance and methods selection, 3 operation points were the key of successful operaiton.

Objective To investigate the effects of leptin on the oxidative damage in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.Methods Human RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured in vitro,and randomly divided into control group and insulin resistance group.RPE cells were treated with 0,10,100 ng/mL leptin for 24,48,72 hours respectively.Then the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression in RPE cells were detected by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA),and the levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) expression in RPE cells were observed by immunocytochemistry (ICC),and the levels of human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) expression in lysate were measured by Western blot.Results After 24,48,72 hours,the level of ROS (Control group:F=37.136,37.178,49.634; P＜0.05.Insulin resistance group:F=9.822,28.881,71.150;P＜0.05),8-OHdG (Control group:F =88.643,390.920,1039.276; P ＜ 0.05.Insulin resistance group:F =273.311,299.155,82.237;P＜0.05) and hOGGl (Control group:F=470.062,1073.113,295.456;P＜0.05.Insulin resistance group:F =240.032,592.389,527.760 ; P＜0.05) expression increased significantly with the increase of leptin concentration in control group and insulin resistance group.Under the same leptin concentration,the level of 8-OHdG has a trend that it was higher in the insulin resistance group than the control group.After 24 hours,the difference of hOGGl expression between control group and insulin resistance group was not significant (F=23.392,P＞0.05).After 72 hours,the level of hOGGl expression was significantly higher in the insulin resistance group than the control group (F=129.394,P＜0.05).The level of hOGGl expression was significantly higher at 48 hours than that at 24 hours and 72 hours (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Leptin could induce the oxidative damage of RPE cells in normal and insulin resistance status.With the increase of leptin concentration and time extended,the degree of oxidative damage and its repair were both increased.The degree of oxidative repair increased with the increase of leptin concentration,but decreased with time extended.

Objective To explore the intervention effect of cathepsin B inhibitor (CBI) and its signaling pathways after flurothyl inducing brain injury in rats with recurrent seizures. Methods 6-day-old (P6) SD rats were randomly divided into: recurrent neonatal seizure group ( RS group, n = 30), CBI-treated seizure group ( CBI group, n=30) and the control group( CONT group). Rats in RS group were subjected to 5 seizures with flurothyl during the first 14 days of life. In CBI group,CBI was injected each day before seizures were induced. Then examined development indexes such as the physical growth, neural reflex, neural behavior and cognitive emotional competence. Western blot was employed to determine Cathepsin B expression at different time points ( 1.5h,3h,6h,24h and P35) after the last convulsion. Results The weights of rats in RS group( (27.28 ± 1.6) kg) were lighter than CONT group( ( 33.45 ± 1.57 ) kg). They had significant difference (P＜ 0.01 ) at the age of p14. The time of cliff avoidance in RS group( (2. 10 ± 1.45 ) s) was longer than CBI group( ( 1.05 ± 0. 32) s). It showed a statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05 ) in p12. In the open-field behavior test: the activities of RS group (20.00 ± 13.08 )were markedly reduced than CONT group ( 57.83 ± 33.22 ) in the horizontal movements, the RS group ( 2.50 ±2.43 ) were significantly decreased than the CONT group and CB1 group( ( 22.17 ± 10.74), (9.33 ± 5.39 ) ) in the vertical motions (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Cathepsin-B expression in RS group( 1.5h, 3h,6h and 24h )was significantly higher than that at the same time in CONT group(P＜ 0. 05 ). Cathepsin-B expression of CBI group was significantly decreased compared with that in RS group (P＜ 0. 05 ) at the time point (1.5h ,3h,6h and 24h). There were no significant differences among three groups at P35(P＞0.05 ). Conclusions CBI can improve brain injury and regulate the expression of abnormal molecules.

Humans ; Otitis Media