Based on the peak value of power spectral density (PPSD) and corresponding frequency (CF), an approach that performs electroencephalogram (EEG) feature extraction during imaginary right and left hand movements was proposed. The data were gained from brain computer interface competition in 2003 provided by Graz University of Technology. The EEG signals between 8-16 Hz were decomposed by db3 wavelet packet at three levels. The PPSD and CF of electrodes C3 and C4 were defined as the EEG feature vectors and calculated respectively. The left and right hand motor imaginary tasks were distinguished by the time-variable linear classifier. The proposed method was applied to the test data for 140 trials. The satisfactory results were obtained with the highest classification accuracy 89.29%. The maximum mutual information was 0.622 8 bit, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was 1.371 3. The PPSD and its CF on electrodes C3 and C4 between 8 and 16 Hz were coincident with event-related desynchronization (ERD) and event-related synchronization (ERS). This method is simple, quick, and promising for on-line brain computer interface system.

Objective To learn mental health,life events and stress response of immigrant medical professionals. Methods Symptom checklist ( SCL-90), Life event scale ( LES), and Coping questionnaire (CQ) were used for assessment. Results SCL-90 ( 135.95 ± 32. 56 ), Somatization ( 1.62 ± 0. 38 ),obsessive-compulsion ( 1.75 ± 0. 53), depression (1.66 ± 0. 55) ,anxiety ( 1.52 ± 0. 54), hostility ( 1.53 ±0.45) ,and psychoticism (1.45 ±0.46) were even serious in immigrant medical professionals (all P＜0. 05). SCL-90 factor score was positively correlated with LES total score and LES factor score ( both P ＜0. 05 ). However, SCL-90 factor score was negatively correlated with problem-solving and coping style score of CQ (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion As mental health and life event responses were concerned, more attention should be paid to the immigrant medical professionals.

Objective To explore application of case management for hypertension in the elderly.Methods In total, 106 elderly patients with hypertension treated at outpatient and inpatient departments of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University were recruited during January to October 2007, and divided randomly into two groups, one with conventional management and the other with case management.Patients with conventional treatment accepted routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and were followed-up passively, and patients with case management accepted integrated therapy and active interview provided by a team with a cardiovascular specialist as core, were followed-up actively and their medical records were kept in files. Percentage of the patients with blood pressure lowered to meet criteria of effectiveness and their improvement in depression and anxiety status and quality of life were evaluated two years after management for the two groups. Results Percentage of patients with their blood pressure lowered to meet effective criteria increased significantly in both of the groups, from 32. 8% to 67.5% in patients with conventional management and from 33.7% to 83.4% in those with case management ( P = 0. 007 ),respectively. Scores of self-rating anxiety scale ( SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) decreased in patients of the both groups, from 57 ± 10 and 56 ± 11 before management to 40 ±9 and 48 ± 10 after it,respectively in patients of conventional management ( P = 0. 032 ), and from 56 ± 10 and 57 ± 10 before management to 35 ±9 and 40 ± 9 after it ( P = 0. 008 ), respectively in those with case management; and scores of quality of life improved in patients of the two group, from 65 ± 13 before management to 85 ± 14 after it in those with conventional management, and from 64 ± 13 before management to 98 ± 14 after it in those with case management ( P = 0.017 ), respectively. Conclusions Case management is better for chronic diseases and recommended in management for the elderly with hypertension, which can improve their targets of blood pressure lowering, decrease their scores of SAS and SDS and improve their quality of life,with an integrated, in-depth, continuous management.

Objective To learn the psychological health state,life events and coping styles of the non-native policemen.Methods Symptom checklist (SCL-90),Life event scale (LES) and Coping questionnaire (CQ) was tested to native policemen(n=238) and non-native policeman(n=136).Results Score of SCL-90 (159.68±50.46) ,depression(1.79±0.62) ,photic anxiety(1.54±0.63) ,addition items(1.82±0.59) factors in non-native policemen were higher than that in the native policemen,and there was significant deference(P＜0.05).The concerned analyses showed non-native policemen score of SCL-90 was significantly positively related to LES total score and sub-scale factor (P＜0.01,P＜0.05).The non-native policemen score of SCL-90 was significantly negatively related to settle problem factor of CQ (P ＜ 0.01),and other factors of CQ was significantly positively(P ＜0.O1).Conclusion The poor psychological health state and live emergency events of the non-native policemen should be pay more attention.

Objective To learn the psychological health state,life events and coping styles of teachers.Methods 376 teachers were assessed with Symptom checklist (SCL-90),Life event scale (LES) and Coping questionnaire (CQ).Results The analysis showed non-native teachers score of SCL-90(150.74±44.57),somatization(1.69±0.58),obsessive-compulsive(1.84±0.58),depression(1.77±0.60),anxiety(1.63±0.55),hostility(1.68±0.61) and psychoticism(1.54±0.48) factor were higher than the native(P＜0.01).The concerned analyses showed non-native teachers score of SCL-90 was significantly positively related to LES score factor (P＜0.01).Teacher score of SCL-90 was significantly negatively related to settle problem factor of CQ(P＜0.01),and other factors of CQ was significantly positively.Conclusion The poor psychological health state and live emergency events of the non-native teachers should be pay more attention.

Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) combined with ribavirin (PR regimen) has been used in China for more than 10 years.With the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs),the therapeutic regimens for hepatitis C has become more and more diverse.In the regimen of DAAs combined with PR regimen,IFN helps to benefit the long-term prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC),and the addition of DAAs may improve therapeutic effect,shorten the course of treatment,and further improve the current status of treatment of CHC.This article introduces the advantages and disadvantages of PR regimen,DAAs combined with PR regimen,and oral regimen with DAAs,in order to investigate the therapeutic regimens suitable for different CHC patients and provide a reference for clinical practice.

