Based on the peak value of power spectral density (PPSD) and corresponding frequency (CF), an approach that performs electroencephalogram (EEG) feature extraction during imaginary right and left hand movements was proposed. The data were gained from brain computer interface competition in 2003 provided by Graz University of Technology. The EEG signals between 8-16 Hz were decomposed by db3 wavelet packet at three levels. The PPSD and CF of electrodes C3 and C4 were defined as the EEG feature vectors and calculated respectively. The left and right hand motor imaginary tasks were distinguished by the time-variable linear classifier. The proposed method was applied to the test data for 140 trials. The satisfactory results were obtained with the highest classification accuracy 89.29%. The maximum mutual information was 0.622 8 bit, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was 1.371 3. The PPSD and its CF on electrodes C3 and C4 between 8 and 16 Hz were coincident with event-related desynchronization (ERD) and event-related synchronization (ERS). This method is simple, quick, and promising for on-line brain computer interface system.

Objective To learn mental health,life events and stress response of immigrant medical professionals. Methods Symptom checklist ( SCL-90), Life event scale ( LES), and Coping questionnaire (CQ) were used for assessment. Results SCL-90 ( 135.95 ± 32. 56 ), Somatization ( 1.62 ± 0. 38 ),obsessive-compulsion ( 1.75 ± 0. 53), depression (1.66 ± 0. 55) ,anxiety ( 1.52 ± 0. 54), hostility ( 1.53 ±0.45) ,and psychoticism (1.45 ±0.46) were even serious in immigrant medical professionals (all P＜0. 05). SCL-90 factor score was positively correlated with LES total score and LES factor score ( both P ＜0. 05 ). However, SCL-90 factor score was negatively correlated with problem-solving and coping style score of CQ (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion As mental health and life event responses were concerned, more attention should be paid to the immigrant medical professionals.

Objective To learn the psychological health state,life events and coping styles of the non-native policemen.Methods Symptom checklist (SCL-90),Life event scale (LES) and Coping questionnaire (CQ) was tested to native policemen(n=238) and non-native policeman(n=136).Results Score of SCL-90 (159.68±50.46) ,depression(1.79±0.62) ,photic anxiety(1.54±0.63) ,addition items(1.82±0.59) factors in non-native policemen were higher than that in the native policemen,and there was significant deference(P＜0.05).The concerned analyses showed non-native policemen score of SCL-90 was significantly positively related to LES total score and sub-scale factor (P＜0.01,P＜0.05).The non-native policemen score of SCL-90 was significantly negatively related to settle problem factor of CQ (P ＜ 0.01),and other factors of CQ was significantly positively(P ＜0.O1).Conclusion The poor psychological health state and live emergency events of the non-native policemen should be pay more attention.

Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) combined with ribavirin (PR regimen) has been used in China for more than 10 years.With the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs),the therapeutic regimens for hepatitis C has become more and more diverse.In the regimen of DAAs combined with PR regimen,IFN helps to benefit the long-term prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC),and the addition of DAAs may improve therapeutic effect,shorten the course of treatment,and further improve the current status of treatment of CHC.This article introduces the advantages and disadvantages of PR regimen,DAAs combined with PR regimen,and oral regimen with DAAs,in order to investigate the therapeutic regimens suitable for different CHC patients and provide a reference for clinical practice.

Objective To explore application of case management for hypertension in the elderly.Methods In total, 106 elderly patients with hypertension treated at outpatient and inpatient departments of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University were recruited during January to October 2007, and divided randomly into two groups, one with conventional management and the other with case management.Patients with conventional treatment accepted routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and were followed-up passively, and patients with case management accepted integrated therapy and active interview provided by a team with a cardiovascular specialist as core, were followed-up actively and their medical records were kept in files. Percentage of the patients with blood pressure lowered to meet criteria of effectiveness and their improvement in depression and anxiety status and quality of life were evaluated two years after management for the two groups. Results Percentage of patients with their blood pressure lowered to meet effective criteria increased significantly in both of the groups, from 32. 8% to 67.5% in patients with conventional management and from 33.7% to 83.4% in those with case management ( P = 0. 007 ),respectively. Scores of self-rating anxiety scale ( SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) decreased in patients of the both groups, from 57 ± 10 and 56 ± 11 before management to 40 ±9 and 48 ± 10 after it,respectively in patients of conventional management ( P = 0. 032 ), and from 56 ± 10 and 57 ± 10 before management to 35 ±9 and 40 ± 9 after it ( P = 0. 008 ), respectively in those with case management; and scores of quality of life improved in patients of the two group, from 65 ± 13 before management to 85 ± 14 after it in those with conventional management, and from 64 ± 13 before management to 98 ± 14 after it in those with case management ( P = 0.017 ), respectively. Conclusions Case management is better for chronic diseases and recommended in management for the elderly with hypertension, which can improve their targets of blood pressure lowering, decrease their scores of SAS and SDS and improve their quality of life,with an integrated, in-depth, continuous management.

