Objective:To study the surface enhanced Raman scattering ( SERS) of safflower and identify safflower injections by SERS quickly and effectively. Methods:Through comparative analysis of the Raman spectroscopy of safflower injections and the corre-sponding control herbs, the rapid identification of safflower injections was realized. Results:The results showed that several character-istic peaks of safflower were enhanced obviously in SERS, which could be used to identify safflower injections. Conclusion:The meth-od is reliable, rapid, accurate and specific, which can be applied as a method to identify safflower and its injections.

Animals ; Cattle ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Formula ; Milk Hypersensitivity ; Milk Proteins ; adverse effects

Recently,paclitaxel has been used as a new agent on patients with advanced esophageal cancer,and several studies have demonstrated that paclitaxel and paclitaxel-based regimens have significant activity in patients with advanced esophageal cancer and showed highly response rates than the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and cisplatin.However,there have been some problems which need to be solved such as drug-resistance,side effect,and so forth.The new medicament form of paclitaxel can not only depress poison without anti-allergy but also raise medicament curative effect as well as the pharmacal concentration.Although most of the research on the new medicament form of paclitaxel are still limited in the stage of laboratory,it has possessed potential advance in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of treating periarthritis of shoulder with manipulation through evaluating clinical reports with the theory of evidence-based medicine (EMB). METHODS: By retrieval of some main medical literature databases in the past 5 years, 242 articles on treating periarthritis of shoulder with manipulation were available. Selected by admission standard, 10 of them were evaluated with EBM theory. RESULTS: Both single-application and union-application of manipulation were effective to periarthritis of shoulder, but the evaluated articles were all low-quality articles. CONCLUSION: Because of low quality clinic test and larvaceous publication bias, the extant evidence is not enough to recommend replacing other therapeutic methods by manipulation. The low quality of evaluated articles suggests that there exist some methodology problems in the clinic test on treating periarthritis of shoulder with manipulation.

Objective Statistics and analyze the effect of comprehensive prevention measures for the ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) morbidity and mortality,and investigate its actual applicate situation in the clinical.Methods Statistics and analyze the clinical date of 183 cases of our ICU mechanical ventilation patients in 2012 (group A),including morbidity,mortality,time of endotracheal intubation,length of stay and the primary pathogenic bacteria,and to compared with the relevant clinical data of 192 cases of our ICU mechanical ventilation patients in 2011 (group B),summarize and analysis the actual applicate situation of the comprehensive prevention measures in the clinical through the data contrast.Results The incidence of VAP in group A was lower than that in group B [31.7％(58/183) vs.58.3％(112/192)] (P ＜ 0.05),but the mortality was no statistical difference in both groups (P ＞ 0.05) ; the endotracheal intubation time and the average length of stay in group A were less than those in group B [6.3 d vs.10.6 d,7.6 d vs.11.9 d](P＜0.05); the main pathogenic bacterium of VAP with mainly gram-negative bacilh.Conclusions Comprehensive prevention measures can effectively reduce the incidence of VAP,but the mortality rate has no significant effect,need further clinical research;comprehensive prevention measures to reduce patients with tube time also confirm its effectiveness.Comprehensive prevention measures are economical and practical,is worth in clinical promotion.

Objective To describe the Evidence-based Nursing Competences of nurses who have received Evidence-based Nursing training in tertiary hospitals in Shanghai and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Use the Evidence-based Nursing Competency Rating Scale made by Wang Yilei to investigate 428 nurses who have received Evidence-based Nursing training in 9 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai. Results The average score was (54.39±16.77), the 3-scoring rate was 25.1%-64.3%and the 4-scoring rate was 2.8%-23.1%which indicates the nurses had moderate-low level of EBNP competence after training project including in service training, seminar, lecture, workshop and so on, but still at a low level. Educational background and training time were the main influencing factors (P<0.05). Conclusions Nurses in tertiary hospitals in Shanghai have a moderate-low level of evidence-based nursing practice competence after education project. Comprehensive evidence-based nursing training system is expected.

Objective To build occupational management skills training mode for the community patients with psychosis in recovery stage by using action research method. Methods Action research method was applied to mental rehabilitation patients in Sunshine Psychiatric Garden of Shanghai to manage vocational rehabilitation support. By literature verification and empirical experience, the key problems were found out, and goals were established. Then management skills according to planning, action, observation, reflection and correction were implemented. This circle were spiraled for 2-3 times stages, and verification and evaluation before and after action practice based on Negative Symptom Rating scale (SANS) and Social Disability Screening Scale (SDSS). Results The community mental vocational rehabilitation was built with action research and based on the evidence of foreign psychic rehabilitation supportive individual placement and support. The mode should consider the professional characteristics of technical, social and economic. Also, it should contain professional ability, social skills and job adaptability training and performance evaluation, and offer salary allowance. The factors of SANS in 21 patients after practice were significantly improved (P < 0.01), and most of the factors in the SDSS were significantly improved (P < 0.01). Conclusions Community psychic vocational rehabilitation using action research method is a kind of advanced nursing practice, and also a process of evidence-based practice, which can provide a systematic, specific, practical work method for community mental rehabilitation institutions to force vocational rehabilitation training.

Objective To observe the effects of Uremic Clearance Granule combined with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) in treating different period of diabetic nephropathy (DN ) .Methods 46 patients with DN were divided into the control group and the treatment group ,23 cases in each group .The two groups were given the rou-tine hypoglycemic therapy .The control group was treated with ACEI or ARB ,while the treatment group was given Uremic Clear-ance Granule 5 g each time ,four times daily for successive 4 weeks .Then the indexes of serum creatinine ,blood urea nitrogen ,cysta-tin-C ,microalbumin and 24 h urine total protein at 24 h before and after treatment were observed .Results The microalbumin and 24 h urine total protein after treatment in the two groups were reduced compared with before treatment (P<0 .01) .In the patients with the stage Ⅲ of DN ,the urine protein decrease after treatment had no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0 .05) . In the patients with the stage Ⅳ of DN ,on the basis of ACEI or ARB adding Uremic Clearance Granule could significantly decrease the urine protein(P<0 .05) .Conclusion ACEI or ARB combined with Uremic Clearance Granule has definite effect for treating massive proteinuria of DN .

Biliary tract infection is the most commonly seen severe complication of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ)with a high mortality rate. Bile bacterial infection in MOJ patients is related with a variety of clinical factors and the therapeutic approaches including surgical operation,ERCP and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage( PTCD). Bile bacterial culture combined with drug sensitivity test is of great importance for selection of optimal antibacterial agents. In this article,the related factors,current status of therapeutics,biliary bacterial spectrum and drug sensitivity in MOJ with biliary tract infection were reviewed for defining the clinical indicators and guiding the use of antibacterial agents.

Objective To understand the difference of Demodex prevalence among medical students living and studying together with different classes, sexes and nationalities. \ Methods\ Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis were detected by using cellophane tape on the nasolabial grooves. \ Results\ The overall prevalence was 51\^5% in 2 248 medical students. Prevalence in different classes and sexes was: freshman 42\^6%, sophomore 49\^6% and third year students 66\^8%; 55\^7% in males and 48\^7% in females. Prevalence in students with different nationalities was: Mongolian 49\^8%, Han 52\^8% and other minorities 64\^3%. \ Conclusion\ The Demodex prevalence in students of senior classes was higher than those from junior ones (P