At present,lung diseases,particularly lung cancer,remain the major diseases that threaten human health,and the diagnosis,staging and re-staging and therapy evaluation of lung diseases are still the hot and difficult problems.PET(positron emission tomography)imaging can display the organic functions,metabolism,and other information at molecular level.PET has unique advantages and clinical application value in the diagnosis of lung diseases.This paper reviews the related literatures and presents typical cases for the discussion of PET/CT in lung diseases.

This paper analyzed some policies of new health care reform from the perspective of doctor -patient trust.The implementation of the policy of income and expenses in two lines has changed the management mode of township hospitals , eliminated some factors harming the doctor -patient relationship .The policy of equalization of public healthand other policies have guided the hospitals to change the way of service , service and health man-agement into the village increased the degree of doctor -patient trust .But at the same time , to ensure the new health care reform run smoothly , township hospitals introduced various ways of prescribing restraints .In addition , the policy of zero profit for basic drugs also brought some restrictions and regulations , resulting in a decline of satis-faction of patients , who have a tendency to blame the hospitals and doctors for these inconveniences .This misun-derstanding has becomed the new difficulties for doctor -patient trust as policy running .

0.05). After experimental cerebral hemorrhage for 4 hours of model group, blood pressure and P O 2 were obvious increased( P 0.05), but they were lower than model group at the meantime ( P

Objective The purpose of the studies was to explore the elective ways to enhance the ability of routine rest To - 99m - sestamibi (MIBI) myocardial scintigraphy to assess myocardial viability during the percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA ) in assessing viable myocwhium. Methods Three methods, (1) rest- nitroglycerine augment, (2) rest-gated, (3) rest-delayed 99mc - MIBI myocardial scintigraphies, were performed in 20,30 and 10 patients with coronary artery disease treated with coronary revascularization. Results The results showed that in evaluating viable myocardium, the positive predictive values for methods(1 )-(3) were 95. 9%,68. 5% and 84.1%,mepectively, the negative predictive values were 68. 2%, 90. 1% and 90.0%, respecihvely, the predictive accuracy rates were 82. 5%, 77. 3% and 87.2%. Conclusions The results indicate that identification of viable myocardium with 98mTc - MIBI can be effectively enhanced with methods (1) - (3); the 99mTc - MIBI myocardial scintigraphy can provide objective data for evaluating treatment effects by coronary revascularization.

There exist many studies on the radioligands for imaging of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the human brain and the most common one is the radioligand binding to α4β2-nAChRs,the main subtype of cerebral nAChRs.There are few data published in the literature on the radioligands for the imaging of α7-nAChRs,another important subtype of cerebral nAChRs.This review summarizes recent work on PET radioligands for the imaging of cerebral nAChRs.

Hemispatial neglect is a kind of cognitive impairment characterized by failure to report,respond or orient to stimuli presented in ipsi-or contra-lateral space after brain injury,which cannot be attributed to sensory or motor defects.Although there are various diagnosis and assessment methods,none is regarded as standard.The paper and pencil test is commonly used in routine clinical workup.The mechanism is controversial and the most accepted opinion is due to visuospatial attention defect.Imaging study focuses on exploring the functional regions leading to the hemispatial neglect.As functional imaging,SPECT and PET have capability to evaluate the perfusion,glucose metabolism and cellular vitality,which have been found increasingly useful and applicable clinically in the field of diagnosis for cognitive impairment diseases.They are likely to have potential for contribution in the study of hemispatial neglect.