Objective To explore the effect of band power and wavelet packet entropy in the recognition of hand imagery.Methods The data gained from brain computer interface competition in 2003 provided by Graz University of Technology.The electroencephalogram(EEG)signals between 8～16 Hz were decomposed by db3 wavelet packet at three levels.The band power(BP)and wavelet packet entropy(WPE)of C3 and C4 were calculated respectively.The BP and WPE were defined as the feature vector.The left and right hand motor imaginary tasks were distinguished.Results The proposed method was applied to the test data set with 140 trails.The satisfactory results were obtained with the highest classification accuracy 87.14%.Conclusion The band power and wavelet packet entropy of EEG changed with time is coincident with event-related desynchronization and event-related synchronization.It can be used to recognize the left and right band motor imaginary tasks.

Objective To investigate the autophagy capacity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue.Methods Sixty-nine pairs of samples from human clear cell renal cell carcinoma tissues and relatively healthy renal tissues adjacent to the tumor were collected during surgical resection.The expressions of proteins that were participating in the regulation and execution of autophagy were detected by immunohistochemisty.Electron-microscopy was also carried out for the morphometrical analysis.Results The protein expression of p-mTOR (P =0.004),P62 (P =0.000) and ULK1 (P =0.000) were up-regulated in the carcinoma tissue,while the expression of Beclin1 (P=0.000),LC3 (P =0.000) and ATG7 (P =0.000) were down-regulated,and the expression of ATG5 (P =0.349) had no signif-icant difference compared with adjacent normal tissue.Morphometrical analysis showed that the basal autophagic activity (measured by the presence of autophagy vacuole compartment) was remarkably down-regulated in carcinoma tissue,compared with adjacent normal tissue.The expression level of mTOR was correlated with P62,LC3 and ATG7,but results showed no correlation between mTOR and Beclin 1.Conclusion Our studies show a relatively reduced autophagy capacity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma,which is regulated by multiple autophagy-related proteins such as mTOR,Beclin 1 and LC3.

Objective To investigate how the clinical laboratory conducting the verification of analytical measurement range (AM R) of quantitative items detected by the biochemical analyzer according to the requirements of the international standards by verifying the serum creatinine AMR for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of detection results .Methods The enzyme method was adopted to detect the 7‐concentration levels test specimens of CAP linear range proficiency test on the Roche Cobas 501 biochemical analyzer .These 7 specimens target values covered the low ,middle and high values of creatinine AMR marked by the manufacturer′s instructions .Each specimen was detected twice and the mean value was taken ,then the bias between the mean value and target value was calculated .In addition ,referring to the requirements of CLSI guiding document EP6‐P ,the patients′fresh serum contai‐ning high value creatinine was collected ,then mixed with certain proportion and centrifuged .The mixture concentration was calcu‐lated and served as the high value specimen(H) ,and the low value specimen was obtained by the same treatment .Then the high and low value specimens were dispensed with the relations of 5L ,4L+1H ,3L+2H ,2L+3H ,1L+4H and 5H and formed the series specimens .The creatinine levels in each specimen was detected on the Roche Cobas 501 biochemical analyzer ,each specimen was de‐tected 4 times .The obtained data were performed the regression analysis .Results The bias of 7‐level CAP specimen and target val‐ue was less than the allowable error ± 7 .5% [(1/2 × TE)% ] set by the clinical laboratory of the Beijing Sanfine Hopsital .The re‐gression equation of fresh mixed serums from patients was Y =0 .988 6X+16 .614 ,b=0 .988 6 ,between 0 .97 -1 .03 ,intercept a and 0 ,ta < t0 .05 ,P>0 .05 ,which showed no significant difference between intercept and 0 ,the regression line was through 0 point in fact .Conclusion The verification of creatinine AMR marked by the manufacturer′s instructions is passed ,which can be adopted by the clinical laboratory .

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the differential gene expression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 and CNE-2R exposed to X-rays.Methods We used neutral comet assay to detect the intrinsic radiosensitiv-ity of tumor cells,immunofluorescence to detect the phosphorylated histone γH2AX and Rad5 1 foci formation and to assay the time-dose effects on cell radiation injury and radiation radiosensitivity change after irradiation.The dif-ferential gene expression was screened with cDNA microarray by DNA damage repair related gene chip.Differenti-ally expressed proteins screened were confirmed by Western blot.Results After 2 h of 4 Gy 9MeV-β-ray irradia-tion,CNE-2R cells had aggravated DNA damage compared to CNE-2 cells and the damage was more obvious with the prolongation of time.It suggested that cell DNA damage severity was more obvious.The immunofluorescence showed the positive rates ofγH2AX cells in CNE-2 cell line were higher than those in CNE-2R cell line.There were 37 different genes related to DNA damage repair in CNE-2 cell line compared with CNE-2R cell line,while 24 up-regulated and 13 down-regulated genes were found in SiHaR cells.In them,there were 6 genes whose ratios were 6 times higher and 3 genes whose ratios were lower than 0.1.Western blot verified the results of four differentially expressed proteins compared with CNE-2 cells,in which GADD45a and RRAD1 expression levels were significantly lowered in CNE-2R while the RAD9a and RCF2 protein significantly increased.Conclusion The radioresistance of CNE-2R cells is significantly related to DNA damage repair capacity in certain mutations at the gene level.It is possible to regulate cell radiosensitivity by regulating the related gene.