Objective To learn the psychological health state,life events and coping styles of teachers.Methods 376 teachers were assessed with Symptom checklist (SCL-90),Life event scale (LES) and Coping questionnaire (CQ).Results The analysis showed non-native teachers score of SCL-90(150.74±44.57),somatization(1.69±0.58),obsessive-compulsive(1.84±0.58),depression(1.77±0.60),anxiety(1.63±0.55),hostility(1.68±0.61) and psychoticism(1.54±0.48) factor were higher than the native(P＜0.01).The concerned analyses showed non-native teachers score of SCL-90 was significantly positively related to LES score factor (P＜0.01).Teacher score of SCL-90 was significantly negatively related to settle problem factor of CQ(P＜0.01),and other factors of CQ was significantly positively.Conclusion The poor psychological health state and live emergency events of the non-native teachers should be pay more attention.

Objective To explore the effect of band power and wavelet packet entropy in the recognition of hand imagery.Methods The data gained from brain computer interface competition in 2003 provided by Graz University of Technology.The electroencephalogram(EEG)signals between 8～16 Hz were decomposed by db3 wavelet packet at three levels.The band power(BP)and wavelet packet entropy(WPE)of C3 and C4 were calculated respectively.The BP and WPE were defined as the feature vector.The left and right hand motor imaginary tasks were distinguished.Results The proposed method was applied to the test data set with 140 trails.The satisfactory results were obtained with the highest classification accuracy 87.14%.Conclusion The band power and wavelet packet entropy of EEG changed with time is coincident with event-related desynchronization and event-related synchronization.It can be used to recognize the left and right band motor imaginary tasks.

Objective To explore the endoscopic and histopathological features of serrated adenomas (SAs).Methods The data of patients with colorectal polyps diagnosed in the Digestive Endoscopy Center at Nanfang Hospital from January 2002 to July 2005 were reviewed and the detection rate, endoscopic appearances, pit patterns and histopathological features of SAs were analyzed.Results In 1928(16.21%) out of 11 894 patients undergoing colonscopy 2811 polyps were found.Among them 61 patients with 71 polyps were found,with a detection rate of 0.51%.The SAs,larger than hyperplastic polyps obviously,were found in patients 39.44% with diameter (larger than 1 cm).The incidence of pedunculated polyps in SAs (26.76%) was higher than that in hyperplastic polyps(13.25%),but less than in adenomatous polyps (43.95%).The pit patterns of SAs, were typeⅢ pit pattern (41.67%) and type Ⅳ pit pattern (18.33%), this result was similar to adenomatous polyps.The incidences of moderate and severe dysplasia of SAs were higher than those of tubular adenomas but lower than villous adenomas.The canceration rate of SA was 2.82%.Conclusion The endoscopic appearances,these of pit patterns and histopathological features of SAs,were different from hyperplastic polyps essentially, but similar to neoplastic polyps with potential malignancy,which should be emphasized in clinical practice.

Objective:To explore the clinicopathologic features and diagnostic criteria of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL). Methods: Three cases of HSTCL were seached for morphology, immunophenotypings, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in situ hybridization and T-cell receptor? (TCR?) gene rearrangement. Results: In the bone marrow, the infiltrative pattern of tumour cells was interstitial and sinusoidal infiltration in one case,while the other two cases showed diffuse infiltration. In the liver of one case and the spleen of another case, tumour cells respectively showed sinusoidal infiltration. The immunophenotyping: three cases showed strongly positive for CD3 and TIA-1, but negative for Granzyme B, CD56 and TCR?. EBV in situ hybridization was not detected in all the cases. TCR? monoclonal rearrangements were detected in two cases. Conclusion: HSTCL is a rare entity which is classified into peripheral T cell lymphomas. And it is regarded as a subset of unactived cytotoxic T-cell lymphomas. The negative results of EBV in situ hybridization and the presentation of TCR? gene monoclonal rearrangements may be helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of HSTCL. These three cases showed similar characters to those of international cases reported.

Objective:To evaluate angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL) completely, we gave in-depth investigation of histopathological features, specific immunochemical markers, antigen receptor gene rearrangements and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Methods: 15 cases of typical AITL displayed effacement of the normal lymph node architecture partially or completely, abundance of arborizing high endothelial vessels, infiltration of polymorphic cells and hyperplastic atypical T lymphocytes with or without clear cytoplasm. Clinical characteristics, histological manifestations, and immunohistochemical staining for CD3, CD20, CD4,CD21, CXCL13, CD10, and BCL6 were analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction for immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and T cell receptor ? (TCR?) rearrangements and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA (EBER-1) were performed.Results: Histologically, we found eight cases with regressed lymphoid follicles, six with absence of follicles and one with hyperplastic follicles with interfollicular lesions. We also found eight cases displaying aggregation of clear cells, four infiltration of large lymphoid cells, five abundant epithelioid histiocytes. CD20 staining showed hyperplasia of large B cells in four cases. CD21 expression exihibited extrafollicular expansion of follicular dendritic cell meshworks in 11 cases (73.3%), partially with a tendency of perivascular distribution. Positive rate for CXCL13 and CD10 are 73.3% and 6.7% respectively. Monoclonal rearrangements of TCR? were detected in 6/15 (40%) of cases, IgH rearrangements in 7/15 (46.7%), of which five were monoclonal, while two oligoclonal. 8 out of 15 cases (53.3%) contained EBV-positive cells. Among the four cases with large B cell proliferation, three were EBV-positive. Conclusion: AITL display great complexity and diversity clinicopathologically. Only when we recognize such diversity, can we reasonably apply and properly evaluate immunochemical markers and molecular techniques, and thus give a correct diagnosis.