Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and analyze the factors related to diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) so as to provide theoretical evidence for early diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis complicated with T2DM. Methods According to their BMD values, patients were divided into OP group and non-OP group. Then we compared differences in sex, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FIns), insulin sensitivity index (ISI), quantitative of urinary albumin (ALb), quantitative of urinary protein in 24 hours, serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and alkali phosphatase level (ALP), and made correlation analysis. Results Compared with those in non-OP group, patients in OP group had older age, longer disease course, smaller baric index, lower bone density, higher alkali phosphatase, lower insulin sensitivity index, higher glycosylated hemoglobin, higher quantitative of urinary protein in 24 hours and urinary microprotein, which were significantly different according to t-test (P<0.05). However, the levels of fasting plasma glucose, serum phosphorus and serum calcium did not differ obviously. BMD of type 2 diabetes was negatively correlated to age, disease course, glycosylated hemoglobin, quantitative of urinary protein in 24 hours, ALb and ALP, but positively correlated to BMI and ISI, and had no correlation with serum calcium, serum phosphorus and fasting plasma glucose. Conclusion Many factors, such as older age, low body weight, long duration of the disease, high level of blood sugar, insulin dysfunction, low insulin sensitivity, high serum alkaline phosphatase and diabetic nephropathy, contribute to osteoporosis in T2DM.

Objective:To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of mental violence in intimate partner violence.Methods:A total of 900 people, who aged 18 to 65 with marriage or love experience, were selected from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region using stratification cluster method. A self-designed questionnaire for general information, the brief conflict tactics scale 2 (CTS-2), perceived stress scales (PSS) and personality diagnostic questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+ ) were used for questionnaire investigation. The influencing factors of mental violence were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis model using SPSS 17.0 software.Results:The scores of CTS-2, PPS and PDQ-4+ were (21.46±6.38), (42.48±18.91), and (3.05±0.62), respectively. In the past one year, the incidence of abusing partners, emotional violence, destroying each other's goods and threatening to hit each other in mental violence were 41.67% (375/900), 33.44% (301/900), and 8.44% (76/900), respectively. Based on the scores of three items, the incidence of mental violence was 55.44% (499/900). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed age≤29 ( β=0.57, OR=2.53, 95% CI=1.11-5.99), male ( β=0.64, OR=3.68, 95% CI=1.22-4.56), rural ( β=0.12, OR=2.49, 95% CI=1.17-5.36), moderate and severe drinking ( β=0.33, OR=2.87, 95% CI=2.57-6.63), higher perceived stress level ( β=0.51, OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.03-1.09), personality factors deviate ( β=0.43, OR=2.26, 95% CI=2.13-2.39), lower marital satisfaction ( β=0.18, OR=2.05, 95% CI=1.03-8.76), behavior control over partner ( β=0.16, OR=2.55, 95% CI=1.68-3.69), economic control over partners ( β=0.19, OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.28-1.55) were risk factors of mental violence in intimate partner violence, while individual opposed attitude towards violence ( β=0.29, OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.80-0.94) was the protective factor of mental violence in intimate partner violence. Conclusion:The annual incidence of mental violence is high. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the young, male, rural and personality deviant people. The incidence of mental violence may be reduced by reducing the individual's perceived stress level, drinking level, behavior control and economic control over partners, and strengthening the marital satisfaction and the individual's opposition to violence.

Objective To evaluate the quality of diet among rural residents in Hanzhong, Shaanxi province and to investigate the relative factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey on dietary status together with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were conducted among rural residents aged between 18 and 80 in Hanzhong of Shaanxi,in 2010. Quality of diet was evaluated by using DBI-07 scoring and evaluating system. Linear regression models were developed to identify factors related to under or over intakes. Results 2 241 rural residents were under study. 65%of the residents’daily intake of grains,oil and salt exceeded the RNI while animal food,diary food,eggs, vegetables and fruits were under,to some extent. The average values of DBI_LBS and DBI_HBS were 24.83 and 5.70. The proportions of moderate under-intake (25≤DBI_LBS≤36) and moderate over-intake(14≤DBI_HBS≤19)were 33.4%and 51.0%. Factors as family number,education level, fortune index,physical activity,higher labor intensity seemed to be protective for dietary under intake (P<0.05). Moderate fortune index,drinking alcohol(more than once a week),being male,age and smoking status(>15 cigarettes per day)were risk factors for over-intake of diet(P<0.05). Factors as larger family size and having had education above the levels senior school were significantly and negatively associated with the over-intake of diet (P<0.05). Conclusion The main diet problem among the rural residents was related to under-intaken but over-intake did exist to some extents. Our study results called for specific intervention in improving the quality of diet among the residents in Hanzhong.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the quality of diet among rural residents in Hanzhong, Shaanxi province and to investigate the relative factors.

