Herpes simplex virus infection after excimer laser corneal refractive surgery often leads to serious complications,and the main reasons to induce the infection of herpes simplex virus are:irradiation of excimer laser and stimulation of corneal by surgery;long-term topical administration of steroids eye drops,or the interaction of all above factors.Once the herpetic keratitis appears,early and correct diagnosis and management are critical for rescuing the visual acuity.The laboratory assay methods,such as serum antibody,virus culture,corneal epithelial scraping,pathological examination,polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ),can be used for the assistance of diagnosis but each methods has their own limitation ; it is recognized that the multiplex PCR seem to become more sensitive.The primary treatment method for the infection of herpes simplex virus is to use the anti-virus drug topical or systemically after excimer laser corneal refractive keratectomy.the topical use of antivirus drugs in perioperation period for patients with history of herpetic keratitis can reduce the recurrence.This paper summarized the progress in clinical and experimental researches and review the etiology,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of herpetic keratitis following excimer laser corneal refractive surgery in recent years.

Objective To solve the problem of erectile dysfunction in clinical forensic medicine investigation by using the nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) testing. Method 13 cases who complained erectile dysfunction after trauma were studied by using RIGISCAN PLUS SYSTEM. Results In 13 cases, the results of NPT testing showed that the erectile function was normal in 3 cases, slight dropping in 5 cases, medium dropping in 2 cases, and completely losing in 3 cases. In 5 cases which were serious erectile dysfunction as tested by IIEF, the NPT showed that the erectile function was normal in 1 case, slight dropping in 1 case, medium dropping in 1 cases, and losing completely in 2 cases. Conclusion The nocturnal penile tumescence testing can solve the problem of erectile dysfunction in forensic medicine investigation including the estimatieon of the severity of injury, labor ability assessment and some related questions.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of Hashimoto's diseaseconcomitant with thyroid carcinoma. Methods Clinical data of 74 cages of thyroid carcinoma occuring on the background of Hashimoto's disease were retrospectively analyzed. Results All cases were papillary carcinoma pathologically.The serum TGAb and McAb level elevated in 56 and 68 cases,respectively.While TPOAB level was all elevated.45 cages underwent unilateral thyroideetomy and contralateral subtotal thyroidectomy,1 case did bilateral near total thyroidectomy,26 cases did unilateral thyroidectomy.and 2 cases with bilateral thyroidectomy.All cases underwent combined central region lymph nodes dissection(positive rate was 27%,20/74),10 cases underwent modied lymph node resection.69 cases were followed up rangins from 1 month to 7 years,with median length of 29 months.4 cases were re-admired for modified lymph nodes resection. Conclusion TGAb、McAb、FNAB and ultrasound is the main procedure forscreening Hashimoto's disese accompanied with thyroid carcinoma preoperatively.Radical thyroideetomy iS the therapy of choice.

Objective: To observe the effect of intrathecal p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) treatment on neuropathic pain and the expression of p38 MAPK and BDNF in dorsal horn of spinal cord in rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI), So as to investigate the possible mechanisms of neuropathic pain. Methods: Totally 30 SD rats were evenly randomized into 3 groups (n=10): sham group receiving intrathecal injection of sodium chloride, control group receiving intrathecal injection of sodium chloride and CCI surgery, and SB203580 group receiving intrathecal injection of SB203580 and CCI surgery. SB203580 (0.1 ml/kg) was administered 0.5 h before and 1-14 d after CCI surgery. The mechanical thresholds were tested 24 h before and 4-14 d after CCI surgery. p38 MAPK expression and BDNF release in the dorsal horn were determined using immunohistochemistry method 14 d after CCI surgery. Results: The mechanical thresholds in the control and SB203580 groups were significantly lower after CCI surgery compared with that before CCI surgery (P<0.05), but there was no significant change in the control group (P>0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, the mechanical thresholds were significantly lower in the other two groups after CCI surgery (P<0.05). The mechanical threshold of SB203580 group was significantly higher than that of the control group after CCI surgery (P<0.05). The p38 MAPK expression and BDNF release were significantly higher in the control and SB203580 groups compared with those in the sham operation group (P<0.05), and those in the SB203580 group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intrathecal injection of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 can attenuate hyperalgesia in CCI rats through decreasing p38 MAPK expression and BDNF release.

0.05).Seventy patients were followed up from 3 months to 8 years post-operatively,with tumor-free survival in 67 cases,and cervical lymph nodes metastasis in 3 cases.No permanent hypo-parathyroidism or paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerves occurred.Conclusions Total thyroidectomy is advised for bilateral thyroid carcinoma.It is necessary to emphasize the importance of resection of the central region lymph nodes.

