Objective To investigate the clinical significance of small incision thoracotomy cardiac surgery in the management of heart diseases.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 115 cases of heart diseases treated with small incision thoracotomy surgery from September 2001 to October 2004 in this hospital.Results There were 108 cases of operation through a right small thoracic incision, 5 cases of robot-assisted operations,and 2 cases of occlusion of atrial septal defect(ASD) through a right small thoracic incision.The extracorporeal circulation time was 21~155 min(mean,145?26 min) and the aorta occlusion time was 8~108 min(mean,28?19 min).No operation-related death was seen.Postoperatively,a re-operation of open surgery was required for stopping bleeding in 1 case(0.9%,1/115),pulmonary atelectasis occurred in 3 cases(2.6%,3/115),and cerebral infarction happened in 2 cases(1.7%,2/115).Follow-up checkups in 82 cases for 6~24 months(mean,18 months) revealed no thoracic deformity.Conclusions With advantages of minimal injury,less bleeding,and quick closure of thoracic incision,right small incision thoracotomy is a good approach for the correction of cardiac deformities.

Forty-seven patients with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension were treated surgically. Among them, 31 were male and 16 female. The age ranged from 2 to 47(13. 7? 11. 2) years. Gongenital heart abnormalities included ventricular septal defect (VSD) in 20, huge atrial septal defect (ASD) in 1, VSD+ASI) in 12, VSD with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 6, endocardial cushion in 2, VSD with aortopulmonary septal defect (APSD) in 1, double outlet right ventricle with PDA in 1 and total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 1. Right heart catheterization was performed in 15 cases. The mean pulmonary artery pressure was (73 ? 24)mmHg, total pulmonary resistance was (78. 0 ?61. 2)kPa/(L/s). There were 7 cases examined in operation. Their mean pulmonary artery pressure was (55?13)mmHg. The others were examined by echocardiography. The mean pulmonary artery pressure was (49?15)mmHg. All patients were treated pre-op-eratively with oxygen inhalation therapy, hyperbaric oxygenation, prostaglandin E1 , respectively according to the degree of pulmonary hypertension. During cardiopulmonary bypass, pulmonary artery perfusion was performed with protective solution containing aprotinin for lung protection. Vasoactive drugs were routinely administrated postoperatively. There were 2 operative deaths with hospital mortality rate of 4. 3%. The cause of deaths was severe low cardiac output syndrome. The postoperative morbidity rate was 4. 3%. Our conclusion is proper peri-operative management could reduce post-operative mortality and morbidity for congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy in activation of astrocytes in the spinal cord of rats with neuropathic pain (NP).Methods One hundred thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =34 each) using a random number table: sham operation group (group S), group NP, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (group MA), and autophagy activator rapamycin group (group R).NP was induced by chronic constriction injury.In 3-MA and R groups, 3-MA 15 mg/kg and rapacymin 10 mg/kg were injected intraperitoneally, respectively, at 1 h before NP.Ten rats were randomly selected, and the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured before NP and at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after NP.Before NP and at 1, 3 and 7 days after NP, 6 rats were randomly sacrificed, the L4-6 segments of the spinal cord was harvested to detect microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ), Beclin-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression by Western blot.Results Compared with group S, the MWT was significantly decreased, the TWL was shortened, and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ , Beclin-1 and GFAP was up-regulated at each time point after NP in group NP (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group NP, the MWT was significantly decreased, the TWL was shortened, the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was down-regulated, and the expression of GFAP was up-regulated at each time point after NP in group MA, and the MWT was significantly increased, the TWL was prolonged, the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was up-regulated, and the expression of GFAP was down-regulated at each time point after NP in group R (P＜0.05).Conclusion Autophagy is involved in the development and maintenance of NP through promoting the activation of astrocytes in the spinal cord of rats.

Background Evidences, from recent studies, suggested that Borna disease virus (BDV) infection might be associated with human neuropsychosis, especially psychiatric disorders including depressive disorder(DD). However, controversy existed about the association between BDV infection and pathogenesis of DD. This study was to explore further whether the infection of Borna disease virus (BDV) is associated with the pathogenesis of depressive disorder (DD).Methods The p 24 fragment of BDV RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 60DD patients and 120 healthy volunteers was detected by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (nRT-PCR) combined with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQPCR). Positive products were cloned and sequenced before being compared with Strain V and strain He/80, from humans and animals.Results The positive rate (5%, 3/60) of BDV p 24 in PBMCs from the DD patients was significantly higher than that (0%, 0/120) from healthy volunteers ( P＜0. 05). The gene sequence for the positive products showed BDV p 24 in PBMCs from DD patients in Chongqing was most homophylic with H1766 strain detected from iii horses (97.68%), with 2 situs mutations (nt 1675 T→C, nt 1678 C→T), and also similar to the standard strain V(96. 51%)and He/80(95.35 %), with basic exchanges limited to T- C and A→G.Conclusions There was BDV infection in the DD patients in China, which indicated that the pathogenesis of DD in human beings in Chongqing might be associated with the infection of BDV.

