The prevalence and adjusted rate of Mental Retardation(M. R.) were 2.70% and 2.68% in the Qin-Ba Mountain Area in South-Shaanxi; 2.78% and 2.80% in childhood respectivety. These rates were all higher than overall rates in Shaanxi and in It is obvious that the prevalence of M. R. could be reduced by the social-environmental factors such as natural geographic situation, social development level, mean income per capita, mother's schooling, the family relationship with stepmother/stepfather, etc. Reducing prevalence rate of M. R., we need to take the multiple measures and services. It may help the reduction of M. R. prevalence and it is very important to continuously supply iodine salt in these area.

Adult ; Brugada Syndrome ; complications ; physiopathology ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male

Ohjective To study the indications,clinical effect and complications of hysterectomy so as to im- prove therapeutic effect.Methods The clinical data involving 320 cases of hysterectomy in this hospital from 2000 to 2006 were reviewed,and the pathogenesis,operation mode,curative effect and post-operation complications were analysed.Results Patients who received hysterectomy due to benign gynecologic diseases were cured well cliniclly; those who received hysterectomy due to malignant gynecologic diseases or diseases with the tendency of malignant change were cured well in early stage but the effect was not so satisfactory in later stage.The operation mode was de- cided by considering the pathogenesis and individual difference.Conclusion For benign gynecologic diseases,hys- terectomy can be conducted with good effect after conservative treatment becomes ineffective.For malignant gyneco logic diseases,early treatment will bring good resuh,while late treatment will generate not so satisfactory effect.Indi- cations for operation should be controlled strictly for hysterectomy to guard against complications.

Hemophilia B is an X chromosome linked hereditary hemorrhagic disease, which is caused by the lose function mutation of factor IX (FIX), and significantly affects the patients' lifespan and life quality. The severity of hemophilia B depends on the FIX level in the plasma. By referring to the relevant literatures, we reviewed and summarized hemophilia B replacement therapies. Specifically, we focus on recombinant factor IX products on the market and those in the pipeline, especially on the long-acting factor IX drugs, to provide the basis for researches of new hemophilia B drugs.
Factor IX ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Hemophilia B ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Mutation ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use

Objective To study the current status of morning blood pressure peak in elderly masked hypertension patients and study the correlation between morning blood pressure peak and cognitive function.Methods A total of 72 elderly masked hypertension patients were selected in this study,.Morning blood pressure peak was measured by ABPM examination.The patients were divided into three groups according to the morning blood pressure peak.Morning blood pressure peak ≤ 30 mmHg were divided into non-Morning blood pressure surge group ( NMS group),morning blood pressure peak ＞30 mmHg were divided into Morning blood pressure surge group ( MS group).The cognitive function scale was determined (MMSE and MoCA).T-test and linear regression analysis were performed.Results MMSE score(27.69±2.04) and MoCA scores(24.85 ± 1.52) in MS group were lower than NMS group (28.87 ± 1.34,26.54± 1.53) ( P ＜0.01 ).MMSE and MoCA scores were negatively correlated with the morning blood pressure peak ( r =- 0.308,- 0.447,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Elderly masked hypertension patients remained the phenomenon of the morning blood pressure peak,the morning blood pressure peak could lead to cognitive impairment.

Objective:To explore and observe therapeutic effect of nursing exercise rehabilitation on home patients with chronic heart disease (CHF) .Methods :A total of 122 CHF patients ,who performed home‐rehabilitation in community from Jan 2012 to Feb 2015 ,were selected .According to sealed envelope extraction method ,patients were randomly and equally divided into routine nursing group (received routine nursing intervention ) and exercise intervention group (received early exercise intervention based on routine nursing group ) ,the intervention period was eight weeks for both groups .The 6min walking distance (6MWD) ,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ,scores of Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) and self‐behavior management scale were measured and compared between two groups before and after nursing .Results:Compared with before nursing ,after nursing , there were significant rise in 6MWD ,LVEF and score of self‐behavior management in both groups , P<0.01 all . Compared with routine nursing group after nursing ,there were significant rise in 6MWD [ (482.44 ± 65.29) m vs . (546.24 ± 76.13) m] ,LVEF [ (35.69 ± 7.22)% vs .(38.83 ± 6.92)% ] and score of self‐behavior management [(89.19 ± 25.14) scores vs .(103.49 ± 22.44) scores] ,significant reductions in physical [(62.12 ± 17.97) scores vs . (42.32 ± 17.67) scores] ,emotional [ (67.76 ± 17.17) scores vs .(51.32 ± 16.41) scores] and social dimension score [ (72.43 ± 10.31) scores vs .(62.44 ± 10.45) scores] of MLHFQ in exercise intervention group ,P<0.01 all .Con‐clusion:Nursing exercise can significantly enhance heart function and athletic ability ,improve self‐care capacity , help to improve quality of life in home patients with chronic heart failure .