BACKGROUND:Scientists began to use stem cells to treat Alzheimer’s disease since human beings achieved embryonic stem cells successful y in 1998.
OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in stem cells treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.
METHODS:An online search of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed for articles published from 1998 to 2012 (CNKI) using key words of“Alzheimer’s disease, stem cells, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells”in Chinese and English, respectively. The articles were included which related to Alzheimer’s disease, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, and for articles in the same field, those published recently or in authorized journals were selected. A total of 85 articles were searched. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 were included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The possible mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease include differentiation of neural-like cells, secretion of nutrition factor, improvement of endogenous repair, stimulation of vascular regeneration and action on inflammatory cells. This review highlighted research status of neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. There were advantages and disadvantages for al of them. The low immunogenicity and oncogenicity of neural stem cells are advantages, but limited source reduces their application. Mesenchymal stem cells also have low immunogenicity and oncogenicity, but their differentiation potential is not good as embryonic stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells also have many unsolved problems, but they have been regarded as promising stem cells.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells have been an important source of seed cells for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and immunosuppressive therapy areas. The large expansion is the key to the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress in the in vitro expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells in animal serum-free media. METHODS:A computer-based online retrieval of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed to search papers published between 2004 and 2014 using the key words of“mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells, animal serum-free media, humanized media, human serum, umbilical cord blood serum, platelet rich plasma, platelet lysate, defined medium”in English and Chinese, respectively. Final y, 41 articles were retained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human serum, umbilical cord blood serum, platelet rich plasma, platelet lysate and defined medium can replace fetal bovine serum for large-scale expansion of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. These media or additives have their advantages and disadvantages;therefore, it is urgent to guarantee the functional effectiveness and transplantation safety before large-scale, systematic clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells.

BACKGROUND:Platelet lysate has been known as a kind of lysate of autologous or alogeneic platelet-rich products. It not only removes the residual cel structure, reduces immunogenicity, but also retains many growth factors. Platelet lysate has been suggested as a substitute for fetal bovine serum to expand mesenchymal stem cels in vitro. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of platelet lysate on biological characteristics of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and adipose mesenchymal stem cels, and provide some experimental data for clinical cel therapy and regenerative medicine. METHODS:Platelet lysate was prepared by repeated freezing and thawing from fresh blood. Healthy adult bone marrow and adipose tissue were colected. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and adipose mesenchymal stem cels were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and type I colagenase digestion. We tested the morphology, cel phenotype, differentiation characteristics, proliferation capacity, colony forming ability and the level of cytokine secretion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and adipose mesenchymal stem cels after cultured with platelet lysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and adipose mesenchymal stem cels were successfuly cultured in vitro using platelet lysate. There were no significant differences in morphology, cel phenotype, colony forming ability and the level of cytokine secretion, and chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic capacities between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and adipose mesenchymal stem cels. Adipose mesenchymal stem cels had a high cumulative population doublings than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels (P < 0.05). These findings suggest adipose mesenchymal stem cels had a stronger proliferative ability, and are more suitable for large-scale expansionin vitro cultivation system of platelet lysate compared with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels.

The etiology of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome(RPLS)is more complex.Its pathogenesis has a lot of controversies,and its clinical manifestations are headache, nausea,vomiting,epileptic seizure,consciousness disturbance and visual abnormality.Neuroim- aging examinations have shown that diffuse symmetrical white matter edema is predominantly in the bilateral posterior brain regions.Clinical symptoms and neuroimaging changes can be recov- ered completely after timely and effective treatment.If the treatment is delayed,it may compli- cate with cerebral infarction or hemorrhage,and lead to irreversible damage.

Objective To explore the MSCT and MRI characteristics of hydrosalpinx.Methods The CT and MRI findings of 28 patients with hydrosalpinx confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively studied.Before operation,the plain and contrast enhanced CT in 25 patients and the plain and contrast enhanced MRI in 3 had been carried out.Results 1 9 patients with unilateral hydrosalpinx (12 on the left and 7 on the right side)and 9 patients with bilateral hydrosalpinx were found.Both CT and MRI images showed the cystic mass with different forms in annex area,including botuliform changes in 1 6 patients,beaded form in 9,polycystic changes in 8 and retort-like changes in 4.The low density as water on plain CT,and the low signal on T1 WI and high signal on T2 WI were showed.The cystic walls were significantly enhanced without nodules.If there is septum,mild enhancement was also found.14 patients with chronic salpingitis,2 with fascial thickening,3 with uterine fibroid and 1 7 with pelvic fluid.Conclusion CT and MRI findings of hydrosalpinx are characteristic.