Objective To share the experience of heart thransplantation. Methods 3 recipients with terminal myocardiosis were reviewed. The transplantation was performed with inferior and superior vena anastomofic technique. During perioperative period, we selected and maintained the recipients, protected donor-isolated heart, supported circulation,decreased immune reaction and controlled infections. Results All the 3 patients survived. Heart function improved from NYHA class 1V before heart transplant to NYHA class Ⅰ, Ⅱ. The follow-up time was 19 months ,28 months and 49 months respectively. Rejection occurred in two cases due to non-compliance to medication. Conclusions Suitable recipient, proper donor heart procurement and preservation, suitable maintenance of circulation, proper managements of anti-immunitive reaction, prevention of infections are critical for successfal heart transplantation. Medicine-take required may avoid or reduce rejection.

AIM: To investigate the analgesic effect and possible mechanism of Fufang Xiaojingtong Capsule(Radix astragali;Radix paeoniae alba,Radix et Rhizoma ginseng,Radix rehmanniae praeparata;Rhizoma chuanxiong)(FFXJTC) on oxytocin-induced dysmenorrhea in rats. METHODS: Sixty rats were randomly divided into normal control group(control),dysmenorrhea model group(model),high dose(2.0 g/kg),middle dose(1.0 g/kg) and low dose(0.5 g/kg)groups of treatment by FFXJTC,and Tianqi Tongjing Capsule(TQTJC) group(2.0 g/kg).Diethylstilbestrol was continuously subcutaneous injection for 10 d once a day in rats of all groups except rats of control group.FFXJTC was administrated ig for 7 d in rats of all groups except for model group given distillated water.After administration of oxytocin(0.2U) in every rat,the frequency of stretching writhing was recorded within 30 min.The blood was drawn 1 h after administration of oxytocin.The contents of nitric oxide(NO)and malondiadehyde(MDA) and activities of SOD and GSH-PX were respectively determined in serum. The contents of 6-Keto PGF_(1?) and TXB_2 were respectively determined in plasma.Uterus was dissected and homogenated for endothelin(ET-1) measurement. RESULTS: Compared with that of model group,frequency of stretching writhing decreased significantly,the activities of SOD and GSH-PX were markedly enhanced,NO content increased and MDA content decreased in serum,and 6-Keto PGF_(1?) content increased and TXB_2 content decreased in plasma in FFXJTC group. CONCLUSION: FFXJTC has an analgesic effect on dysmenorrhea induced by oxytocin in rats,its mechanism may be related to anti-oxidization,decreasing the contents of TXA_2 and ET-1,increasing the contents of NO and PGI_2.

Objective To observe the effect of Huangxiong Kangshuan capsule on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods Ninety-two patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicinefrom July 2013 to December 2016 were enrolled, and they were divided into an observation group (47 cases) and a control group (45 cases) by random number table. The control group was given conventional treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, while the observation group was additionally treated by Huangxiong Kangshuan capsule orally taken, once 3 tablets, 3 times a day, on the basis of routine treatment; the duration of treatment was 2 weeks in both groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, the clinical effects of the two groups and the changes of serum hs-CRP and IL-6 levels were observed.Results After treatment, the levels of serum hs-CRP and IL-6 were decreased significantly compared with those before treatment in the two groups [observation group: hs-CRP (mg/L) was 6.18±2.17 vs. 14.11±3.01, IL-6 (ng/L): 28.10±11.47 vs. 120.83±24.51; control group: hs-CRP (mg/L) was 8.89±2.46 vs. 13.97±2.69, IL-6 (ng/L) was 49.48±16.43 vs. 115.25±24.05], and the degree of decline in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group [hs-CRP (mg/L): 6.18±2.17 vs. 8.89±2.46, IL-6 (ng/L): 28.10±11.47 vs. 49.48±16.43, bothP < 0.01]; the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [87.2% (41/47) vs. 71.1% (32/45),P < 0.05]. Conclusion Huangxiong Kangshuan capsule can decrease the serum hs-CRP and IL-6 levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and has a role in brain protection and nerve function defect improvement.

From August, 1984 to February, 1985, We kept a synchronous observation of 92mothers and their babies on the relationship of iron status between them. The 92 pregnantwomen, of whom the gestational periods were not longer than 36 weeks, were divided rando-mly into wo groups: a medication group and a control group. For all, Hb, Hct, FEPand SF were tested. In the 4th week after labor, Hb, Hct and SF of the mothers ofthe medication group were higher than that of the control group (P

Aim To observe the effects of promethazine on the analgesia,hypnosis,amnesia and therapeutic index of isoflurane.Methods The experiments were designed to study promethazine on the analgesic effect of isoflurane by hot-plate test and writhing test,and to study the effect of promethazine on the sleeping time of isoflurane by the method of righting reflex,and the amnesia of isoflurane by Morris water maze,and the ED_(50),LD_(50) by sequential method in mice.Results The result of hot-plate test and writhing test indicated that promethazine could enhance the analgesic effect of isoflurane(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);through the experiment of righting reflex, sleeping time of isoflurane in mice was extended by promethazine(P＜0.01);in Morris water maze experiment, the average latency in the combination of promethazine and isoflurane was longer than that of the promethazine group or isoflurane group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), while aiming to the residence time, the combination of the two was shorter than that in the third quadrant(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),the TCPP of the group of isoflurance was more than that of the combination group;promethazine could decrease the ED_(50) of isoflurance(P＜0.01),but it did not obviously affect its LD_(50)(P＞0.05).Conclusion Promethazine can not only reinforce the effect of isoflurance on analgesia,hypnosis and amnesia, but also boost the therapeutic index of isoflurance.