Objective To investigate the expression of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase(JNK) in rat brains with chronic fluorosis and try to reveal the molecular mechanism for the neural impairment induced by the disease.Methods The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, normal control group(drinking water containing less than 0.5 mg/L of sodium fluoride, NaF), lower fluoride exposed group(drinking water containing 5 mg/L NaF) and higher fluoride exposed group(drinking water containing 50 mg/L NaF), 24 in every group. The rats were examined at the sixth month after feeding. The concentration of fluorine in urine and blood was detected by F-ion selective electrode. The expression of JNK in brains was investigated by using Western blotting and immunohitochemistry staining, and analyze the correlation between activating of JNK and the concentration of fluorine in blood. Results The increased concentration of fluorine in urine(control: 0.92 ± 0.30, lower fluoride exposed group: 2.56 ± 0.91,higher fluoride exposed group: 5.73 ± 3.14, P ＜ 0.05) were observed when 6 months after the beginning of the experiment, and the amount of fluorine in blood was also higher in rats with fluorosis(control: 0.12 ± 0.07, lower fluoride exposed group: 0.36 ± 0.14, higher fluoride exposed group: 0.50 ± 0.18, P ＜ 0.05). The expression of phospho-JNK at protein levels were higher in the brains of rats with fluorosis than that of controls (control: 1.00 ± 0.37, lower fluoride exposed group: 1.20 ± 0.28, higher fluoride exposed group: 1.74 ± 0.69, P ＜ 0.05), whereas no change of total-JNK was found(F = 0.046, P ＞ 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of phospho-JNK in the parietal cortex(119.3 ± 14.1), occipital cortex(112.7 ± 5.4), hippocampus CA3(100.6 ± 8.9), dorsal thalamus (117.8 ± 10.4) and olivary nucleus( 112.6 ± 5.9) of rats in higher fluoride exposed group were higher than that in control( 104.1 ± 8.9,106.6 ± 9.6,106.6 ± 9.7,108.9 ± 6.4,100.3 ± 8.4, all P ＜ 0.05) and lower fluoride exposed group(96.7 ± 17.1,102.5 ± 8.3,106.4 ± 6.5,110.2 ± 9.3,102.4 ± 4.7,102.5 ± 9.8, all P＜ 0.05). The positive stained neurons of total-JNK also distributed in the same brain regions of rats, but no difference was detected between the rats with fluorosis and controls(all P ＞ 0.05). The increased level of phospho-JNK was positively correlated with the fluoride contents in blood of the rats with fluorosis (r = 0.677). Conclusions The expression of phospho-JNK in brains of rats with fluorosis was significantly increased with a correlation to fluoride content in blood, which might be connected to the mechanism of neural impairment induced by chronic fluorosis.

This study was aimed to establish the thin layer chromatography (TLC) identification and content determination of Tibetan medicineJi-Ni De-Xie (JNDX). TLC was used to identifyBerberis kansuensisSchneid,Terminalia chebula Retz.,Phyllanthus emblicaandCurcuma LongaL. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the content of berberine hydrochloride. The results showed that the TLC identification had a good resolution with clear spots and no interference from the negative reference. The content of berberine hydrochloride showed a good linear relationship with the peak area in the range of 0.05-0.45 mg·mL-1. The regression equation wasY = 40 679X-130.56. The average recovery was 99.07%. It was concluded that the established method was easy to operate with good repeatability. It can effectively control the quality of Tibetan medicine JNDX.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of SMILE regimen for NK/T-cell lymphoma. Methods From November 2006 to February 2008, 5 patients with relapsed and 5 with first treatment NK/T-cell lymphoma were involved in this study. These patients were treated with SMILE regimen including methotrexate, isofosfamide, L-asparaginase and etoposide.1 patient were treated with autolognus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT), and 2 patients received local regional radiation following SMILE. Results Among 10 patients, 8 were eligible to response evaluation. The overall response rate for whole group was 50 %(4/8) without complete remission. The overall response rate for both previously untreated and relapsed patients were 50 %(2/4). Major toxicity were bone marrow supression and transient transaminase elevation, the incidence of grade Ⅲ -Ⅳ neutroponia was 65 %, and febrile neutropenia was 25 %, Grade Ⅲ transaminase elevation was 10 %. Other toxicities were mild, no treatment-related mortality occurred. 26.1% cycles discontinued due to severe side effect. Conclusion SMILE may be an effective regimen for relapsed or refractory NK/T-cell lymphoma while significant toxicities were observed. Further investigation is requried before SMILE become a standard combination for relapsed or refractory NK/T-cell lymphoma.

