Cerebrovascular diseases often complicated with sleep disorders, they are mainly associated with the lesion sites, and psychiatric and psychological factors. Attentions should be paid to the patients with cerebrovascular diseases complicated with sleep disorders. Actively finding out the cause of the disease, undergoing early treatment, and reducing complica-tions will help to improve the quality of life in patients. This article reviews the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of sleep disorders in patients with cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of esophageal pacing in termination of old patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia heartbeat.Methods A total of 68 elderly cases with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia heartbeat were given the esophageal pacing termination of therapy,who were treated with overdrive suppression method and a burst termination,and the clinical curative effect and adverse reaction in the two groups were observed.Results 34 cases were given overdrive suppression method,19 cases were successful,the success rate was 55.9％,the direct restoration of sinus rhythm includes 14 cases after the termination,accounting for 73.6％,heartbeat bradycardia occurred in 3 cases after termination,heart rate less than 50 beats per minute,and then disappeared.With a burst of 34 cases,31 cases were successful,the success rate was 91.2％,the direct restoration of sinus rhythm includes 25 cases after the termination,accounting for 80.6％,heartbeat bradycardia occurred in 4 cases after termination,heart rate less than 50 beats per minute,and then disappeared.Conclusion Esophageal pacing is an electrophysiological examination and treatment method with noninvasive,safe and effective advantages,the termination of PSVT has higher success rate,and it can distinguish between different types of PSVT.Compared with overdrive suppression method,burst terminate PSVT pulse method has higher success rate,it is worthy application in clinical.

Objective To reveal the relationship between the 5-HTTLPR and the Chinese Han nationality children with CA, compared the distribution of the 5-HTTLPR between the Han Chinese children with CA and healthy Han Chinese children ,and analyzed the association between the 5-HTTLPR and clinical symptoms of the Han Chinese children with CA. Methods Genomic DNAs of fifty subjects including 25 autistic children and 25 controls were extracted from blood samples. PCR amplification using Oligonucleotide primers flanking 5-HTTLPR was performed. Results ① Three kinds of alleles including the S (short) allele, the L (long) allele and the VL allele were found , and the 5-HTTLPR genotypes shown were S/S, L/L, S/L and L/VL. ② Allele frequencies did not differ significantly in patient groups in comparison with the control sample. No significant difference was identified between the observed 5-HTTLPR genotype distribution of the patient groups and control group. ③ The distribution of homozygous and heterozygous subjects between the two groups differed significantly. ④ The genotypes of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism correlated significantly with the Body Movement Factor. ⑤ The allele frequency of healthy Han Chinese population and that of healthy Japanese population were similar. The frequency of S allele in not only autistic subjects but also healthy children in this study was considerably more than that in Caucasians and the frequency of L allele in our subjects decreased correspondingly. Conclusion ① A significant difference in the allele frequency between the Han Chinese and Caucasian populations was found. ② The genotypes of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism correlated significantly with the Body Movement Factor of the patients. ③ The homozygote and the L allele were positively relevant to CA and they might be the risk factors of CA. The heterozygote and the S allele were negatively relevant to CA and they might be the protective factors of CA.

The target therapeutic agents of HER-2 extracellular ligand-binding domain have become the core of breast cancer research. A small peptide molecule and an anti-HER2 extracellular domain monoclonal antibody conjugated with protein toxins, radioisotopes, and chemotherapeutic drugs (immunoconjugate) can improve efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity. Vaccines based on HER-2 extracellular region should protect patients from HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer growth. In this review, studies on targeted-block therapies of the HER-2 extracellular ligand-binding domain in breast cancer were discussed to provide references for clinical applications.