METHODSA cross-sectional survey on dietary status together with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were conducted among rural residents aged between 18 and 80 in Hanzhong of Shaanxi, in 2010. Quality of diet was evaluated by using DBI-07 scoring and evaluating system. Linear regression models were developed to identify factors related to under or over intakes.

RESULTS2 241 rural residents were under study. 65% of the residents' daily intake of grains, oil and salt exceeded the RNI while animal food, diary food, eggs, vegetables and fruits were under, to some extent. The average values of DBI_LBS and DBI_HBS were 24.83 and 5.70. The proportions of moderate under-intake (25≤DBI_LBS≤36) and moderate over-intake (14≤DBI_HBS≤19)were 33.4% and 51.0%. Factors as family number, education level, fortune index, physical activity, higher labor intensity seemed to be protective for dietary under intake (P < 0.05). Moderate fortune index, drinking alcohol (more than once a week), being male, age and smoking status(>15 cigarettes per day)were risk factors for over-intake of diet (P < 0.05). Factors as larger family size and having had education above the levels senior school were significantly and negatively associated with the over-intake of diet (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe main diet problem among the rural residents was related to under-intaken but over-intake did exist to some extents. Our study results called for specific intervention in improving the quality of diet among the residents in Hanzhong.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcohol Drinking ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; statistics & numerical data ; Diet Surveys ; Edible Grain ; Educational Status ; Family Characteristics ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Vegetables ; Young Adult

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the classical prescriptions Dahuang-Huanglian-Xiexin decoction combined with conventional western medicine on the lipid metabolism disorder and changes of intestinal microflora in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 120 patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into the two group according to the treatment order, with 60 patients in each group. Both groups were given conventional hypoglycemic therapy, the control group was given bifidobacteria lactobacillus triple viable tablets, and the treatment group was given Dahuang-Huanglian-Xiexin decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated with 14 days for one course and 4 courses in total. The number of gram-positive coccus (G+c), gram-negative coccus (G-c), gram-positive bacillus (G+b) and gram-negative bacillus (G-b) in each 500 bacteria were observed under oil microscope, and the cocci/bacillus ratio were calculated. The TC and TG were detected by oxidase method, and HDL and LDL were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The FPG, 2 hPG and HbA1c were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. TCM symptom scores were calculated. Results: After treatment, the abdominal distension, congestion discomfort, and constipation score were significantly lower than the control group (t values were 3.685, 3.551 and 3.708, respectively, all Ps<0.05); Serum TG, TC and LDL-c levels were significantly lower than the control group (t values were 3.602, 3.581 and 3.421, respectively, all Ps<0.05); HDL-c level was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=3.358, P=0.046); Serum FPG, 2 hPG and HbA1c levels were significantly lower than the control group (t values were 3.502, 3.271 and 3.708, respectively, all Ps<0.05). After treatment, the G-c (271.47/500 ± 22.63/500 vs. 266.81/500 ± 22.36/500, t=3.792), G+b (81.26/500 ± 6.52/500 vs. 73.19/500 ± 6.94/500, t=3.511), G-b (183.76/500 ± 16.19/500 vs. 164.37/500 ± 15.83/500, t=3.306) levels in the treatment group significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, both c/b levels was (0.65 ± 0.13 vs. 0.87 ± 0.21, t=3.325) decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions Dahuang-Huanglian-Xiexin decoction combined with conventional western medicine can improve the clinical symptoms of T2DM patients, reduce blood glucose and lipid levels, and inhibit the body mass and improve insulin resistance by adjusting the structure of intestinal flora, increasing probiotics and reducing pathogenic bacteria.