Objective To investigate the effect of target diameter and target-to-background ratio (TBR) on the measurement of SUVmax [| (true SUV-SUVmax)/true SUV | × 100％,△SUVmax) in PET.Methods Six cylinders with various diameters from 5 to 29 mm were inserted in National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 2-1994 phantom.The six cylinders and background of phantom were filled with18F-FDG solution.Six different TBRs (1.79,3.70,6.25,10.59,14.87 and 17.88) were obtained by changing the 18F-FDG concentration in the six cylinders.The PET data were acquired in the 2D mode,and the target's inner diameter and SUVmax were measured.The logarithmic fitting curves of △SUVmax with diameter in different TBRs using equations (y=aln(x)+b) were acquired by Microsoft excel,| a| as the influence power of diameter on △SUVmax.Statistical analysis was performed with Pearson correlation test and curve estimation utilizing SPSS 17.0.Results The Pearson correlation coefficient between △SUVmax and diameter was-0.806 (P＜0.01).△SUVmax was inversely correlated with the diameter.When the diameter (the inner diameter measured on PET images) was 4.0 mm,△SUVmax could be as high as 79.73％ with different TBRs.The Pearson correlation coefficient between the influence power of diameter on △SUVmax (| a |) and TBRs was 0.848 (P＜0.05).When TBR was 6.25,10.59 and 14.87,the corresponding |a| was similar:38.019,39.998 and 39.362,respectively.When TBR was 17.88,| a| was the highest as 43.234.When TBR was 1.79 and 3.70,|a| was much smaller:14.141 and 23.411 respectively.Conclusions The lesion diameter is inversely correlated with △SUVmax.The influence power of diameter on △SUVmax is strongly correlated with TBR.Therefore,the effect of target diameter and TBR on the measurement of SUVmax should be taken into consideration for follow-up studies.

Objective To explore the classical clinical features of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke like episodes (MELAS) syndrome.Methods The clinical data of 1 MELAS syndrome patient was analyzed retrospectively.Results This patient suffered from the symptoms of stroke such as speech disorder and abnormal behavior at the beginning.She had a medical history of maternal family.There were headache and seizure in the process of the disease.The result after a physical examination showed that the patient had hearing loss, visual field defect and decrease of muscle strength.The CT and MRI scan of head showed that the patient had a stroke like lesion which did not follow the distribution of blood vessels.The blood and cerebrospinal fluid examination has ruled out viral and autoimmune encephalitis.The final diagnosis of MELAS syndrome was confirmed by gene analysis.The gene mutation was the m.3243A>G mutation.The clinical symptoms of the patient were comprehensive and the imaging findings were typical.Conclusions Main clinical manifestations of MELAS syndrome are stroke like seizures, epilepsy, headache, dementia, hearing impairment, peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, lactic acidosis, diabetes and so on.Main imaging features of the disease are stroke like lesions, basal ganglia calcification and brain atrophy.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate therapeutic efficacy,safety and economics of budesonide for infant bronchiolitis based on salbutamot. METHODS:In prospective study,160 inpatient children with bronchiolitis during Oct. 2014-Apr. 2016 were divid-ed into observation group and control group according to admission order,with 80 cases in each group. Both groups received conventional treatments. Control group was given Salbutamol solution for inhalation 0.25 mL added into 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 3 mL,q8 h. Observation group was given Budesonide suspension for inhalation 2 mL added into 0.9% Sodium chlo-ride injection 1 mL+Salbutamol solution for inhalation 0.25 mL,q8 h. Both groups received oxygen driven inhalation,and treat-ed for 5-7 d. Clinical symptom disappearance time,hospitalization time and clinical efficacy were compared between 2 groups as well as therapy drug cost(aerosol inhalation,other therapy drugs). The occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in cough disappearance time,wheezing disappearance time,lung rale disappearance time,tri-re-traction sign disappearance time and hospitalization time between 2 groups(P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in to-tal response rate between observation group (95.00%) and control group (92.50%)(P>0.05). The cost of inhalation drugs in observation group [(355.77±10.98)yuan] was significantly higher than control group [(26.83±2.86)yuan],with statistical signif-icance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the cost of routine therapy drugs between 2 groups (P>0.05). There was no significant ADR between 2 groups during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:For infant bronchiolitis,aerosol inhalation of budesonide based on salbutamol sulfate can not significantly shorten disease,shorten hospitalization time and improve clinical ef-ficacy,but increase therapy cost.