Objective To observe before and after surgery plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) content changes in the children with congenital heart disease(CHD) combined severe pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH),and to explore the relationship with the pulmonary artery pressure.Methods Sixty cases patients with CHD in the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from June 2014 to January 2015 were selected,including 30 cases left to right shunt CHD with severe PHD,30 cases no PHD.The content of serum VEGF,TGF-β1,parallel echocardiographic estimates pulmonary artery mean pressure(PAMP) of all children were detected with preoperative and postoperative 24 h,7 d and 30d.Results PAMP of children with severe PAH before surgery was (60.29±8.48) mmHg and (48.36±5.25)mmHg of postoperative 24 h,(28.21±3.29) mmHg of 7 d after surgery,(25.21±2.09) mmHg of 30 d after surgery,the difference was statistically significant (F within the grouP=39.86,P＜0.001),and compared with no PHD group,the difference was significant ((14.26±1.78) mmHg,(14.30±1.92) mmHg,(13.31±1.02)mmHg;F between groups=46.01,P＜0.001).The levels of VEGF and TGF-β1 in severe PHD group were (808.90±41.37) ng/L and (1156.96±83.68) ng/L of before operation,(620.21±30.30) ng/L and (906.20±65.11) ng/L of postoperative 24 h,(454.49±21.48) ng/L and (826.23±35.11) ng/L of postoperative 7 d,(454.49±21.48) ng/L and (806.49±29.48) ng/L of postoperative 30 d,the differences were significant (Fwithin the grouP=43.73,P＜0.001;F within the grouP=65.41,P＜0.001),compared with no PHD group,the differences were significant (VEGF:(379.25±20.21) ng/L,(380.05±19.98) ng/L,(380.05±19.98) ng/L,F between groups =54.09,P＜0.001;TGF-β1:(728.56±29.93) ng/L,(728.11±25.26) ng/L,(727.05±24.99) ng/L,F between groups=83.05,P＜0.001).Conclusion Plasma VEGF and TGF-β1 level has correlation with pulmonary artery pressure,the severity evaluation of pulmonary hypertension and surgical curative effect has a certain significance.After surgery,severe PAH is still exist in a certain period in children with pulmonary hypertension,sufficient attention should be paid to strengthening treatment and follow-up.

Objective To investigate the effects of Compound Zhe Bei granule (CZBG) combined with doxorubicin on the expression of GST and Topo - Ⅱ in K562/A02 cell line multidrug resistance tumor xenografts in mice. Methods Tumor xenografts model was established by injecting the multidrug resistance cell line K562/A02 in the axillary flank of BALB/c - nu - nu mice. Drug - comgbination of CZBG intragastric administration and doxorubicin intraperitoneal injection ( i. p. ) was given to the BALB/c - nu nude mice. The tumor xenografts were made into slice after the dissection, and the expression of GST and Topo - Ⅱ in K562/A02 tumor xenografts in mice was investigated by immunohistochemical technique. The integral optical density (IOD) of GST and Topo- lⅡ in K562/A02 tumor xenografts was measured by Image ProPlus 6.0. Results Compared with the single treatment of doxorubicin i. p group,the combination of the doxorubicin and CZBG with dosage classified by three types( high, middle, low) can decrease IOD of GSH and Topo - Ⅱ in K562/A02 tumor xenografts with statistical significance( P

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect ofShengji-Yuhong ointment in the treatment of patients with pressure ulcer.Methods 86 patients of pressure ulcer were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 43 cases in each. After debridement, the wound was covered with vaseline gauze in the control group, whileShengji-Yuhong ointment in the treatment group. 10 days constituted 1 course of treatment, and both groups were treated for 3 courses. The blood supply of the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index detection; white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C reactive protein (CRP) were observed in order to observe the control condition of the patients with wound infection.Results The total effective rate was 95.3% (41/43) and 74.4% (32/43) in the observation group and control group respectively, with significant difference between two groups (χ2=5.800,P=0.016). After treatment, the whole blood viscosity (high-shea) (4.06 ± 1.38 mPa?svs. 4.74 ± 1.62 mPa?s,t=2.095), the whole blood viscosity (medium-shea) (3.71 ± 1.22 mPa?svs. 4.34 ± 1.41 mPa?s,t =2.216), blood reduction viscosity (1.13 ± 0.22 mPa?svs.1.44 ± 0.51 mPa?s,t=3.660), the whole blood viscosity (medium-shea) (4.16 ± 0.48 mPa?svs. 4.51 ± 0.89 mPa?s,t=2.270) obviously compared with group before treatment decreased (P<0.05). The patients in the observation group in the whole blood viscosity (medium-shea) (3.71 ± 1.22 mPa?svs. 4.16 ± 0.48 mPa?s,t=2.251), and blood reduction viscosity (1.13 ± 0.22 mPa?svs. 1.32 + 0.31 mPa?s,t=3.278) in the observation group were  obvious better than the control group (P<0.05). After the treatment the WBC, CRP, ESR in the observation group were decreased significantly than the control group (t=5.947, 7.198, 12.064,P<0.01).ConclusionShengji-Yuhong ointment can effectively control the PU infection in the wound, improve wound tissue under the blood circulation, and promote wound healing.

