Objective To analyze the relationship between serum Th1/Th2 cytokines levels and autoantibodies against thyroid, and explore the role of Th1/Th2 cellular immunity imbalance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases(AITD). Methods 21 patients with Graves'desease(GD), 18 cases with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT), 17 cases with non-toxic nodular goiter(NTNG) and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. The serum concentrations of their Th1 cytokines (IFN-?,IL-2) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4,IL-10) were assayed by ELISA. The serum levels of their thyrotropin receptor antibodies(TRAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies(TPOAb) were measured by routine methods. The relationship between the serum Th1, Th2 cytokines levels and serum TRAb, TGAb, TPOAb levels were analyzed. Results The serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in patients with GD were significantly higher than those in patients with HT,NTNG and healthy subjects(P

Objective To investigate the effects of pre-ischemic administration of L-NAME on brain protective effects of simvastatin against focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury in rats. Methods ① Animals were subjected to transient 2-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)with the use of the intraluminal filament method previously described by Zea Longa. ② 54 male rats were treated with simvastatin or vehicle by gavage two weeks before MCAO, and L-NAME was injected into laterar ventricle of rats 45 minutes before MCAO. After neurological deficit was assessed at 22 hours of reperfusion, rats were killed, and the brains were rapidly removed. The coronal sections of the brains were prepared and stained with 2% TTC, and the infarct volumes were determined. Another 54 male rats were performed as description above except that the brain tissues were made into homogenate at 22 hours of reperfusion, and the contents of lactic acid(LA) and MDA, and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the brain tissues were also measured. Results Administration of simvastatin significantly reduced the size of brain infarct, improved neurological deficits, decreased the contents of LA and MDA and increased the activities of SOD, but L-NAME could abrogate these effects. Conclutions L-NAME could abrogate the protection of simvastatin against ischemic/reperfusion injury,which may be by inhibiting the expression and activity of endothelial NO synthase(eNOS) up-regulated by simvastatin.

BACKGROUND: Changes of leukocytes are related with some postoperative complications after renal transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To observe dynamically the level of white blood cell (WBC) and its morphological changes using automatic blood cell analyzer to evaluate its relationship with infection, immunosuppressive intoxation and acute rejection. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Observation and controlled trial was performed at Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from June 2004 to October 2005. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-eight patients who received renal transplantation were selected. According to clinical symptoms and laboratory biochemical indexes, X-ray, B ultrasound, and renal puncture biopsy, the patients were divided into stable group (n=36), infection group (n=9), intoxation group (n=6) and acute rejection group (n=13). METHODS: The blood routine was tested with Sysmex XE-2100 automatic blood analyzer following renal transplantation and WBC manual differentiation was done to observe peripheral blood morphology, their liver function. In addition, renal and liver functions were detected by automatic biochemical system 7600A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: WBC count and its morphological changes in peripheral blood and liver and renal function after renal transplantation. RESULTS: WBC count of the stable group and intoxation group was normal, and that of the acute rejection group and infection group were significantly higher than the stable group (P

OBJECTIVE To analyze the significance of serum infectious markers in different sources and investigate the prevetion strategy of nosocomial infection in clinical laboratory. METHODS The serum infectious markers(HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and syphilis antibody) were detected in outpatient,inpatient and physical check-up people from Jun 2007 to Jun 2008. RESULTS The total percentage of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV or syphilis antibody positive in outpatient,inpatient and physical check-up people was 43.30%,13.56% and 7.26%,respectively.The positive rate of HBeAg in outpatient,inpatient and physical check-up people was 12.29%,1.78% and 0.71%,respectively.The average infection rate of syphilis was 1.75% in inpatients,but in inpatients above 60 years old it could be 3.75%.Twenty-one cases were reconfirmed of HIV positive by the reconfirmation laboratory of CDC in Human Province. CONCLUSIONS The positive rates of four serum infectious markers in outpatient or inpatient are markedly higher than that in physical check-up people(? 2=10 117.6,P

BACKGROUND:Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS),an acute infection with a mutant coronavirus,is characterized by acute pulmonary inflammatory injury accompanied by possible multiple organ injuries. Besides somatic symptoms,affective disorder constitutes an obvious neuropsychiatric symptom in SARS patients.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical features of SARS with neuropsychiatric involvement.DESIGN:A retrospective case analysis.SETTING:Department of Neurology,Department of Respiratory Diseases and Department of Radiology of Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.PARTICIPANTS:Totally 325 SARS patients treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the 8th People's Hospital of Guangzhou from February 2003 to May 2003 were involved,including 173cases who developed neuropsychiatric symptoms.METHODS:The clinical data of 325 of SARS including 173 cases with neuropsychiatric symptoms were retrospectively analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Clinical neuropsychiatric symptoms,ophthalmoscopic examination,and pathological findings in autopsy.RESULTS: ①The incidence of neuropsychiatric involvement was about 53.2% in SARS patients. The manifestations consisted mostly of headache (67.1%),dizziness(28.9%),conscious-ness disturbance(10.4%),mental disorder(4.6%), local orientational disorder(0.6%),seizures(1.2%),and affective disorders (30.6%);anxiety occurred in 20.2%,depression in 6.4%,suicidal tendency in 1.2%,and phobia in 7.5% of the patients with neuropsychiatric involvement. ②Among the 325 patients,56 were in critical condition of whom 47 had accompanying neuropsychiatric impairment,with significantly greater incidence than that in mild cases (P＜0.01). ③Ophthalmoscopic examination performed in 4 patients showed blurred margin of the optic disc with retinal venous congestion. ④Autopsy in 2 cases identified edema of the perivascular tissue and vascular wall of the small veins with mononuclear cell and lymphocyte infiltration,neuron degeneration and demyelination in focal brain tissues.CONCLUSION:The manifestations of neuropsychiatric involement can vary in association with the severity of SARS,and the typical pathological changes include edema,neuronal demyelination etc.in the brain.

