Upon the previous studies on the effect of spinal cord repair kinetics, we report the effect of extending the irradiation schedules to 3 treatment day per week. The animals in the experimental group received a pair of 2Gy fraction every other day separated by intervals (day/overnight) of 6h/42h and 8h/40h, respectively. There was significant shift by increasing interfraction intervals from 6/18h and 8/16h to6h/42h and 8h/40h, respectively. It is suggested that the tolerance of spinal cord is reduced while the overnight intervals are shortened from 42h and 40h to 18h and 16h, respectively and the repair of sublethal damage of spinal cord following multifraction treatment per day used in the clinic is not completed. With biexponential model, the ?/? ratio derived from these pooled data was 2.2Gy. T 1/2 values from spinal cord were obtained as 1.3h and 5.5h. It showed that the repair kinetics parameters are in well agreement with the results from the previous work. The repair processes are not influenced by interruption during radiotherapy.

The biology rationale for radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant disease is based on repair, repopulation,reoxygenation and cell cycle redistribution. Various aspects of the roles of the 4R' are discussed, including in determining the sensitivity of tumors and normal tissue tolerances. An improvement in therapeutic ratio may derive from reducing the dose per fraction and minimizing the overall treatmemt duration. Some methods have developed to predict the response of normal and tumor tissues before radiotherapy. The parameters of cell survival at 2Gy(SF2) was correlated with clinical outcome. There is reasons to suppose that the pretreatment tumor LI and Tpot mat be good predictors for tumor repopulation kinetics. This review also discussed the rationale for the use of LQ model in fractionated radiotherapy.

Objective To correctly apply the Capability Maturity Model Integration(CMMI) model to the development process of medical device software,thus optimizing and improving the development process and enhancing the software process capability.Methods The matching between CMMI and IEC62304 was analyzed.The compatibility on application was investigated by taking risk management(the core process) as an example.Results The interface between CMMI and IEC62304 was discovered as well as their optimized process in risk management.Conclusion The process of medical device software development not only can be improved by CMMI model,but also should be.

The paper reviewed basic concepts of corporate governance.Based on these concepts,the authors proposed the general strategy and practices for introducing corporate governance structure at the hospital,and stated key characteristics of such a structural reform,thus making worthwhile attempts to this direction.

Objective To analyze the pregnancy outcome of laparoscopy cervical cerclage before pregnancy in treatment of uterine cervical insufficiency. Methods The clinical data of 78 uterine cervical incompetence patients having underwent cervical cerclage before pregnancy were retrospectively analyzed. Among them 40 cases underwent laparoscopy cervical cerclage (laparoscopy group), and 38 cases underwent transvaginal cervical cerclage (transvaginal group). The operation time, complications, length of cervix in pregnancy, lengthen time of gestational weeks, gestational weeks, perinatal infant weight, survival rate of perinatal infants and infection rate of uterine cavity were compared between 2 groups. Results The length of cervix in pregnancy, lengthened time of gestational weeks, perinatal infant weight, term labor rate and survival rate of perinatal infants in laparoscopy group were significantly higher than those in transvaginal group: (4.35 ± 0.52) cm vs. (3.51 ± 0.66) cm, (116.7 ± 9.8) d vs. (90.2 ± 5.2) d, (3 050 ± 759) g vs. (2 500 ± 431) g, 60.0%(24/40) vs. 31.6%(12/38) and 95.0%(38/40) vs. 78.9%(30/38), and the infection rate of uterine cavity was significantly lower than that in transvaginal group: 2.5% (1/40) vs. 18.4% (7/38), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in operation time and incidence of complications (P > 0.05). Conclusions Laparoscopy cervical cerclage before pregnancy in treatment of uterine cervical incompetence can effectively maintain the cervical length period of pregnancy, improve the success rate of surgery, prolong gestational weeks, and improve perinatal outcome.

The heterogeneity is one of the main points in study on the mast cells. In the present paper, the heterogeneity of skin connective mast cells (CTMC) in comparison with that of gastrointestinal mucosal mast cells (MMC) with both toluidine blue staining and immunostaining was studied. The results showed that the CTMC fixed with formaldehyde could be demonstrated with routine toluidine blue staining, whereas the MMC could be demonstrated only with lower pH and prolonged staining duration. In immunostaining almost all of the CTMC showed serotoninimmunoreactivity, and only 10% of the CTMC showed substance P-immunoreactivity; while approximate 35% of the MMC showed serotonin-immunoreacivity and no substance P-immunoreactivity was found. The results indicate that the mast cell heterogeneity may be found in toluidine blue staining as well as in immunostaining.

Mitochondria ATP synthase is a key enzyme in cellular energy interconversion. It is generally believed that ATP synthase is strictly confined to mitochondria. However, it has been demonstrated that ATP synthase also occurs on the extracellular surface of vascular endothelial cells, tumor cells and adipocytes, instead of normal cells. Based on this characteristic, many functional researches have been conducted on the angiogenesis, tumor inhibition and lipid metabolism, and the mechanism on which this enzyme works has been preliminarily elucidated. The research advances in cell-surface ATP synthase are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To introduce the development of an adjustable and bed- type table for pleural puncture and observe its clinical effect. Methods 100 patients who were to undergo pleural puncture were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 50 cases in each group.The experimen-tal group adopted the adjustable and bed-type table for pleural puncture, while the control group used the conventional method.The pulse,respiration and artery blood oxygen saturation degree were observed. The ef-feet of puncture was also compared. Results The pulse and respiration increased and the artery blood oxygen saturation degree decreased after puncture,which were significantly different between the two groups. One- time success rate of puncture,comfort degree and satisfaction degree of patients in the experimental group were better than those of the control group. Conclusions Adjustable and bed- type table for pleu-ral puncture can reduce the uncomfort of patients and increase the success rate of puncture and satisfaction degree of patients.

ObjectiveTo discuss the feasibility and effect of clinical application of the single-bag and double-chamber anus tube.MethodsPatients who needed retention enema and non-retention enema(80 cases) were divided into 2 groups with 40 cases in each group.The test group was given enema by single-bag and double-chamber anus tube.The control group was given enema by traditional rubber anus tube.The reaction and clinical effect were compared between the two groups.ResultsIn the test group,pain and malaise lessened,intestinal cleaning was good,enema liquid reservation prolonged,the satisfaction degree of patients improved,compared with that of the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionsClinical application of self-made single-bag and double-chamber anus tube can give lesser pain and better effect of patients,and it improved satisfaction degree of patients and efficiency of nursing work greatly.

Pancreatic abscess(PA)is the most serious complication of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),which can lead to systemic and/ or local complications,and even death. PA cannot be resolved automatically after the formation. Once diagnosed,early drainage,anti-infection and nutrition support should be undertaken,the most important is early drainage. In the past,the treatment of PA was mainly based on surgical treatment. With the development of minimally invasive techniques,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)guided drainage and percutaneous catheter drainage(PCD)offer a new way for the treatment of PA. Preventing and early diagnosis of PA become a challenge in the treatment of SAP. This article reviewed the progress in diagnosis and treatment of SAP complicated with PA.