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive ability in patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) after ischemic stroke.Methods Forty five ischemic stroke survivors with MCI but not meeting the criterion for diagnosis as dementia were recruited, and were randomly assigned into an rTMS group (32 patients) and a control group (30 patients) according to a random number table.Both groups received the routine drug therapy of medicine and cognitive function training, and the rTMS group was additionally given rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex at 5 Hz and 80％ motor threshold.The treatments lasted for 4 weeks.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and auditory event related potential (ERP) were tested for both group before and after the treatment.Results After the treatment, two groups showed significant improvements in the average score of MoCA compared to that before the treatment, and that of the rTMS group was significantly higher than that of the control group.For both groups, the P300 latency shortened and the amplitude increased after the treatment.Moreover, the latency and amplitude of the rTMS group increased to 355.67 ± 16.43 ms and 8.69 ± 1.65 μV, respectively, after the treatment, significantly shortened and lengthened than that of the control group [(372.76 ± 23.35 ms and 7.03 ± 3.04 μV), respectively].Conclusions rTMS can significantly improve the cognitive ability of ischemic stroke survivors in a relatively safe way.

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive ability of patients after ischemic stroke. Methods 45 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) after ischemic stroke were randomly assigned into control group (n=22) and observation group (n=23). Both groups received routine drugs and cognitive training. The observation group received rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (5 Hz, 80% motor threshold) in addition for 4 weeks. Results The score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), P300 latencies and amplitudes improved after treatment in both groups (P<0.001), and were better in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The MoCA score was negatively related with P300 latency (r=-0.851, P<0.05). There was no severe adverse effect during the treatment. Conclusion rTMS could improve the cognitive ability of patients with MCI after stroke, with little side effect.

Objective To test using musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) to observe uncovertebral joints (UJs) and to explain the ultrasound images of UJs and their adjacent tissues,especially the vertebral artery (VA).Methods MSUS was used first with human skeletons and cadavers to localize the UJs and VA on the MSUS images with the aid of implanted needles.MSUS was then used with a patient clinically diagnosed with cervical spondylosis of the vertebral artery type (CSA) to detail the image of a normal UJ and its relationship with the adjacent tissues,especially the VA.Whether there was a lateral spur from the uncinate process (UP) was assessed to try to establish a method for measuring osteophytes.Results During the examination the patient was in supine,the neck was elevated 15cm with a pillow and was at 45 degrees of rotation to the contralateral side.The probe was placed at the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.When the longitudinal section of the common carotid artery was shown,the probe was slowly moved laterally until the VA first appeared,and then was moved up along the VA.Once the VA entered the transverse foramen,moving the probe slightly allowed the UJ behind the VA to be seen between two transverse processes.The UJ thus lies between two transverse processes,that is,between the lateral margins of two vertebral bodies and outside the intervertebral disc.The echo of the lateral border of the UP is on a straight line with the echo of the lateral margin of the vertebral body,with the VA in front of the line.It was noticed that the image of a UP with lateral osteophyte formation crossed the line and reached closer to the VA.The transverse diameter of the UJ was measured as the distance from a line cutting the lateral cortical margin of the cervical vertebra to the outer cortical margin of the lateral UP.Conclusion MSUS can clearly show the UJ and its adjacent tissues,especially the VA.It can be used to assess and measure UJs with lateral osteophyte formation.