The report summarizes the Second International Workshop of Cancer Systems Biology held on July 5-6, 2012 in Changchun, China. The goal of the workshop was to bring together cancer researchers with different backgrounds to share their views about cancer and their experiences in fighting against cancer, and to gain new and systems-level understanding about cancer formation, progression, diagnosis, and treatment through exchanging ideas.
Apoptosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Systems Biology

Purpose: Investigation of stroke lesions mostly focuses on the grey matter (GM). White matter (WM) degeneration during acute stroke has remained understudied. In the present study, monkeys were employed to investigate the alterations in GM and WM in the brain following ischemic occlusion using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Materials and Methods: Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in rhesus monkeys (n = 6) using an interventional approach. Serial DTI was conducted on a clinical 3 T in the hyperacute phase (2–6 hours), 48, and 96 hours post-occlusion. Regions of interest in GM and WM of lesion areas were selected for data analysis. Results: Mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) in WM decreased substantially during hyperacute stroke, similar to those seen in GM. No obvious fractional anisotropy changes were seen in WM during the hyperacute phase until 48 hours poststroke when significant fiber loss was observed. Pseudo-normalization of MD, AD, and RD was seen at 96 hours. Pathological changes in WM and GM were observed in ischemic areas at 8, 48, and 96 hours poststroke. Relative changes in MD, AD, and RD of WM were correlated negatively with infarction volumes at 6 hours poststroke. Conclusion The present study revealed the microstructural changes in GM and WM of monkey brains during acute stroke using DTI. The preliminary results suggest that AD and RD may be sensitive surrogate markers to assess specific microstructural changes in WM during the hyperacute stroke.

Background/Aims: Disaccharidase assay is used for assessing carbohydrate intolerance in children, but its usefulness in adults is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of disaccharidase deficiency in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods: A retrospective review of adults with chronic (> 1 year) abdominal symptoms and negative imaging and endoscopy/colonoscopy and who completed bowel symptom questionnaire and duodenal biopsy for lactase, maltase, sucrase, and palatinase was performed. A subset also underwent 25 g lactose breath test (LBT). Results: One hundred twenty patients (females = 83) were evaluated, of whom 48 also underwent LBT. Fifty-six (46.7%) patients had enzyme deficiency; 44 (36.7%) had single (either lactase or maltase), 1 had 3 enzyme deficiencies, 11 (9.2 %) had all 4 disaccharidase enzyme (pan-disaccharidase) deficiency, and 64 (53.0%) had normal enzyme levels. Baseline prevalence and severity of 11 gastrointestinal symptoms were similar between normal and single enzyme deficiency groups. The sensitivity and specificity of LBT was 78.3% and 72.0%, respectively and overall agreement with lactase deficiency was 75.0%. Conclusions Isolated disaccharidase deficiency occurs in adults, usually lactase and rarely maltase, and pan-disaccharidase deficiency is rare. Baseline symptoms or its severity did not predict enzyme deficiency.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the stroke classification of different age groups in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province in order to provide a basis for targeted prevention and treatment of stroke in the area. Methods From October 2011 to June 2014,a cross-sectional survey was used for cluster sampling and stratified sampling in 10000 residents,farmers,and herdsmen in Dege,Ganzi,Litang, Batang,and Kangding counties,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province. The questionnaires were used to collect demographic characteristics,stroke,hypertension,and other information. A total of 9186 effective questionnaire responders were enrolled. According to their ages,they were divided into five groups (18-29,-39,-49,-59,and ≥60 years). The included respondents in each group were 2492,2356, 2161,943,and 1234,respectively. Strokes were classified as transient ischemic attack,cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage groups. The differences in the prevalence among the groups used chi-square test. Results In 9186 subjects, 4584 ( 49. 9%) were females and 4602(50. 1％) were males. There were 174 patients with stroke,the prevalence was 1. 89％. The incidences of stroke in 5 age groups from small to large were 0. 08％％ (2/2492),0. 68％ (16/2356),1. 39％ (30/2161),2. 65％ (25/943),and 8. 18％ (101/1234),respectively. There were significant differences in the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases in different age groups (χ2 =693. 72,P<0. 01). The proportions of cerebral infarction,intracerebral hemorrhage,transient ischemic attack,and subarachnoid hemorrhage in the classification of stroke were 44.2％ (n=77),43.7％ (n=76),7.5％ (n=13),and 4.6％ (n=8),respectively. The prevalence of hypertension in the above stroke types were 77. 9％ (60/77),94. 7％(72/76),7/13 and 5/8,respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases is high in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,and hemorrhagic stroke is significantly higher, the incidence of hypertension is the highest,which suggests that hypertension is an important risk factor for high incidence of hemorrhagic stroke in the local area. It is necessary to do a good job of health education on stroke according to the characteristics of local stroke

