OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiology of fungemia and provide evidence for clinical therapy.METHODS A retrospective survey was done with the 69 cases of fungemia in our hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2008.RESULTS More than 65% of the patients suffered from two and more underlying diseases.Over a half of infections were developed following placement of catheters.And all of the patients had a history of antimicrobial agents use before blood culture.53(76.8%) cases were associated with Candida spp.Only 18 strains were C.albicans.The mortality rate of fungemia was 44.9%.Different Candida species had different resistance rates to antifungal agents.CONCLUSIONS Fungemia patients often have serious underlying diseases.Most fungemia cases are candidemia caused by non-C.albicans.Some fungal pathogens are resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole.

OBJECTIVE To monitor the characteristics of distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in our hospital. METHODS A. baumannii isolates were collected in our hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2005. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk-diffusion method,according to the standards of NCCLS 2004. RESULTS Totally 177 strains of A. baumannii were distributed clinically in the respiratory unit as the most ones (47 strains, 26.6%), and in ICU as the next (38 strains, 21.5%); the older the age, the higher the appearing rate; the highest appearing rate was from the sputum, up to 78.1%; more than 60% of isolates were resistant to all antimicrobial agents tested except imipenem, meropenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam. However,10 pan-resistant strains were found. CONCLUSIONS With the increasing isolation rate of A. baumannii, its drug resistance increases simultaneously.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Shuxuetong injection combined with Edaravone in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Methods Seventy patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group was given Shuxuetong injection and Edaravone, and the control group was treated by Shuxuening injection. Two groups were treated with routine therapy. ESS and ADL content changes in two groups were assessed at different point before treatment and two weeks after treatment. Results The score of ESS of two groups increased after treatment (P ＜ 0.05) ,but that in the Shuxuetong group was dramatically increased ,showing significantly different from that in the control group(P ＜0.05). ADL of the two groups improved after treatment(P ＜0.01) ,but the increase in the Shuxuetong group was significantly compared to the control group(P ＜0.05). Conclusion Shuxuetong injection combined with edaravone is an effective and safe medicine in treatment of acute cerebral infarction.

OBJECTIVE To analyze three methods with five antifungals susceptibility test.METHODS Eighty(pathogenic) yeasts isolated from various specimens were detected by dish diffusion method for yeast susceptibility testing in three different agars [Shadomy′s modified agar,RPMI 1640 agar,M-H(GMB)agar]with comparison of the Shadomy′s modified agar.RESULTS According to sensibility of five antifungals,RPMI 1640 was the same with Shadomy,but GMB M-H was lower with others.Three different agars had more correlability(P

OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogens from nosocomial infection cases to provide the gist for clinical therapy. METHODS Pathogens isolation, and identification and drug resistance tests were conducted for samples, which were gathered from inpatients in our hospital between Jan 2006 to Dec 2006. Then, MRSA tests were performed for Staphylococcus and ESBLs-producing G-bacilli were also detected. RESULTS Among 4 262 strains pathogens from 10 573 samples, 2 475 strains were G-bacilli (58.1%), 695 strains were G+ bacteria (16.3%) and 1 092 strains were fungi (25.6%).The most common species among 3 170 pathogen strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.3%), Acinetobacter baumannii (10.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.4%), Escherichia coli (8.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10.7%).The clinical departments with higher infective rate were Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Respiratory Disease, ICU, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Department of Geriatrics in order. Drug resistance results showed that the resistance rates of S. aureus to clindamycin, quinolones, and tetracyclines were more than 50%, but no S. aureus was resistant to vancomycin and minocycline. The resistance rates of G-bacilli to imipenem, meropenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam were lower, but with 30-60% of resistance rates to other commonly used antibiotic drug. CONCLUSIONS The pathogens in nosocomial infection are mainly the opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and mostly G-bacilli. The infection due to fungi shows an increasing trend. It should pay attention to the pathogenic detection and rational use of antimicrobial agent.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in our hospital in order to provide evidence to proper use of antibiotic drugs in clinics. METHODS A. baumannii isolates were collected in our hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2006. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk-diffusion method,according to the standards of CLSI/NCCLS, the data were analyzed by WHONET5.4 software. RESULTS The isolating rate of A. baumannii from 2004 to 2006 was 2.5%,3.8%, and 10.9%, respectively.It was distributed mainly from ICU (29.2%), respiratory ward (19.3%) and emergency ward (10.9%). The highest appearing rate was the sputum, up to 78.0%. More than 60% of isolates were resistant to antimicrobial agents tested such as PIP, CTX, CRO and ATM. A. baumannii showed the highest susceptibility to carbopenems with about 80%. CONCLUSIONS The infection of A. baumannii is one of the most complex problems. Therefore, monitoring A. baumannii constantly and regularly, finding out resistant strains timely, and adjusting the treatment regimen are very important to the prevention of nosocomial infection. The disinfection should be strengthened for hospital environment and medical staff in order to control existence and spread of A. baumannii.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug susceptibility of clinical isolates in local region for using antibiotic reasonably. METHODS Totally 3 170 strains of clinical isolates were identified by API and Microscan and tested for drug resistance against antimicrobial agents by K-B method. WHONET5.4 was applied for analysis. RESULTS The commonly encountered bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.3%), Acinetobacter baumannii (10.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.4%), Escherichia coli (8.9%), and Staphylococcus aureus (SA,8.0%). In Gram-negative isolates, the resistance rate to meropenem was 19.7%, and to piperacillin-tazobactam was 26.5%. The incidences of E.coli and K. pneumoniae isolates producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) were 49.1% and 33.5%, respectively. In Gram-positive isolates, the susceptibility rate to vancomycin and teicoplanin both was 100.0%. The oxacillin resistant rates of SA and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CNS) were 54.2.0% and 82.3%. CONCLUSIONS The production ratio of ESBLs and oxacillin resistance of bacteria in local region are high. It is important to promote the rational use of antimicrobial agents and take effective contaminant methods to reduce resistant rates of bacteria and dissemination of multi-resistant bacteria.

AIM: To investigate the expression of iNOS in the lung of HPS rats treated with tumor necrosis factor-? monoclonal antibody(TNF-?-McAb) and to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of TNF-?-McAb on hepatopulmonary syndrome.METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing(250?25)g,were randomized to sham operation group,common bile duct ligation(CBDL) group and CBDL+TNF-? McAb treatment group.Histopathological changes of the lung tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining.The mRNA expression of iNOS in the lungs of hepatopulmonary rats was examined by RT-PCR,while the changes of iNOS in the protein level were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.RESULTS: The inflammatory responses in the CBDL rats treated with TNF-?-McAb decreased than that in CBDL group.Compared to CBDL group,the distribution of iNOS protein and the mRNA expressions in the lung tissue in TNF-?-McAb group were inhibited.CONCLUSION: TNF-?-McAb inhibits the expression of iNOS and plays a role in the treatment of HPS.

Objective To observe the effect and mechanism of Pingwei Xiaodao Capsule (Capsule for functional dyspepsia) on the gastric motility of functional dyspepsia (FD) model rats.Methods Totally 60 wistar rats were randomized into a blank control group (normal group),model group,domperidone group,Pingwei Xiaodao Capsule large,medium,and small dosage groups.Except for the normal group,the rats of all other groups were irritated by clamping tails for making FD models.Then,the treatment was given for 7 days.The comparative observation was carried out on the gastric interdigestive myoelectric complex (IMC),slow wave frequency variation coefficient,abnormal rhythm index,and gastric emptying rate of all groups.Results Compared with the model group,the IMC period of domperidone group and all Pingwei Xiaodao Capsule groups was shortened,phase Ⅲ prolonged,incidence of phase Ⅲ increased(P

Objective To describe X-ray and CT findings of lung in paraquat poisoning.Methods CT and X-ray data of chest in 21 patients with paraquat poisoning were retrospectively analyzed.Results X-ray and CT findings of lung were varied with different time.≤7 d,there were mainly increase of lung marking in 17 cases,ground-grass attenuation in 14 cases and consolidation in 2 cases.7~14 d,increase of lung marking,consolidation and pulmonary fibrosis each could be seen in 4 cases,and 3 cases with ground-grass attenuation.≥14 d,there were pulmonary fibrosis in 4 cases,bronchiectasis in 3 cases,increase of lung marking in 2 cases.Conclusion Chest plain X-ray film and CT are of important value in observing the evolution,evaluating the prognosis and guiding the treatment project for the patients with paraquat poisoning.