The premature ovarian failure(POF) may be inherited as an X-linked condition.Among genetic causes,X monosomy or X deletions and translocations are known to be responsible for POF.The X chromosome disorders such as mutations of the human bone morphogenetic protein-15 gene,the zinc finger protein gene,the X-inactivation-specific transcript gene,the drosophila melanogaster diaphanous gene,the X 2 linked aminopeptidaseP enzyme gene,the fragile X mental retardation gene are associated with POF.

Objective To investigate the outcome of damage control sugery in patients with acute superior mesenteric occlusion (ASMO).Methods Seventeen patients with acute superior mesenteric occlusion from June 2008 to May 2012 were reviewed retrospectively.Diagnosis was confirmed by CT and/or DSA.Patients were divided into two groups:seven patients in damage control group (shortening surgical time,bowel exteriorization,temporary abdominal closure) ; ten patients in conventional surgical treatment group.The treatment outcomes of the two groups were compared.The survival of all patients was followed up for 6 months to 5 years at outpatient clinic.Results The overall mortality rate was (5/17) and surgical complications rate was (8/17).Operation time was (97 ±42) min and (236 ± 137) min(t =-4.72,P ＜0.01,P ＜ 0.05) respectively in damage control group and conventional surgical treatment group.Intestine resection length was (114 ± 94) cm and (229 ± 93) cm (t =-2.49,P =0.03,P ＜ 0.05) respectively.Complications rate was (1/7) and (7/10) (Fisher's dxact test P =0.05,P ≤0.05) respectively; mortality was (1/7) and (4/10) (Fisher's dxact test P =0.34,P ＞ 0.05) respectively.Conclusions Although damage control does not significantly reduce mortality,but the rational use of damage control can effectively reduce operation time,shorten intestine resection length and decrease surgical complications.

Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the four DNA extraction methods according to the endophytic diversity in the roots, stems, and leaves of mulberry analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) , and by taking the yield, purity and PCR amplification as indexes. Methods Four common methods, i.e., cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide ( CTAB) , sterile phosphate buffered saline (SPBS) vibration, liquid nitrogen grinding (LNG) , and KIT methods, were used to extract the total DNA from different tissues of mulberry, and then were compared based on the diversity analysis results for endophyte by PCR-DGGE. Results From the roots and stems of mulberry, we got the highest concentration of DNA by LNG extraction method, and got the lowest concentration by SPBS extraction method. But for the leaves of mulberry, the results of the four extraction methods were completely opposite to those for the roots and stems. For different tissues of mulberry, the purity of DNA extracted by KIT method was the best. According to the endophytic bacteria diversity analyzed by 16S rDNA PCR-DGGE, the appropriate method for extraction of DNA was LNG or CTAB, but was not KIT. And according to the results of endophytic fungi diversity analyzed by ITS PCR-DGGE, the best extraction method was KIT, and the unsuited methods varied from the tissues of mulberry. Conclusion The optimum DNA extraction method for mulberry varies from the tissues of mulberry and endophtic bacteria.

Objective To evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with drug therapy on patients with delayed encephalopathy caused by carbon monoxide poisoning ( COP). Methods Twenty to forty sessions of HBO therapy were used to treat 34 COP patients. Assessment relied on 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer (~(99m)Tc-ECD) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of cerebral perfusion before and after treatment. Results After HBO therapy, cerebral perfusion in the COP patients improved significantly. There was a significant difference of the SPECT images before and after treatment. Conclusions SPECT imaging of cerebral perfusion can play an important role in the diagnosis of delayed encephalopathy caused by carbon monoxide poisoning, and it can be used for the therapeutic surveillance of HBO treatment.

