This study is to investigate the effect of low doses of insulin (1 u x kg(-1)) and selenium (180 microg x kg(-1)) in combination on general physiological parameters and insulin signal molecules in cardiac muscle of STZ-induced diabetic rats. The levels of blood glucose were estimated using One Touch SureStep Blood Glucose meter. HbA1c levels were estimated using microcolumn assay. TG and TC were estimated using enzymatic assay. The levels of PI3K and GLUT4 in cardiac muscle were examined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The result showed that insulin in combination with selenium could significantly lower blood glucose and blood lipid levels and markedly restored the PI3K and GLUT4 levels in cardiac muscle. It could be concluded that there was cooperation between insulin and selenium, and that treatment of diabetic rats with combined doses of insulin and selenium increased cardiac glucose uptake by upregulating the level of PI3K-mediated GLUT4 in cardiac muscle, eventually ameliorating myocardial dysfunction.

Objective To evaluate the effect of low-dose insulin [1 U/(kg · d)] in combination with selenium [180 g/(kg · d)] on general physiological parameters and glucose transporter (GLUT4) level in skeletal mnscle of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods Diabetic rats were treated with insulin, selenium, and insulin and selenium in combination for four weeks. The level of blood glucose was determined using One Tonch SnreStep Blood Glucose meter and the level of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle was examined by immunobiotting and immnnohistochemistry. Results Our data showed that insulin in combination with selenium could significantly lower blood glucose level and restore the disturbance in GLUT4 level in skeletal muscle. Treatment with insulin was only partially effective in restoring diabetic alterations. Conclusion It can be concluded that there is a synergistic action between insulin and selenium, and that treatment of diabetic rats with combined doses of insulin and selenium is effective in the normalization of blood glucose level and correction of altered GLUT4 distribution in skeletal mnscle of diabetic rats.

Objective To study the vancomycin-resistant genes and the virulence factors genes in vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE),and to analyze the drug-resistance character and epidemic characteristics of VRE strains and provide the basis for clincal selection of drugs and infection control.Methods VRE were screened by agar dilution sieving plate (ADSP) containing 6 μg/ml of vancomycin,drug resistance of VRE to other common antibiotics were detected by VITEK-60 automatic microbial analyzer.The gene types and virulence factor genes of VRE were determined by PCR.And the genetic relationships among VRE were determined by multilocus sequence typing.Results Seven vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains were found in 360 enterococcus strains.All the VRE strains exhibited high-level vancomycin resistance ; some of them were medium or senstive to teicoplanin.They all carried vanA gene and esp gene and one of them carried 4 kinds of virulence factor genes.The ST type of the 7 VRE strains were diffused distribution.Conclusion We found vanB phenotype vanA genotype vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates in Wenzhou; these VRE strains were multidrug resistance and carried various virulence factor genes.Linezolid could be used as a recommend drug for treatment of VRE infection.The protection of antibiotics sensitivity should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the change of plasma ghrelin level and explore the related factors of ghrelin alteration in elderly hypertensive patients with psychological distress. Methods A total of 300 elders, who were screened with Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) for psychological stress and somato-psychological manifestations respectively, were divided into hypertension group (n=148) and non-hypertension group (n=152). Their blood samples were collected to measure the plasma level of ghrelin and total cortisol on the same day. Results The incidences of anxiety and depression were 27.7% and 11.7%, respectively, in all the enrolled elders. However, the rates of psychological distress, particularly anxiety, were significantly higher in the hypertensive elders than in the non-hypertensive ones (43.2% vs. 12.5%). Anxiety was positively related to the cortisol level but negatively related to the plasma ghrelin level, and the latter two were negatively correlated with each other. Conclusion Chronic increase of plasma cortisol induced by long-term anxiety can lead to the reduction of ghrelin level, which then adversely affects blood pressure in elders with psychological distress. Therefore, ghrelin might be a selective antihypertensive medicine for hypertensive elders with anxiety.

Objective Based on U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,the signal mining of tizanidine adverse drug events(ADEs)was conducted to explore the occurrence characteristics of ADE,hoping to provide references for the safe clinical application of tizanidine.Methods The reporting odds ratio(ROR)and medicines and healthcare products regulatory agency methods(MHRA)were used to analyse the ADE of tizanidine using FAERS registration data from the first quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2022.After valid signals were obtained,the MedDRA was used for translation and system organ classification.Results A total of 7 135 reports of tizanidine ADE were obtained,including 1 732 patients,1 304 ADE types were involved.According to the results of 2 ADE signal mining methods,at the preferred term(PT)level,177 signals were detected.There were 32 PT signals not included in the drug instructions,including potassium wasting nephropathy,cardio-respiratory arrest,and foetal growth restriction etc.In 1 732 patients,the number of ADE cases of female was 2.37 times that in male(1 057 vs.446),and the age group between 40 and 64 accounted for a large proportion(36.03％).The highest proportion(32.79％)reported by consumers.The system organ class involved mainly included various neurological diseases and psychosis.The median time to onset of tizanidine-related ADEs was 75 d(interquartile range:28-223 d),but it was necessary to be vigilant that ADE may still occur 1 year after starting the drug(13.38％).Conclusion This study aims to suggest that clinical application of tizanidin-related ADE should be paid full attention to the occurrence of ADE such as potassium-wasting nephropathy and suicidally completed,as well as key populations such as women and patients of 40-64 years old.