Objective To Investigate the dynamics of the parameters in the immune system,including T cell,NK cell sub-populations and cytokines,on the experimental endometriosis model in rhesus,in order to study the immunity-related profile in endometriosis.Materials Six female healthy rhesuses with regular menstrual cycle were selected,among them,five for experiment and one as control.During day 8-15 of menstruation,or day 3-5 after the midcycle estrogen peak,the endometrium and the greater omentum were implanted into the extra-uterine pelvic cavity in the experimental group and the control group,respectively.Samples of sera were collected at the time of 8th and 16th day of every menstruation after the implantation.An exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy was undertaken during the period from day 8 to day 15 of the menstruation in the 2nd month and the 4th month after the implantation for observation of the occurrence of endometriosis.Methods Flow cytometer(FCM),radioimmuno-assay(RIA),electrochemiluminescence(ECL) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were used to detect the dynamics of the expression levels of CD3,CD4,CD8,CD16 and activity of NK cells,the dynamics of the IgG、IgM,of cytokines,including TNF-a、IL-6、IL-8、CA125、HGF and ICAM-1 in peripheral blood of rhesus pre-operation and during the three months of post operation.Results Cellular immune function declined in the rhesus endometriosis model,showing from the changes of the CD3、CD4、NK(CD16) ratios,CD4/CD8 ratio and decrease of the NK cell activity;For the humoral immunity,no significant changes occurred in the levels of IgG、IgM,with little decline.5 During the 4-month period post-operation,the levels of CA125 rised gradually,ICAM-1 and HGF increased significantly,IL-8 increased slightly,TNF and IL-6 increased markedly in rhesuses that formed endometriosis.Conclusion This experiment shows what we observed in human patients for the immunological system changes could also be reproduced in the rhesus model.Therefore such a model can be used in the future to test the interference of the immune system to tackle his medical problem.Finally we found the oncogenis marker CA125 shows a gradual increase during the disease course therefore it can be used for prognosis of the disease.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the KCNN4 gene and KPTN gene contribute to a Chinese non-syndromic hearing loss pedigree linked to DFNA4 with positional candidate approach. METHODS The complete coding region of the two genes were amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and bidirectional sequencing of the PCR products was subsequently applied in the 36 family members to identify the possible mutations or polymorphisms in the candidate genes. RESULTS Sequence analysis of coding regions and splice sites of the two candidate genes in 36 members including 12 hearing-impaired individuals in family Z002 failed to demonstrate any deafness-causing mutations of KCNN4 gene. There was one heterozygous mutation identified in exon10 coding sequence (942C/T) of KPTN gene, which did not result in amino acid change (P302P) as a repoerted synonymous SNP site (rs2293424). This SNP site did not cosegregate with the phenotype of family Z002. CONCLUSION Our study excluded the two candidates, KCNN4 and KPTN , as the causative genes involved in this Chinese DFNA4 pedigree.

AIM To observe the clinical role for Supplemented Xijiao Powder (Bubali cornu,Coptidis Rhizoma,Cimicifugae Rhizoma,etc.) in management of hepatitis B virus (HBV) associated acute-on-chronic liver failure.METHOD Seventy-five patients,including the ones receiving internal medicine treatment,were divided into control group and experimental group.The experimental group received conventional treatment and additionally took Supplemented Xijiao Powder for one month.The clinical symptoms and signs were observed.Levels of ALT,AST,TBIL,ALB,CHE,PTA were measured,and the incidence of liver failure was evaluated.RESULTS Supplemented Xijiao Powder could improve symptoms,signs and the level of PTA.The incidence of liver failure tended to reduce.The comparison of other indexes had no marked difference.CONCLUSION Supplemented Xijiao Powder has a certain therapeutic effect on HBV associated prioracute-on-chronic liver failure.Its mechanism may be related to blocking the occurrence of liver failure.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of GJB2 ,SLC26A4 and mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA m .1555A>G(mtDNA 1555A>G) mutations in Hui ethic group patients with nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) from Northwest China .Methods A total of 420 peripheral blood samples were collected from unrelated Hui ethic group probands with NSHL in Northwest China .Amplified the target gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) af-ter extracting genomic DNA from whole blood .The mtDNA 1555A>G mutation was detected by PCR -Alw26I di-gestion ,then direct sequencing was used to the positive samples of mtDNA 1555A> G ,the coding region of GJB2 gene ,exon 8 and 19 of SLC26A4 gene .Results There were 11(2 .62% ) cases caused by mtDNA 1555A>G homo-zygous mutation in 420 patients with NSHL .There were 41(9 .76% ) cases including homozygote and compound het-erozygote ,caused by GJB2 gene mutation ,which was the most frequent deafness -related gene .The allel frequency of c .235delC accounted for 6 .90% ,as well as the most frequent(51 .33% ) mutational pattern in GJB2 gene .There were 20 patients(4 .76% ) were found carring two allel mutations in SLC26A4 gene .The allel frequency of c .919 -2A>G was 5 .0% ,accounting for a total of 68 .85% in all base alterations of SLC26A4 gene ,which was the major mutant form of SLC26A4 gene .Conclusion GJB2 gene is the most common deafness -gene in Hui ethnic group pa-tients with NSHL from Northwest China ,while c .235delC is the main mutant form ,and c .919-2A>G is the hot-spot mutation of SLC26A4 gene .Through this study we can provide the molecular epidemiology basis for Hui ethnic group patients with NSHL from Northwest China in genetic diagnosis ,genetic counseling and therapy by associated testing of three frequent hearing loss genes .

