OBJECTIVE:To observe the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)at different time in the process of simvastatin-induced apoptosis of K562 cells.METHODS:K562 cells cultivated by routine method for 24h were treated in the 20? mol? L-1 simvastatin for 12,24,48,and 72h,respectively.And theh cell morphological changes were observed.Vitality of K562 cells was detected with MTT;flow cytometry were performed to detect cell apoptotic ratio and changes of mitochondrial membrane potential,and the detection results were compared with those in solvent control group.RESULTS:As compared with control group,the morphology changes of K562 cells such as karyopyconosis,nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic body emerged after treatment with 20? mol? L-1 simvastatin for 48h;the apoptotic ratio at 12,24,48,and 72h increased by(2.55? 0.35)%,(6.1? 0.35)%,(14.15? 0.42)%,and(30.70? 0.65)%,respectively;and the apoptotic ratio of K562 cells increased time-dependently.The cell membrane potential was decreased by(0.7? 0.24)%,(39.6? 4.80)%,(24.4? 2.45)%,and(6.0? 1.62)%,respectively,with that at 24h showing the highest decreasing rate.CONCLUSION:The change of MMP is the early events of apoptosis.The potential mechanism of K562 cells apoptosis induced by simvastatin might be related to the collapse of MMP.

Objective To probe into patients' mental and physical requirements,strengthen medical ethics and serve patients with great humanity.Methods A survey with self-designed questionnaire was conducted to find out satisfaction rates and problems concerned with the relationship between nurses and patients and the percentage was dealt with statistics.Results In emotion,satisfaction rates(SR) of inpatients and the patients who had already left hospital were 96.47% and 96.86% respectively;in communication,their SR were 95.88% and 97.45%;in skill,SR were 95.44% and 97.06%;in basic nursing,SR were 94.41% and 95.07%;in patients' comprehensive evaluation of nurses,thier SR were 95.59% and 96.75%.Conclusion Improvement of the relationship between nurses and patietns depends on heightening ethical level of nursing workers,which is the key measure to effectively mobilize initiative and raise working efficiency and nursing quality.

Traced back to the one decade's development of research ethics in China,the author summarizes the current issues,such as: not sufficient implementing of informed consent,relatively loose review of IRB,IRBs lack ability to improve the review level and not provide much education opportunities to researchers,and not yet take account into the continuous review to the protocols approved before.By comparing the current issues of China and the conditions of U.S.in 1998,we can find some similarities exist,so we can learn from the lessons and experiences of the development of research ethics in the United and the other country,such as adding the model of region ethical review committee,instead of only institutional IRB.The author aims to point out some general ideas about research ethics capacity building,enforce training continuously,government pay much attention to IRB regulation and consider much on cultural elements,which are all bases for the road of sustainable development of research ethics in China.

Fifty-one cases of labyrinthine fistula had been reviewed in 1990-1997 during chronic ear surgery. All cases had a lateral semicircular canal fistula and one case had an additional posterior semicircula canal fistula. There was no relationship between the size of labyrinthine fistula and preoperative bone conduction. 34 cases had chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma,the matrix of the cholesteatoma was completely removed in all patients except one case. Preoperative bone conducton hearing was preserved after removal of cholesteatoma matrix in all cases except the one case.

Objective To investigate the clinical associated risk factors which affect the postpartum urinary incontinence ,providing theoretical basis for early prevention and treatment of this disease . Methods The clinical data of 60 cases who diagnosed postpartum urinary incontinence were collected ,and established database ,and apply regression analysis method were used to analyze the clinical associated risk factors .Results The results showed that BMI(OR=2.534,95%CI:0.975 ~6.489 ),fetal weight (OR =2.342,95%CI:0.723 ~6.575) second stage (OR=3.346,95%CI:0.635~6.673).Conclusion high BMI,fetal weight is heavy,prolonged second stage was re-lated risk factors with postpartum urinary incontinence .

Objective To explore the status quo of knowledge,belief,and practice of anticoagulationrelated self-management in rehabilitation period for patients with haeat valves replacement.Methods Van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology was used as qualitative research method.Twenty patients who had undergone heart valves replacement operation were selected and interviewed.The results of interview were analyzed with category analysis.Results After repeated self-examination,comparison,and summery,four themes were refined,including patients lack anticoagulation-related knowledge and skills in rehabilitation period,the levels of patients' attitudes and beliefs varied greatly,patients' compliance of self-management behavior and taking medicine was low,there were limited channels to get anticoagulation-related information in rehabilitation period.Conclusions More attention should be paid to patients for anticoagulation management after valve replacement operation,especially to those of low literacy,older age,and rural area.Nurses should implement the specific health education about anticoagulation management to patients during discharge guide and following-up period to minimize complications,promote the survival rate,and improve their quality of life.

