Early newborns,especially premature and very low birth weight infants (VLBWI)are vulnerable to low environmental temperature and/or other factors at birth,they may be insufficient to maintain core body and can cause hypothermia which leads to a variety of disease,affecting their life quality.As the birth rate of premature newborns and VLBWI are increasing in China these years,newborns temperature management have become significant for decreasing newborn's mortality.The main causes for hypothermia are low environmental temperature,insufficient calorie intake,premature newborns,low birth weight and other diseases.Studies shown that the prevention strategies of neonatal hypothermia include:(1) thermal neutral zone;(2) incutators and radiant warmers;(3) plastic hoods and plastic blankets;(4) kangaroo care;(5) breast feeding.

0.05)and the differences of AUC 0～t ,T max and C max were not significant as verified by two-one sided t test.CONCLUSION:The relative bioequivalence of polyferose capsules is101.02%which indicates that polyferose capsule is a bioequivalent product of Niferex capsule.

Cerebellum connects with each part of the auditory pathway directly or indirectly, forming the anatomical basis for a cerebellar role in auditory process. Functional imaging studies and clinical observations provide more abundant support for this view. Tinnitus is one of the most common clinical manifestations when the auditory system is impaired and remains unsolved. Basic science researches in neurotransmitter chemistry and molecular biochemistry, together with functional imaging studies, indicate that cerebellum might contribute to the pathophysiology of tinnitus. In this review we summarize the current understanding of cerebellar role in auditory process and tinnitus.
Auditory Pathways ; Cerebellum ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Tinnitus ; physiopathology

Objective To determine if the cardiac index (CI) measured by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) through the mitral valve (MV) agrees with that measured by transesophageal echocardiography through the ascending aorta (AA).Methods Sixteen ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients (NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ),aged 18-70 kg,weighing 46-72 kg,undergoing mitral valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB),were studied.Total intravenous anesthesia was used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia.After tracheal intubation,the TEE probe was placed in the esophagus.CI was measured by transesophageal echocardiography through the MV (CIMV)and AA (CIAA) at 15,30 and 60 min after termination of CPB and recorded.All the data were compared by Bland-Altman analysis.Results CIMV values were significantly lower at each time point than CIAA values (P ＜0.01).The results of Bland-Altman comparison:CIMV 1.29-5.52 L· min-1 · m-2,mean was (2.6 ± 0.9)L·min-1·m-2,and CIAA 2.7-8.8 L·min-1·m-2,mean was (4.9± 1.7) L·min-1 ·m-2,bias was-2.3 L·min-1 ·m-2,and limit of agreement was-5.62-1.03 L· min-1 · m-2 resulting in r =-0.577,P ＜ 0.01.Conclusion CI values obtained through the MV agrees well with that measured through the AA using TEE in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement,but CIAA values are significantly higher than CIMV values,there is a large difference between them for clinical use,and both methods for CI measurement cannot replace each other.

A total of 128 patients with coronary heart disease/angina pectoris who underwent coronary arterial stent implantation were collected in this study between January and December 2002.① At 6-18 months of follow up,coronary artery angiography (CAG) showed that diameter stenosis rate ＞I 50% was considered the restenosis.While,36 out of 128 lesions had restenosis,and the rate was 28.1%.Serum lipoprotein (a) level in the restenosis group was significantly higher than non-restenosis group (P ＜ 0.01).②All patients were divided into high lipoprotein (a) group (the concentration ≥ 230 mg/L) and low lipoprotein (a) group (the concentration ＜ 230 rag/L).Restenosis rate in the high lipoprotein (a) group was significantly higher than low lipoprotein (a) group (P ＜ 0.05).Intravascular ultrasound showed that area and volume of newborn endomembrane in the high lipoprotein (a) group were significantly higher than slow lipoprotein (a) group after coronary arterial stent implantation (P ＜ 0.01).③ Correlation analysis suggested that.lipoprotein (a) was positively correlated with area and volume of newborn plaque (P ＜ 0.05).

