Objective To investigate the autophagy capacity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue.Methods Sixty-nine pairs of samples from human clear cell renal cell carcinoma tissues and relatively healthy renal tissues adjacent to the tumor were collected during surgical resection.The expressions of proteins that were participating in the regulation and execution of autophagy were detected by immunohistochemisty.Electron-microscopy was also carried out for the morphometrical analysis.Results The protein expression of p-mTOR (P =0.004),P62 (P =0.000) and ULK1 (P =0.000) were up-regulated in the carcinoma tissue,while the expression of Beclin1 (P=0.000),LC3 (P =0.000) and ATG7 (P =0.000) were down-regulated,and the expression of ATG5 (P =0.349) had no signif-icant difference compared with adjacent normal tissue.Morphometrical analysis showed that the basal autophagic activity (measured by the presence of autophagy vacuole compartment) was remarkably down-regulated in carcinoma tissue,compared with adjacent normal tissue.The expression level of mTOR was correlated with P62,LC3 and ATG7,but results showed no correlation between mTOR and Beclin 1.Conclusion Our studies show a relatively reduced autophagy capacity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma,which is regulated by multiple autophagy-related proteins such as mTOR,Beclin 1 and LC3.

Objective To investigate the histological changes of rapid tooth movement in dogs treated by resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis, aiming to establish an animal model and further to reveal the remodeling mechanism of rapid tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 local hybrid dogs were selected as subjects for this study. The second pre-molar was extracted on both sides. The experimental side underwent alvelor surgery for resistance reduction and a home-made tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was installed for rapid tooth movement, while for the other side (control side) only tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was used for rapid tooth movement. The longest active force-delivery span was 2 weeks, followed by 6-week retention. The distance between the moved tooth and anchor unit was recorded weekly, and radiography was performed for each side before and after distraction. The surrounding tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were sectioned for histological analysis. Results The average distance of tooth movement was 3.55mm on the experimental side and 1.11mm on the control side. The rate of tooth movement was notably higher (P<0.01) and no significant apical root resorption was detected by X-ray on the experimental side. The active alvelor bone remodeling was found on the tension and pressure sides. However, there was no significant difference between the experimental side and the control side after the retention period. Conclusion The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated through resistance reduction and periodontal distraction without any unfavorable effects but at minimal anchorage loss.

Objective:To investigate the role of reducing resistance and distraction in rapid teeth movement and its reliability by establishing the Beagle dogs’ experimental model.
Methods:The left or right sides in mandibles of 20 beagles were randomly operated with different treatments:distraction twice a day through reducing resistance;distraction 6 times a day through reducing resistance;conventional distraction through reducing resistance;and conventional distraction (the control group). Each treatment was carried out in 10 sides. The pulp vitality, tooth mobility and distance of teeth transportation were evaluated at different time points:before the distraction, distraction after 15 days, retaining 30 days after 15 days of distraction. The degree of inclination, root resorption and alveolar bone density of the compressive areas were evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography images.
Results:The distance of teeth transportation was similar in groups distraction twice daily and 6 times a day through reducing resistance (P>0.05), but their speed of transportation was significantly higher than that of conventional distraction through reducing resistance. The conventional distraction group had the lowest speed of transportation. The pulp vitality of distracted teeth was normal, and no root comprehensive resorption and periodontal defect were found. Distracted teeth in the reduced resistance and distraction groups (13.9°±3.5°) tipped more that in the conventional distraction group (6.6°±1.3°) (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Reducing resistance and distraction are inseparable factors to realize fast teeth moving. The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated through resistance reduction and periodontal distraction without obvious unfavorable effects but at minimal acceptable teeth inclination.