Objective To identify etiological factors for non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) in elderly patients presenting to the emergency department.Methods A total of 97 elderly patients with NUD presenting to the emergency department from January 2011 to December 2013 were enrolled in the NUD group and 116 elderly people undergoing annual physical examinations served as the control group.Clinical data,including Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection,unhealthy living habits,anxiety,depression and regular intake,were collected and compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the NUP group showed a higher HP infection rate [70.1％ (68/97)vs.54.3％ (63/116),x2 =5.565,P＜0.05],a higher incidence of unhealthy living habits (unhealthy dietary habits,smoking,drinking,and lack of regular exercise) (P＜0.05),a higher incidence of suspect anxiety/anxiety and a higher incidence of regular intake [30.9％ (30/97) vs 10.3％ (12/116),x2=14.138,P＜0.05].SerumpepsinogenⅠ(PGⅠ) [(178.7±13.6) μg/L vs.(125.2±10.5)μg/L,t=1.971,P＜0.01] and serum pepsinogen Ⅱ(PG Ⅱ) [(28.8±5.3) μg/L vs.(14.7±3.8)μg/L,t=1.960,P＜0.01] levels were also higher in the elderly NUD patients than in the control group.Conclusions HP infection,unhealthy living habits,anxiety and/or depression,and regular intake are closely associated with NUD in the elderly.Serum PGⅠ and PGⅡ could be used as markers in screening for malignant lesions in elderly patients with dyspepsia.

Objective To investigate the influence of hypoxia on leptin expression in serum,CSF and brain tissue of C57BL/6J mice.Methods C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups:the normal control,24-hour hypoxia group and 48-hour hypoxia group.The latter two groups exposed to hypoxia in the man-made auto pressure and hypoxia control cabin(XQ-I).Radioimmunoassay was used to detect the leptin level.Results The leptin level in the serum,CSF and brain tissue of mice exposed to hypoxia were higher than that of normal control,but no difference was found between 24-hour hypoxia group and 48-hour hypoxia group.Conclusion Hypoxia probably induces the increasing of leptin expression in fat tissue,as well as in the central nervous system.

Objective To explore the related neurobiochemical mechanism by comparing the concentration change of dopamine (DA),dihydroxy-phenyl acetic acid (DOPAC),glutamate (Glu),and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain tissues in schizophrenia (SZ) developmental model rats and chronic medication model rats.Methods A total of 60 neonatal male Spragur-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups at the postnatal day 6:an SZ developmental rat model group (subcutaneous injection with MK-801 at the postnatal day 7-10,0.1 mg/kg,Bid),a chronic medication model group (intraperitoneal injection at the postnatal day 47-60,0.2 mg/kg,Qd),and a normal control group (injection with O.9％ normal saline during the corresponding periods).DA,DOPAC,Glu,and GABA of the tissue homogenate from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus were examined with Coularray electrochemic detection by high performance liquid chromatogram technique.The utilization rate of DA and Glu was calculated.Results Compared with the normal control group,the concentration of DA and DOPAC in the mPFC and the hippocampus in the SZ developmental model group significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ),and the GABA concentration and Glu utilization rate in the mPFC also decreased (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with the chronic medication model group,the DA concentration of the mPFC in the SZ developmental group decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ),and the DOPAC concentration and the utility rate of DA in the hippocampus also decreased (P ＜0.01,P ＜0.05,respectively).Conclusion The activities of DA,Glu and GABA system decrease in the mPFC and the DA system function reduces in the hippocampus of SZ developmental rats.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture in treating deglutition disorders after radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Method Forty nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with deglutition disorders after radiotherapy were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 20 in each group. The control group was intervened by nourishing nerve, improving microcirculation, promoting nerve growth factor, and physical rehabilitation. Based on the treatment given to the control group, the treatment group was additionally intervened by electroacupuncture. Water drinking test was adopted to evaluate the deglutition function before and after intervention, and the clinical efficacy was compared. Result After intervention, there was no significant difference in comparing the deglutition function between the two groups (P>0.05). The total effective rate was 80.0%in the treatment group versus 50.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture is an effective method in treating deglutition disorder after radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the effect of rehabilitation training on dysphagia and trismus in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.Methods Fony-three post-radiotherapy nasopharyngeal carcino-ma patients were divided into a rehabilitation group and a control group.Both groups were subjected to routine treat-ment,while the rehabilitation group received rehabilitation training in addition.The patients were assessed with a wa-ter-swallowing test of swallowing.Late effects of normal tissues/subjective and objective medical analysis(LENT/SOMA)scored and inter-incisor distance were measured to assess trismus before and after treatment.Results The rehabilitation group displayed significant improvement in swallowing as well as increased inter-incisor distance.Con-clusions Rehabilitation training can improve swallowing,prevent or delay trismus and improve the quality of life of patients.