Objective To analyze the current status and quality of existing obstetrics and gynecology enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)guidelines/consensus,understand the evidence-based practices in this field,and provide a basis for clinical decision-making.Methods A systematic search of PubMed,CNKI,and other databases,as well as NGC,SIGN,and websites of anesthesia societies domestically and internationally was conducted to obtain relevant guidelines and consensus on ERAS for gynecological surgery.The search was conducted from inception to July 1,2023,and the AGREE Ⅱ and RIGHT tools were used to analyze the current status and quality of the included guidelines/consensus,as well as to conduct a summary of the recommendations.Results A total of 5 guidelines and 10 consensus statements were included.The publication years were from 2018 to 2023,originating from the United States,China,Canada,and the United Kingdom.In the 6 areas evaluated using AGREEⅡ,clarity(66.06％)scored highest,followed by scope and purpose(56.67％),involvement of stakeholders(42.02％),and editorial independence(37.64％)with scores above 30％.The scores for rigor of development(26.88％)and applicability(4.17％)were relatively low.The same items among different evaluators indicated good consistency.The results of the scores in each area were as follows:A-level 2,B-level 13,and no C-level.Two high-quality guidelines were selected.The average RIGHT reporting rate was 44.38％.Subgroup analysis showed that guidelines were higher than consensus statements in the areas of rigor of development and applicability(P＜0.05),and that using GRADE was higher than not using(P＜0.05).The areas of rigor of development and clarity were higher in foreign guidelines than domestic guidelines(P＜0.05),and using evidence grading tools was higher than not using(P＜0.05).The summary of the recommendations showed that the quality of the evidence supporting the recommendations was uneven,and some recommendations were not specific enough.Conclusion The quality of the 15 included ERAS guidelines/consensus in obstetrics and gynecology is uneven,and 2 of them can be used as high-quality guidelines for clinical reference.The quality of evidence-based guidelines in foreign countries is higher,and the use rate of GRADE in foreign guidelines is high,most of which can provide clear recommendation strength and evidence level.Chinese guidelines/consensus are of lower quality compared to overseas,and methodology and report quality need further improvement.Overall,it is still necessary to strengthen the formulation of methods and reporting standards,improve the quality of evidence,and refine specific recommendations.

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the pathogenic genes in a pedigree with autosomal dominant ichthyosis vulgaris (IV).

METHODSLinkage analysis was performed by using STR markers in chromosome 1, and mutation detection was used to screen for FLG gene mutation.

RESULTSA maximum two-point Lod score of 3.46 (theta=0) was obtained at D1S2696. Haplotype analysis placed the critical region in a 15-CM interval defined by D1S2726 and D1S305, but no mutation of FLG was found in our IV patients.

CONCLUSIONThe pathologic gene of the IV family locates near D1S2696, and the FLG gene may not ruled out from the pathologic genes.