Objective This epidemiologic survey aims to investigate the changes in prevalence and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)in the elderly people who are living within Pudong San-lin region.Methods We retrospectively analyzed annual physical check-up data in 2012 and 2014 for elderly people living in this region (aged≥70years).Demographic variables including age,sex,blood pressure,body mass index (BMI)were recorded.Serum fasting glucose level was determined and liver and kidney function were assessed.Abdominal echo-Doppler examination was performed.NAFLD was diagnosed according to Chinese guideline on management of NAFLD (revised version).Results Among 2127 sub-jects with physical check-up in 2012,the occurrence rate of NAFLD was 27.46% (23.02% and 31.02%for men and women,respectively).Type 2 diabetes was detected in 224 subjects and 33.93% of them de-veloped NAFLD (26.73% and 39.84% for males and females,respectively).Among 1771 subjects who received physical check-up in 2014,the occurrence rate of NAFLD increased up to 32.29%,with NAFLD rate being 29.97% and 34.19% for men and women,respectively.In 185 subjects with type 2 diabetes, 49.19% developed NAFLD (47.56% and 50.49% for men and women,respectively).Thus,compared with the findings during physical check-up in 2012,the occurrence rate of NAFLD was significantly in-creased during physical check-up in 2014 for both male and female subjects of overall and diabetic popula-tions (P <0.05 for all comparisons).Further analysis showed that for 185 diabetic patients who had phys-ical check-up in 2014,systolic and diastolic blood pressures,BMI,and serum levels of fasting glucose lev-el,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total cholesterol,and triglyceride were significant-ly higher in patients with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD (all P <0.05).Multivariate regression a-nalysis revealed that BMI,total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were independent risk factors for occur-rence of NAFLD in diabetic patients.Conclusions This epidemiologic survey demonstrates a significant increase in the occurrence rate of NAFLD for the elderly people (especially with type 2 diabetes).Hyper-lipidemia,obesity,and hypertension are major risk factors for NAFLD in diabetic patients.

Objective:To investigate the role of C3a,C5a and their receptors in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Methods:A total of twenty-eight 6-8 weeks old female BALB/c mice were investigated.And they were negative control group , WT group,C3aR-/-group,C5aR-/-group(the latter three groups were named as experimental groups ),seven mice in each group.All the mice were infected through respiratory tract with infectious SV (experimental groups) or PBS(negative control group),combined with tail vein challenge to make IgAN animal model.Testing 24 h total urinary protein , serum urea nitrogen ( BUN ) and creatinine ( Cr ) , using direct immunofluorescence to test the renal deposition of IgA and C 3,observing renal pathologic lesion under PAS staining with light microscopy.RT-qPCR was used to test the relative mRNA expression of TNF-α,TGF-β,IL-1β,IL-6,MCP-1.Results: After 15 weeks,the level of UTP in experimental group was significantly higher than negative control group ,and the same results as WT group than C3aR-/-group and C5aR-/-group.There was no significant difference among groups for BUN and Cr.Combined with negative control group , experimental groups had significant renal pathological lesions , and the changes of WT group was more severe than C3aR-/-group and C5aR-/-group.The results of relative mRNA expression of TNF-α,TGF-β,IL-1β,IL-6,MCP-1 was the same as the level of 24 h UTP,at the same time,the relative mRNA expression of IL-1β,IL-6,MCP-1 in C3aR-/-group was significantly less than C5aR-/-group.Conclusion:The deficiency of C3a/C5a receptors can protect kidney from injury in IgAN ,and C3a receptor has more significant role in protect kidney from injury in IgAN.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of taurine on oxidative stress and calcium overload induced by cerebral cortex contusion.METHODS:SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group,brain contusion model group,taurine groups(high dose,middle dose and low dose respectively),and nimodipine group.After being fed with corresponding drugs for7days,all rats were subjected to modeling by brain contusion.For intracellular calcium detection,rats were sacrificed2h after modeling,and the brain slices were prepared to fluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy detection.For the detection of oxidative stress,rats were sacrificed24h after modeling,the cortex of contusion side was homogenated and then the activity of superoxide dis?mutase(SOD)and content of malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected through biochemical method.RESULTS:Compared with model group,all taurine groups were shown to have markedly less MDA and intracellular calcium content,and the high dose group had markedly stronger SOD activity.CONCLUSION:Taurine is effective in counteracting the oxidative stress and calcium overload caused by brain contusion.

Bombyx mori bidensovirus (BmBDV) has been identified as causing chronic densonucleosis in Bombyx mori specifically. The replication mechanism of BmBDV remains unknown. Its genome comprises two single stands DNA (VD1 and VD2). In order to rescue infectious virions in vitro, we obtained the total viral DNA extracted from the BmBDV-infected larvae midguts, subsequently cloned the full-length sequence of BmBDV genome fragments by PCR and constructed recombinant plasmids pMD18T-VD1 and pUC-VD2. The linear genome fragments were obtained by digesting recombinant plasmids with corresponding restriction enzymes, and then collectively transfected BmN cells by the method of liposome-embedding. We determined the replication of the virus gene by PCR with the template of demethylated total DNA extracted from the post-transfect BmN cells. Meanwhile, we collected the total proteins from the post-transfect BmN cells and the larvae midgut of feeding the post-transfect BmN cells to perform Western blotting analysis, and detected the expression of viral genes. Here we firstly confirm that infectious virions can be rescued in BmN cells by linear co-transfect method.
Animals ; Bombyx ; DNA, Viral ; Densovirus ; growth & development ; Larva ; Transfection ; Virion ; Virus Cultivation