Objective To compare the effect of vaginal and laparoscopic myomectomy.Methods According to the digital table,98 patients with uterine fibroids were randomly divided into the two groups,the control group(n =4 9 eases) and the observation group (n =4 9 cases).The patients in the control group were operated through laparoscopic myomectomy,while the patients in the observation group were operated through vaginal myomectomy.The operative time,blood loss,postoperative gastric function recovery time,exhaust time,complications,recurrence and quality of life,etc.were observed.Results The operative time,blood volume were (115.4 ± 29.4) min,(191.4 ± 30.2) mL in the control group and (70.1 ± 18.2) min,(156.1 ±21.6)mL in the observation group.The operative time,blood volume in the control group were more than those in the observation group,there were significant differences between the two groups (t =3.169 4,2.162 8,P ＜ 0.05).Gastric function recovery and exhaust time were (2.8 ± 0.7) h,(23.1 ±4.1)h in the control group and (1.3 ±0.5)h,(15.1 ±3.5)h in the observation group.Gastric function recovery and exhaust time in the control group were higher than those in the observation group (t =2.091 4,3.771 8,all P ＜ 0.05).The number of cases of complications and recurrence were 1,2 in the control group and 2,1 in the observation group.There was no significant difference between the two groups about the number of cases of complications and recurrence (x2 =2.02,0.00,all P ＞ 0.05).Quality of life after operation was (7.26 ± 2.01) in the control group,and (8.42 ± 2.17) in the observation group.The quality of life in the observation group improved more significantly than the control group (t =0.361 8,3.901 6,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Vaginal myomectomy had less trauma,quicker recovery,and help to improve the quality of life.

Based on the peak value of power spectral density (PPSD) and corresponding frequency (CF), an approach that performs electroencephalogram (EEG) feature extraction during imaginary right and left hand movements was proposed. The data were gained from brain computer interface competition in 2003 provided by Graz University of Technology. The EEG signals between 8-16 Hz were decomposed by db3 wavelet packet at three levels. The PPSD and CF of electrodes C3 and C4 were defined as the EEG feature vectors and calculated respectively. The left and right hand motor imaginary tasks were distinguished by the time-variable linear classifier. The proposed method was applied to the test data for 140 trials. The satisfactory results were obtained with the highest classification accuracy 89.29%. The maximum mutual information was 0.622 8 bit, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was 1.371 3. The PPSD and its CF on electrodes C3 and C4 between 8 and 16 Hz were coincident with event-related desynchronization (ERD) and event-related synchronization (ERS). This method is simple, quick, and promising for on-line brain computer interface system.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the most common causes of death in the pediatric diabetes,and it is also one of the most common endocrine emergencies in children.With the further studies of this disease,more attentions are paid to the central nervous damage about DKA.The mechanisms about DKA-related cognitive dysfunction from the macro to the micro are constantly updated.This article gives a review on the pathogenesis of the cognitive dysfunction due to DKA.

Objective To observe the influence of parturients hemodynamics and curative effect of preventing hypotension syndrome by using hypotension syndrome prevention bracket in cesarean section with spinal anesthesia.Methods One hundred parturients of cesarean section,ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ,were divided into two groups according to whether the use of hypotension syndrome prevention bracket with 50 cases each:observation group and control group.Control group in anesthesia after the success of the surgery made bed left tilt 15°,and observation group in anesthesia after the success immediate used hypotension syndrome prevention bracket.In the two groups,the change of systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),the incidences of hypotension syndrome and nausea and vomiting during and after operation,and anesthesia to uterine incision time and anesthesia time were observed.Results There was no significant difference in anesthesia to uterine incision time,anesthesia time,intraoperative infusion quantity,amount of bleeding between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of hypotension syndrome and nausea and vomiting in observation group were 8.00％ (4/50) and 4.00％ (2/50),in control group were 42.00％ (21/50) and 24.00％ (12/50),there were significant differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The observation group at 5 min after anesthesia SBP,DBP,MAP were (106.12 ± 12.91),(57.26 ± 11.43),(73.57 ± 11.03) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),and the control group were (95.44 ± 19.53),(50.15 ± 15.53),(66.36 ± 15.64) mm Hg,there were significant differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The observation group at 10 min after anesthesia SBP,DBP,MAP were (104.35 ± 11.86),(55.92 ± 10.81),(72.54 ± 10.37) mm Hg,the control group were (102.31 ± 15.48),(55.12 ± 11.89),(70.72 ± 11.33) mm Hg,there were significant differences between the two groups (P＜ 0.05).The observation group at 3 min after the delivery of fetus and the end of operation DBP,MAP were (54.13 ± 9.14) and (62.63 ± 8.61) mm Hg,(68.13 ± 10.40) and (80.88 ± 9.05) mm Hg,the control group were (49.24 ± 11.55) and (58.04 ± 11.67) mm Hg,(70.57 ± 8.58) and (75.35 ± 10.41) mm Hg,there were significant differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Cesarean section parturients using hypotension syndrome prevention bracket can reduce the occurrence of hypotension syndrome,which can help to maintain the stability of parturients hemodynamics,it is worth of clinical promotion.