Objective To explore the value of diagnostic ultrasound mediated microbubble destruction in improving the myocardial perfusion and left ventricular systolic function when cooperated with the mecsenchymal stem cells(MSCs) transplantation in rabbit myocardial ischemia. Methods One week after myocardial ischemia (MI) modeling,36 rabbits were divided into 3 groups,the control group(group Ⅰ) ,intravenous injection of MSCs group(group Ⅱ) and ultrasound + microbubble + MSCs group (group Ⅲ). Myocardial contrast enhancement (MCE) was performed and quantification analysis of anterior wall was assessed with Photoshop. Left ventrieular systolic function was assessed with M-mode echocardiography and bi-plane Simpson's method. CD34 expression in heart was detected with immunohistochemisty(IHC). Western blotting was applied to detect the level of VEGF in three groups. Results The differences of gray scale analyzed with histogram of Photoshop in anterior wall of ischemia myocardium between the group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ or group Ⅲ were significant,and P value was 0. 032 and 0. 000 , respectively. There were significant differences of FS between group Ⅲ (30. 43±4.09)% and group Ⅱ (26.29±2.93)%, P<0.01, and similar to group Ⅰ (19.28 ± 2.84)%. The difference of EF(%) between group Ⅲ and group Ⅱ was significant [(61.5±5.8 vs 53.6±4. 71), P<0. 05] ,or markedly significant between group Ⅲ and group Ⅰ [(61.5±5.8 vs 42.6± 5.0), P <0.01]. EF(%) assessed with bi-plane Simpson's method was significantly increased from (34.64 ± 4.59) in group Ⅰ to (41.78 ± 4.21) in group Ⅱ and (48.6±3.96) in group Ⅲ. The expression of CD34 assessed with immunohistochemistry was the highest in group Ⅲ. The level of VEGF with western blotting in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than other two groups. Conclusions It is an efficacious transplantation means of MSCs infusion under the ultrasound mediated microbubles destruction in improving the myocardial perfusion and cardiac systolic function.

Objective To explore the targeting homing capacity of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem eells(MSCs) on rabbit myocardial ischemia by intravenous injection of MSCs under the mediation of diagnostic ultrasound and microbubble. Methods Density gradient centrifugation and adherent culture method were used in the isolation and cultivation of MSCs. MSCs were labeled with DAPI. Rabbit myocardial infarction(MI) models were builded by totally ligation of left anterior descending branch of coronary artery. DAPI labeled MSCs were implanted by intravenous injection with or without the mediation of diagnostic ultrasound and microbubbles. Forty-eight hours after cell transplantation, the hearts of MI rabbits were made of frozen section and observed under fluorescent microscope. The DAPI positive cells were counted in the MI and border area of rabbit heart and compared between two groups. Pathological changes of MI area were observed with HE staining under light microscope and transmission electronic microscope. Results The number of DAPI positive cells in MI and border area of rabbit in both groups were counted under fluorescent microscope. There were more DAPI positive cells in the MI area in ultrasound + microbubble + MSCs group (213.2±26.5) than that in the intravenous injection group (146.8±18.78, P<0.01). There were erythrocytes leaking out of the vessels in MI area in HE staining section under light microscope in ultrasound + microbubble + MSCs group while there were nearly none in the intravenous injection MSCs group. The intercellular space of endothelial cells of the vessels wall was increased and serum component leaked out of the vessel wall in ultrasound + microbubble + MSCs under transmission electronic microscope. Conclusions The targeted homing capacity of BM-MSCs in the MI area of rabbit heart can be enhanced under the mediation of diagnostic ultrasound and microbubbles.

