Based on the campus network platform,the "pathological information resources for teaching" for specific applications in pathology teaching,was built which can collect resources to strengthen pathology integration and the building of pathology courses to enhance the enthusiasm of the students,promote the process of modernization of school education.

Objective To design and apply ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention checklist in ICU.Methods The ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention checklist was designed by referring to guidelines and related literature.The checklist was applied to ventilator-dependent patients.The head of nursing group evaluated prevention status of ventilator-associated pneumonia performed by nurses every day.Results After application of the checklist,the average indwelling time of tracheal catheter and the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia decreased among ICU patients.Conclusion Using the ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention checklist in quality management in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia can shorten the average indwelling time of tracheal catheter,and reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia,and the checklist can be promoted and applied.

Objective To measure the concentration of the amniotic fluid EPO(AFEPO) and investigate the relationship between AFEPO levels and fetal hypoxia. Methods Their AFEPO and the umbilical vein serum EPO (UVSEPO) were measured thirty pregnancy induced hypertension pregnancies (PIH group) , 30 gestational diabetic pregnancies (Diabetic group) and 25 normal pregnancies (control group) were terminated by cesarean section by using a chemiluminescent enzyme labeled immunometric assay (CELIMA). Meantime, umbilical artery pH (UapH), base excess(UaBE) and UapO2 and so on were also measured. Results The mean concentrations of AFEPO and UVSEPO in PIH (1.42?0.33 and 1.63?0.37) and Diabetic group (1.53?0.25 and 1.81? 0.34) were significantly higher than those in control group (0.91?0.11 and 1.13?0.14), ( P

Objective To evaluate the effect of tranilast on chronic cyclosporin A(CsA)nephrotoxicity rats and the possible mechanisms of protective effect of it.Methods Rats were on low salt diet and CsA was administered by gastric gavage at a dose of 20 mg/(kg?d)for 28 days,and tranilast was gave to these rats in a dose of 400 mg/(kg?d).The renal function and renal morphology were observed at1,2 and 4 weeks after administration of tranilast.Results CsA induced the corruption of normal condition and weight lost were markedly delayed after administration of tranilast.On histopathology tranilast attenuated tubular cells vacuolations as well as interstitial damage including interstitial ED1+ macrophages infiltration and focal interstitial fibrosis.Meanwhile,tranilast down-regulated the protein of OPN in kidney.Conclusion Tranilast can attenuate the structural changes of kidney in chronic CsA nephrotoxicity rats.Decreased CsA-related ED1+ macrophages,OPN up-regulation expression in the kidney may be related to mechanisms of protective effect of tranilast in the treatment of CsA induced chronic nephrotoxicity.

Objective To explore the extent of axillary lymph node dissection in breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes.Methods In this series,95 patients underwent complete axillary lymph node dissection (CALND) following positive sentinel lymph nodes identified and 97 patients underwent partial axillary lymph node dissection (PALND) at the absence of positive sentinel lymph nodes.The influence of different extent of axillary lymph node dissection was evaluated.Results The positive rate of level(Ⅰ + Ⅱ) non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSLN) and level Ⅲ lymph nodes was 68.4％ and 29.5％,respectively,in CALND group.In PALND situation,57.9％ CALND cases would have changed pathologic stage from pN1 to pN2 or pN3.But with level Ⅲ lymph node dissection followed PALND,only 2.1％ cases had changed pathologic stage from pN2 to pN3.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the number of positive SLNs (OR =2.157) and positive rate of SLNs (OR =10.374) were risk factors for having positive level Ⅲ lymph nodes.CALND needed longer operation time and larger postoperative drainage volume.Conclusions In cases of breast cancer with ≥ 3 positive sentinel lymph nodes,complete axillary lymph node dissection should be considered.

Objective:To investigate the role of the expression of E-cadherin(E-Cad) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2(TIMP-2) in carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:The E-Cad and TIMP-2 expressions were studied immun ohistochemistrically in 30 specimens of colorectal adenoma and 60 specimens of CRC.Results:The expression rates of E-Cad were 87.10% in colorectal adenoma and 55.00% in CRC, the former was apparently higher than that of the later (P0.05);The significant relationship was observed between low TIMP-2 expression and Dukes stage, metastasis of lymph node and distant organs and poor prognosis.Conclusion:The detection of expression about E-Cad and TIMP-2 may be helpful to judge the malignant behavior and metastasis and prognosis with colorectal carcinoma,furthermore the expression of TIMP-2 may be used to know prognosis of patients.