Objective: To investigate the clinical outcome of microfat injection on facial hypertrophic scar treatment. Methods: A total of 22 patients had facial hypertrophic scar were treated with microfat injection. The microfat was injected into the scar three times for each case, with an interval of 2 months. The severity of scar was evaluated preoperatively and 1-month postoperatively, using modified Vancouver scar score, to evaluate the efficacy. Results: Postoperative infection occurred in 1 case, and no further microfat injection was performed on him/her. All the other 21 cases have relieved cicatricial hyperemia, with the scar softening and flattening. The symptom of itching and pain were alleviated as well. The overall effective rate was 95.45%. The score of modified Vancouver scar scale was reduced from 12.82±2.15 preoperatively, to 7.05±1.76 6 months after the treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions The microfat injection can effectively improve the color and texture of the facial hypertrophic scar, and reduce the symptoms of itching and pain. It is a new choice for the treatment for hypertrophic scar.

Objective:To explore the effect of preliminary application of a surgical microscope with a measuring system in measurement of the outer diameter of blood vessels in the super-microsurgical model of chicken wing.Methods:From November 2022 to January 2023, 12 chicken wing models were established by having the main blood vessels of chicken wings dissected and separated. Outer diameter of blood vessels were measured by the surgical microscope with an installed measuring system and a digital vernier calliper. Results of the 2 measuring methods and measuring time were compared. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data. The comparison between the 2 measuring methods with continuity data consistent with the homogeneity of normal distribution variance was performed by paired t test, and expressed by Mean ± SD. The difference between the 2 measuring methods was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Results:Results measured by the microscope with a measuring system and a digital vernier calliper were 1.29 mm± 0.08 mm and 1.28 mm± 0.07 mm for chicken wing brachial artery, 1.11 mm± 0.11 mm and 1.09 mm ± 0.11 mm for radial artery, 0.98 mm± 0.09 mm and 0.99 mm± 0.12 mm for ulnar artery, 0.63 mm ± 0.06 mm and 0.64 mm± 0.07 mm for dorsal metacarpal artery, and 0.39 mm± 0.06 mm and 0.40 mm± 0.09 mm for palmar artery, respectively. No significant difference was found between the 2 measuring methods ( P>0.05). The time of measurement for the 2 measuring methods was 5.90 s± 1.12 s and 8.86 s± 1.74 s, respectively. The time for the microscope with a measuring system was less, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion:It is accurate, convenient and intuitive to use a surgical microscope installed with a measuring system to measure the outer diameter of tinny vessels. It is worth to popularise and apply the surgical microscope equipped with a measuring system in super-microsurgery.