Objective:To compare the preventive effects of dezocine or parecoxib used alone or combination on emergence pain and agitation in the patients undergoing radical hysterectomy. Methods: Sixty ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ patients undergoing radical hysterectomy were randomly divided into three groups. At the time of sewing incision, the dezocine group (group D, n=20) received dezocine in-travenous injection at the dosage of 0. 1 mg·kg-1, the parecoxib group (group P, n=20) received parecoxib intravenous injection at the dosage of 0.8 mg·kg-1, and the combination group (group DP, n=20) received 0.1 mg·kg-1dezocine and 0.8 mg·kg-1 parecoxib. When the operation was finished, the patients were transferred to the recovery room with endotracheal tubes, and recovered and extubated without the administration of reversal agents. Visual analogue scale ( VAS) for pain and Aono' s four-point scale for e-mergence agitation ( EA) were measured. The recovery time, extubation time, VAS, degree of EA and side effects such as nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression and hypersomnia during the emergence were also evaluated and recorded. Results:There were no sig-nificant differences in recovery time and extubation time among the three groups (P >0. 05). The VAS score and degree of EA in group DP were lower than that in group D (4. 65 ± 1. 69) and group P (5. 95 ± 1. 82) (P<0. 05), and the VAS score in group D was lower than that in group P (P<0. 05). The incidence of moderate and severe pain during the emergence in group DP (20%) was low-er than that in group D and group P (75% and 85%, respectively, P<0. 05), and that was lower in group D when compared with that in group P(P<0. 05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of degree of EA higher than 3 among the three groups (P>0. 05), and no side effects such as nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression and hypersomnia were detected during the emergence. Conclusion:Intravenous injection of 0. 1 mg·kg-1 dezocine combined with 0. 8 mg·kg-1 parecoxib at the time of sewing incision shows effective analgesia and emergence agitation reduction without obvious complications in the patients undergoing radical hysterecto-my.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT) of herbal medicines in European Union(EU) und-er The Directive 2004/24/EC and to provide thoughts for the export of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM).METHODS: TheTBT set by European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) was discussed from aspects of the simplification of restrictions on application, technical standard specifications and authentication system, and documents for registration etc, and some suggestions for the export of TCM were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Firstly, Chinese government should strengthen the communication and cooperation with European governments. Secondly, more advanced TCM quality specification should be set up. Thirdly we need to seek for support through multinational investment. Finally we should set up some information consultancy agents and to get access to information related to TBT.

Objective To discuss the advantages of combined use of intravenous indwelling needle and infusion connector joint.Methods 120 cases of children in our hospital receiving chemotherapy through intravenous infusion were randomized into the control group and the experimental group with 60 cases in each group.The control group used heparin cap,after each infusion was completed,with 12.SU/ml 3～5ml of heparin saline pulse-type sealing.The experimental group adopted infusion connector joint,after the infusion completed,3～5 ml normal saline was injected into the joint to flush the blessing sealed tube.The complications rate was calculated in two groups.Results The experimental group and the control group showed differences in the incidence of complications and the patients' approval to nurses.Conclusions Combination of intravenous indwelling needle and infusion connector joint can reduce the complications significantly,and improve patients' approval to nurses.

Obfectives:The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of different early enteral nutrition formula (containing either MCT/LCT or LCT only) on improving nutritional status of burned patients. Methods:This was a prospective,randomized,single blind and controlled study.Thirty cases of burned patients injured by varous causes with total burn surface area (TBSA) more than 30% were collected and randomized into two groups:①Group F:enteral feeding with Fresubin 750 MCT containing MCT/LCT as fat source,②Group N:enteral feeding with Nutrison,containing only LCT as fat source.All of the thirty patients received isocaloric,isonitrogenous,and isolipidic enteral feeding,with intragastric tube and enteral feeding pump,started within 24 h postburn.The several parameters were observed on postburn day(PBD) 1,4,7 and 10,such as serum concentrations of transferrin and prealbumin and plasma concentrations of prostaglandin E 2(PGE 2) and insulin.Nitrogen in urine per day and excretion of 3 methylhistidine in urine on day 1,7 and 10 postburn were determined. Results:The results showed that the patients of F group had an increased blood concentration of transferrin,prealbumin and insulin,and a decreased plasma concentration of PGE 2.Excretion of nitrogen and 3 methylhistidine in urine was also markedly reduced in patients fed with nutrients containing MCT/LCT compared with LCT. Conclusions :We have shown that an enteral diet containing MCT/LCT can improve the nutrition status of burned patients more effectively.