Aim To observe the effects of benazepril and irbesartan on myocardial collagen in chronic heart failure ( CHF ) rats and the possible mechanisms. Methods CHF model in rats was made by partially banding abdominal aorta to induce pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy. The rats were given benazepril or/and irbesartan for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure ( SBP) was monitored by rat tail artery. The ultrastruc-ture of myocardium was detected by transmission elec-tron microscope. The content of myocardial hydroxyproline and amount of cross-linked collagen were measured by hydrolysis method. The expression of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen protein in myocardium was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The expression of p-38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK proteins was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the model of CHF, there was no significant difference in SBP af-ter treatment. The content of hydroxyproline in myocar-dium, degree of cross-linked collagen, as well as ex-pression of type I collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and p-p38 MAPK proteins were significantly decreased after treatment with benazepril or irbesartan ( P <0. 05 ) , and the combined treatment of them had better effects. Conclusion There is a synergistic effect of attenua-ting the quantity and quality of myocardial collagen in CHF rats by combined use of benazepril and irbesar-tan, which may be related to the down regulation of p-p38MAPK protein expression.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of a modified version of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) on upper-extremity function of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.Methods22 patients were divided randomly into treatment group (n=10) and control group (n=12). Cases of control group received routine rehabilitation therapy, otherwise, those of treatment group were treated with CIMT. It involved restraining the unimpaired extremity with a restraining-instrument, and having the child engage in activities with the involved extremity 4 hours a day for 2 months repeatedly. Before and after treatment, affected upper-extremity function of all children were assessed with the Fine Motor Function Measure (FMFM) scale.ResultsThe fine motor function of all children in two groups improved significantly(P<0.05), but effect of treatment group was better than that of control group (P<0.05).ConclusionThe treatment of CIMT can improve upper-extremity function of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and its influencing factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among employees in petrochemical enterprises, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of MS among employees in petrochemical enterprises. Methods: The employees in petrochemical enterprises who underwent health examinations at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the survey subjects. Demographic information, lifestyle behaviors and occupational exposure were collected using questionnaires, and the blood biochemical indicators were measured through laboratory testing. Factors affecting MS were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 2 479 individuals were included, with a mean age of (44.84±7.87) years. There were 1 684 males (67.93%) and 795 females (32.07%). There were 905 cases of MS, with a detection rate of 36.51%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (male, OR=2.246, 95%CI: 1.353-3.728), age (≥40 years, OR=3.523, 95%CI: 2.003-6.194), noise exposure (OR=1.894, 95%CI: 1.272-2.821), smoking index (>0~200 cigarette-years, OR=1.907, 95%CI: 1.155-3.149; >200 cigarette-years, OR=2.257, 95%CI: 1.320-3.859), hyperuricemia (OR=3.013, 95%CI: 1.852-4.900) and γ-glutamyltransferase (abnormal, OR=2.691, 95%CI: 1.589-4.559) were the influencing factors of MS among employees in petrochemical enterprises. Conclusion The risk of MS occurrence among employees in petrochemical enterprises is related to gender, age, noise exposure, smoking index, hyperuricemia and γ-glutamyltransferase level.

Objective To study the structures of the plasmids of Klebsiella pneumoniae KF3 at the genome metagenome level througth with whole plasmid DNA sequencing, to analyze the functional genes carried by plasmid and to identify the correlation of resistance and pathogenicity between the plasmids and the host strains. Methods The alkaline lysis method was used to extract plasmids. We constructed the small insert pUC18 library and the large insert Forsmid library, sequenced and used the Phred / Phrap / Consed package to assemble these sequences and gained a complete sequence. The open reading frame(ORFs) were predicted by the Glimmer software and annotated, analyzed the functions of these genes. Results We successfully constructed the pUC18 library and the Fosmid libraries for the plasmid DNA and obtained three circular double-stranded DNA plasmids: pKF3-70 (69 477 bp), pKF3-90 (91 327 bp) and pKF3-147 ( 147 416 bp). There were drug resistant genes, conjugative transfer genes and mobile DNA elements identified on three plasmids. Conclusion The three plasmids of KF3 could be transferred among different strains. It would lead to the dissemination of the resistant genes.

Objective: To analyze the delay of seeking medical treatment and associated factors among students with tuberculosis in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide scientific evidence for the early detection and control of tuberculosis epidemics in schools. Methods: Data from 6 739 students with pulmonary tuberculosis registered in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2019 were collected from the TB Management Information System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Results: Among 6 739 cases of students with pulmonary tuberculosis from 2015 to 2019 in Shaanxi Province, 3 040 patients delayed seeking medical treatment. The rate of delayed treatment was as high as 45.1%, and the median delayed treatment time was 38(24, 68) days. From 2015 to 2019, the overall delay rate of students showed a downward trend, with a significant difference(χ 2=120.45, P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in delay rate between different patient sources, diagnosis results and regions(χ 2=274.19, 26.75, 24.12, P<0.05), among which for factors such as tracing, tuberculosis pleurisy, doctor delay in the northern part of Shaanxi, the rates were higher. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the regions of northern Shaanxi(OR=2.74), central Shaanxi(OR=2.09), and southern Shaanxi(OR=2.39), and clinical consultation(OR=1.84), recommendation(OR=2.81), tracing(OR=3.28), and tracing (OR=6.07) were risk factors for delay of consultation. A lack of etiology results(OR=0.47) was to protect delay of consultation. Conclusion From 2015 to 2019 in Shaanxi Province, a delay in seeking medical treatment was relatively common among students with tuberculosis. The region, source of patients and diagnosis results were factors that influenced the delay in finding tuberculosis patients in Shaanxi Province.