Objective:Lung ultrasound (LUS) has been used in the diagnosis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) successfully, but there have been no multicenter prospective studies to verify its reliability or determine how to grade RDS with LUS findings.This study aimed to discuss the necessity and feasibility of using LUS findings to determine RDS grades through a multicenter prospective study.Methods:Every researcher participated in the National Neonatal Lung Ultrasound Training Course and receiving 3-6 months of lung ultrasound system training at the National Neonatal Lung Ultrasound Training Center.Patients between June 2018 and May 2020 who met the RDS ultrasound diagnostic criteria and had full available clinical data were included in this study.The LUS examination was completed immediately after the patients were admitted to the hospital.Some of them also underwent chest X-ray examination.Arterial blood gas analysis was completed immediately before or after the LUS ultrasound examination.RDS grading was performed according to the LUS findings and whether the patient had serious complications.Results:A total of 275 qualifying cases were included in this study, which included 220 premature infants and 55 full-term infants, and the primary RDS occurred in 117 cases (42.5%), and secondary RDS occurred in 158 cases (57.5%). LUS manifestations of RDS patients can be divided into three categories: (1)A ground-glass opacity sign: which could be found among 50 infants when they were admitted to the hospital (that was, at their first LUS examination). Twenty-eight of these infants were considered to have wet lungs and were not sent for special management on admission, but LUS showed typical snowflake-like lung consolidation within 0.5 to 4 hours.Twenty-two of them were given mechanical ventilation with exogenous pulmonary surfactant; Eighteen cases were controlled within 6-12 hours, but the lung lesions became more severe in the other 4 infants (due to severe intrauterine infection). (2)Snowflake-like lung consolidations: the first LUS on admission showed typical snowflake-like lung consolidation involving areas ranging from 1-2 intercostal spaces to 12 lung divisions in 204 cases.Thirty-eight infants among them the lung consolidation only had involvement of 1-2 intercostal spaces at the time of admission; Fifteen of them received invasive respiratory support and recovered within 4-12 hours.Twelve patients received noninvasive respiratory support; Seven of them recovered, while five cases developed severe lung illness.The remaining 11 patients who were not given any form of ventilator support developed severe conditions within 1-4 hours.Thirty of them showed snowflake signs involving 12 lung regions at admission.The remaining 136 patients had lung consolidation degree between the two degree above condition.(3)Snowflake-like sign with complications: Twenty-one patients had severe complications such as pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage or/and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn or large area atelectasis, etc, although snowflake lung consolidation did not involve all lung regions.Conclusion:(1) LUS is reliable and accurate for diagnosing RDS.RDS has the same characteristics on ultrasound for both preterm and full-term infants, both primary and secondary RDS.(2) To facilitate the management of RDS, it is necessary to classify RDS according to the ultrasound findings and the presence of severe complications.(3) Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that RDS can be divided into mild, moderate and severe degrees.The exact standards for grading are as follows: Mild RDS: the early stage of RDS, in which lung consolidation shows as a ground-glass opacity sign on ultrasound; Moderate RDS: lung consolidation shows a snowflake sign on ultrasound, not all of the lung fields are involved; Severe RDS meets one or more of the following criteria: lung consolidation shows as a snowflake sign on ultrasound and all lung regions are involved, or regardless of its degree and extent, lung consolidation has caused serious complications, such as pulmonary hemorrhage, pneumothorax, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, or/and a large area of pulmonary atelectasis.

OBJECTIVE: This study is to investigate the clinical materials of in-patients with the large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS), and explore the feature, diagnosis and treatment measures of the disease. METHOD: A retrospective review was conducted including the medical history, audiological examinations, vestibular function examinations, imaging examinations and treatment methods of 44 in patients (87 ears) suffering LVAS admitted to our hospital in the past 4 years(from 2008 to 2012). RESULT: ln the 44 in patients, there were 24 male cases and 20 female cases, and the male-female ratio was 1.2 :1. The average of the onset age was 3.39 years. Five cases (11. 36%) had related familial history. The profound hearing loss was found in 67 ears (77.01%), and the severe hearing loss was found in 20 ears (22.99%). After systemic treatment,the hearing of 38 ears improved effectively,but that of 49 ears did not improve obviously. The analysis found that patients suffering sudden hearing loss got better curative effect than those with progressive hearing loss. Patients received combined drug therapy improving arterial circulation as well as venous reflux got better therapeutic effect. There was a significant difference on effect between the patients with course of treatment more than 7 days and those less than 7 days. There was no significant correlation between therapeutic effect and other factors. CONCLUSION In part of LVAS patients,the hearing level can be effectively improved through a standard internal medicine treatment. We can improve the personalized and standardized treatment strategy for this disease through analysis of diagnosis and treatment of in-patients with complete clinical data.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Inpatients ; Male ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; abnormalities ; Vestibular Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDThe mutation frequencies of three common deafness genes (MT-RNR1 m.1555A>G, GJB2, and SLC26A4) among patients with nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL) were different in previous studies. Inconsistent selection criteria for recruiting patients could have led to differences in estimating the frequencies of genetic mutations thus resulting in different mutation frequencies among these studies. The aim of this study was to reveal the differences in the mutation spectrums of the three common genes between familial and sporadic Chinese Han patients.

METHODSTotally, 301 familial probands and 703 sporadic patients with NSHL were enrolled in this study. Three genes, MT-RNR1 m.1555A>G, GJB2, and SLC26A4, were screened for mutation in our study cohort. A χ(2) test was performed to compare the mutation frequencies between the two groups.

RESULTSThe study showed that the disease-causing mutation frequencies of MT-RNR1 m.1555A>G, GJB2, and SLC26A4 were 12.29%, 14.62%, and 18.27% in familial probands and 3.56%, 18.63%, and 18.92% in sporadic patients, respectively. The mutation frequency of MT-RNR1 m.1555A>G in familial probands was significantly higher than in sporadic patients (χ(2) test, P = 0.000), while there were no significant differences in the mutation frequencies of GJB2 and SLC26A4 between the familial and sporadic groups (χ(2) test, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIt is necessary to reveal the differences in gene mutation frequencies between patients of different sources or characteristics by comparative studies in order to avoid selection bias. The mutations of GJB2, SLC26A4, and MT-RNR1 m.1555A>G are the most important etiological factors in Chinese Han patients, among which SLC26A4 might be the most frequent.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; genetics ; Young Adult