Objective To investigate the serum levels of tumor markers CEA,CA724,PGⅠ,PGⅡ,PGI/PGII and SF in gas-tric cancer.Methods The serum levels of CEA,CA724,PGⅠ,PGⅡ,PGI/PGII and SF were detected in 46 healthy con-trols,45 atrophic gastritis patients and 39 gastric cancer patients.Serum levels of CEA,CA724 were measured by ELC meth-od,PGⅠ,PGⅡ by time resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA)and SF by immunoturbidimetry(ITM).Results ①Compared to the healthy controls,the statistical contrast of serum levels of CEA,CA724,PGⅠ,PGⅡ and PGI/PGII except SF was significant in gastric cancer patients(P<0.05),only PGⅠ,PGⅡ,SF had significant difference in atrophic gastritis patients (P<0.05).Compared to atrophic gastritis patients,the serum levels of CEA,CA724 were significantly higher,but PGⅠwas lower in gastric cancer patients(P<0.05).②When CEA,CA724,PGⅠ,PGⅡ,PGI/PGII and SF were used to di-agnose gastric cancer individually,the sequence of the area under ROC curve was CEA,SF,CA724,PGI/PGII,PGⅡ and PGⅠ.Only the areas of PGⅠ,PGⅡunder ROC curve had significant statistical difference (P<0.05).③The sensitivity,speci-ficity,PPV and NPV were different when these indexes were used to diagnize gastric cancer individually or incorporatedly. Conclusion The serum levels of tumor markers CEA,CA724,PGⅠ,PGⅡ,PGI/PGII and SF had important reference value for the diagnosis of gastric cancer although the diagnostic value was different individually or incorporatedly;the content of serum PG and the ratio of PGI/PGII were closely related to the gastric mucosa.

Objective To explore the feasibility of application of multiplex quantitative fluorescent PCR with non-polymorphic loci in prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies. Methods From Mar 2006 to Nov 2007, a total of 63 samples were collected from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical College, Nanjing University, including 54 villous samples obtained for karyotyping because of spontaneous abortion, six anmiotic fluid samples of second trimester and three umbilical cord blood samples of third trimester. Blood samples of 60 healthy adults were obtained at the same time as a control group, including 30 males and 30 females. Non-polymorphic QF-PCR was performed on both testing group and control group for the detection of aneuploidies. The Amelogenin gene (AMXY) was selected as an internal control, and dosage quotiety (DQ) of each locus was calculated according to the known formula, ff DQ was between O. 7 and 1.3, the sample was considered as normal If the figure turned out to be >1.3 or <0.7, a potential duplication or deletion of the corresponding gene or chromosome was indicated. If the results implied numerical abnormalities in more than one euchromusome, sex chromosome aneupioidies should be considered. Cell culture and karyotyping were carried out for every sample simultaneously. The results of non-polymorphic QF-PCR were checked with karyotypes. Results ( 1 ) In the control group, all female samples presented only an AMX peak for sex chromosome while all males showed AMX and AMY amplified peaks. The AMY/AMX ratios were between 0.7-1.3, and SD was between 0.05-0.12. (2) Among 19 QF-PCR abnormal cases, 13 cases were proved by karyotyping. Of the six cases which turned out to be conflicting, one case of trisemy 18 shown by karyotyping was not completely detected by QF-PCR, a locus on chromosome 18 implied trisomy, while another turned out to be normal(DQ=1.28). Four cases were detected by non-polymorphic QF-PCR as trisemies but showed normal female karyotype because of maternal contamination during cell culture. A karyotyping]y ' 46, XY' case did not present an AMY peak. Thirty-six out of 44 (82%) normal results implied by non-polymorphic QF-PCR were in accordance with cytogenetic analysis. Of the other eight cases, one case which failed cytogenetic analysis was detected by QF-PCR as normal Four cases showed multiploidy by karyotyping but normal in QF-PCR analysis, including three eases of 69, XXX, one case of 92, XXXX and one case of 45,XX,rob(13;21). The other two cases that showed normal male results turned out to be normal female karyotypes. Conclusions Prenatal aneuploidy detection by non-polymorphic QF-PCR is feasible in a clinical diagnostic setting. With the advantages of high throughput, rapidness and low cost, this method shows a good prospect in clinical application.