ObjectiveTo investigate baicalin effect against ultraviolet A (UVA) induced senescence in cultured human skin fibroblasts(HSF) and influence on telomere pathway. MethodsHSF were isolated from the prepuce of neonates and cultured. Subconfluent fibroblasts were classified into blank control group (without treatment), baicalin group (treated with baicalin of 50 μg/ml), UVA group (irradiated with UVA of 10 J/cm2) and UVA + baicalin group(irradiated with UVA of 10 J/cm2 and treated with baicalin of 50 μg/ml before and after the irradiation). After additional culture of various durations, flow cytometry was performed to detect cell cycle, telomere repeat amplification protocol-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (TRAP-ELISA) to measure telomerase activity, real-time quantitative PCR to determine telomere length, mRNA levels of p53, p16 and c-myc, Western blot to examine the protein expressions of p16 and c-myc. ResultsUVA irradiation induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, and the percentage of HSF at G1 phase increased from 59.94％ in the blankcontrol group to 81.04％ in the UVA group, but was decreased to 65.55％ in the UVA + baicalin group. The length of telomere in HSF in UVA group was shortened to 31.2％ of that in the blank control group, but was restored to 63.9％ in HSF treated with baicalin before and after the irradiation. Compared with the blank control group, the expression level of p53 and p16 mRNA was increased to 2.93 ± 0.21 and 2.14 ± 0.09, respectively, while that of c-myc mRNA decreased to 0.53 ± 0.03 in the UVA group; baicalin could inhibit these changes. Similarly, Western blot showed that after UVA irradiation the protein expression level of p16 increased to 5.84 ± 0.16, while that of c-myc decreased to 0.35 ± 0.04 in HSF compared with that in the blank control group; baicalin treatment before and after the irradiation induced no significant changes in the protein expres sion of c-myc, but a decline in that of p16 (4.09 ± 0.13, P ＜ 0.05). Telomerase activity was undetected in any of these groups. ConclusionsBaicalin can delay the photoaging process of HSF, which may be attributed to the regulation of expression of senescence-related genes such as p53, but not to telomerase activity.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on left ventricular function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).Methods The study was a prospective,randomized and placebo-control clinical trial.Eighty patients undergoing CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were divided into dexmedetomidine group (group D)and control group (group C) by random digits table method with 40 cases each.A loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was injected intravenously 10 min after induction followed by infusion at 0.4 μ g/(kg· h) until the end of operation in group D,while equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.Left ventricular function was assessed by transesophageal echocardiography before the infusion of dexmedetomidine (T1),at the end of the infusion of loading dose (T2),before CPB (T3) and at the end of the operation (T4).Results Compared with those at T1,left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional area change decreased significantly [(58.0 ± 12.0)％,(60.0 ± 9.6)％ vs.(63.0 ± 8.6)％ and (46.0 ± 9.3)％,(48.0 ± 8.4)％ vs.(51.0 ± 6.7)％] (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01),E/A ratio increased significantly (1.05 ± 0.27,1.07 ±0.31 vs.0.98 ±0.19)(P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01) and myocardial performance index (MPI) decreased significantly (0.46 ± 0.14,0.45 ± 0.12 vs.0.51 ± 0.14) (P ＜ 0.05) at T2 and T3 in group D,while stroke volume was not significantly changed (P＞ 0.05).Compared with that in group C,E/A ratio and rapid filling fraction in group D was significantly higher [1.06 ± 0.18 vs.0.97 ± 0.18,(62.0 ± 7.1)％ vs.(58.0 ± 7.3)％],and S/D ratio and MPI was significantly lower at T4(1.17 ± 0.21 vs.1.29 ± 0.22,0.43 ± 0.15 vs.0.50 ± 0.15),and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).There was no difference in the parameters indicating left ventricular systolic function (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Dexmedetomidine restrains left ventricular systolic function in the patients undergoing CABG,but does not decrease the cardiac output,and improve relaxation dysfunction of left ventricular diastolic function.Global left ventricular function is improved by dexmedetomidine after CABG.

Objective To investigate the distribution of five indicators of hepatitis B(HBV-M)and its relationship with liver function parameters and HBV-DNA load in patients with chronic HBV infection in different stages.Methods The serum samples were collected from 456 patients infected with HBV.The HBV-M,liver functional parameters and HBV-DNA level were quantita-tively detected.According to the stages of disease,the patients were divided into 3 groups including chronic hepatitis B group(inclu-ding mild subgroup,moderate subgroup and severe subgroup),liver cirrhosis group(including compensatory subgroup,decompen-sated subgroup)and hepatocellular carcinoma goup.Results The ratio of HBsAg,HBeAg,HBcAb positive pattern(135 pattern) and HBsAg,HBeAb,HBcAb positive pattern(145 pattern)in the three groups were statistically different(P <0.05).In each chron-ic hepatitis B subgroup,both ALT and AST levels of 135 pattern were significantly higher than the other two patterns(P <0.05). In each liver cirrhosis subgroup and hepatocellular carcinoma group,there were statistically significant differences in ALB and TBIL levels between the three patterns(P <0.05 ).In each group,the HBV-DNA level of 135 positive pattern were significantly higher than the other two patterns(P <0.05).Conclusion With the advancement of chronic hepatitis B,there is a downtrend in the ratio of 135 pattern and increasing trend in the ratio of 145 pattern.If the stage of hepatitis B is discriminated,ALT,AST,ALB TBIL and HBV-DNA level were closely related to HBV-M pattern.

Objective To investigate the alteration of the cytoskeleton of airway smooth muscle cells in young asthmatic rats with airway remodeling and the effect of RhoA/ROCK signal pathway.Methods Airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were primary cultured and purified from Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats that were induced by ovalbumin (OVA) inhalation for 8w,then incubated by Pho kinase inhibitor Y27632.Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),Western blot,and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the alteration of F-actin,and α-tubulin in the cytoskeleton of airway smooth muscle.Results (1) The asthma group showed a high average gray value of F-actin in ASMC than control groups,especially 8 weeks;and were significantly down in the group after adding Y27632(P ＜0.01).(2) The intension and intensity of fluorescence signal of α-tubulin in asthma groups in 8 weeks were higher than control greup(P ＜0.01),and were significantly decreased in Y27632 group.(3) A higher expression of α-tubulin protein was shown in the asthma group in 8 weeks relative to control group(P ＜0.01),and was significantly down-regulated in Y27632 group(P ＜0.05).Conclusions Alteration of the cytoskeleton of airway smooth muscle exists in young asthmatic rats and the RhoA/ROCK signal pathway possibly plays a significant role.

Aim To explore the inhibitory effects and immunoregulatory activity of the extract from Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker (EFP) on the growth of liver cancer H22 in mice.Methods The chemical composition of extract from Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker(EFP)was separated with water extraction methods.The tumor bearing mouse model was constructed by injecting tumor cells subcutaneously.The EFP was given to the mouse by oral and hypodermic injection to observe its antitumor activity and immunoregulatory activity in vivo.The antibody level of anti-H22 in serum was measured with ELISA methods.The weight,tumor weight,spleen index,liver index were noted,and series of enzymes,such as,MDA,SOD,GPT and GOT activity of mouse serum and liver were measured.Results The extracts from Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker markedly inhibited the proliferation of tumor H22.The EFP constituent purified might be the main antitumor active part of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker as shown by antitumor test in vitro.After treatment with EFP,the general condition of the test mice was much better than that of control mice,with spleen index,liver index increasing more obviously,antibody level of anti-H22,and MDA,SOD,GPT and GOT activity increasing more,and tumor growing more slowly.Conclusion EFP may be the main antitumor active part of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker. EFP also has antitumor effect in vivo.EFP can exert antitumor effect in vivo by enhancing antibody level of anti-H22 and the series enzymes to be related to immunity activity.