Objective To examine the clinical effect and learning curve of endoscopic thyroidectomy via chest-areolar approach in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Methods From January 2012 to May 2016,49 patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomies via chest-areolar approach in Xuanwu Hospital ,Capital medical university. The clinical characteristics ,prognosis and operation time were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 9 groups according to the surgical sequence ,and the learning curves were analyzed by using moving average method. Results 49 endoscopic thyroidectomies via chest-areolar approach were performed successfully. The average size of the nodules was(2.80 ± 0.62)cm. 10 patients underwent bilateral thyroidectomy and 39 underwent unilateral thyroidectomy. The average operation time was(157.49 ± 21.23)min. 2 cases received re-operation due to postoperative pathology of malignancy. There were no postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries. 11 patients suffered from asymptomatic hypocalcemia with parathyroid hormone in the normal range. All of the patients were satisfied with the cosmetic results. The learning curves indicated that 35 endoscopic thyroidectomies were needed to be performed in the early study stage. Conclusions For surgeons with experience of conventional thyroidectomies,endoscopic thyroidectomy via chest-areolar approach is feasible and safe for selected patients. There is a significant learning curve in the application of endoscopic thyroidectomy. In the early study stage of endo-scopic thyroidectomy,35 cases are basically required for beginning surgeons to practice the surgical operation.

Objective To study the roles of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1(sICAM 1) in the pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Methods Serum levels of sICAM 1 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 65 women with PIH (PIH group : 15 mild PIH, 24 moderate PIH and 26 severe PIH) and 25 normal pregnant women (control group). The serum levels of IL 1? and TNF ? were measured by chemiluminescent ELISA at the same time. Results Serum concentrations of sICAM 1 were significantly higher ( P

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of the short-segment nerve conduction studies (SSCSs,inching test) of the peroneal nerve across the fibular head in order to diagnose and localize the site of entrapment of the nerve.Methods Fifty-four patients with suspected peroneal nerve palsy and 30 controls were studied.The symptoms all occurred in unilateral leg,involving 25 left legs and 29 right legs.Both long segment motor nerve conduction studies (LSMCs) and SSCSs were performed in all patients and controls.SSCSs were obtained at 2 cm intervals,starting 6 cm proximal (P6,P4 and P2) and 4 cm distal (D2 and D4) ending to the fibular head prominence (P).Results When nerve conduction of the entire 10 cm segment across the fibular head was tested by the conventional method,only 40 showed reduction in amplitude or slowing of motor conduction velocity or both.However,with SSCSs,54 peroneal nerves were all discovered abnormal.The results of comparison of conventional methods suggested that there were significant differences in conduction velocity between the fibular head-Ankle segment and the knee-fibular head segment in the case group,the latter ((33.63 ± 9.29) m/s) being slower than the former ((47.92 ± 4.04) m/s;t =9.776,P =0.000),while there was no obvious abnormality in the control group.The results of the control group detected by SSCSs showed that there was no significant difference between the left and right sides of the mean amplitude of the stimulation points and the mean time of segmental nerve conduction.Therefore,we set the exception criteria as the segmental nerve conduction time is longer than the corresponding control group (i + 2 s),and the CMAP amplitude of proximal stimulation point decreased by more than 20％ than the adjacent distal segment.In accordance with this standard,we found that the lesions were located in P6 to P4 in 2/54 (3.7％) legs,P4 to P2 in 4/54 (7.4％) legs,P2 to P in 43/54 (79.6％) legs,P to D2 in 12/54 (22.2％) legs,D2 to D4 in 3/54 (5.6％) legs,respectively.Consequently,the P2 to P segment was most vulnerable to damage.Conclusions SSCSs are more sensitive in detecting the entrapment of the peroneal nerve across the fibular head than the LSMCs.SSCSs could precisely localize the entrapment lesions,might be a useful tool especially for the detection of mild entrapment which has normal LSMCs findings of the peroneal nerve across the fibular head.

Objective To explore the relationship between atherosclerotic plaque stability and junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) in atherosclerotic mice.Methods Twenty-six apolipoprotein E gene knockout(ApoE-/-) mice were divided into three groups.Group A (six mice) was control group,group B (ten mice) was disposed by ligation and high-fat diet and group C was disposed by high-fat diet with ten mice.The formation process of plaques were observed with high resolution ultrasound(22 MHz),and plaque markers were detected to evaluate palque stability for secondary grouping (group D was vulnerable plaque group and group E was stable plaque group).The plaque stability were evaluated by plaque vulnerability index and the expression of JAM-A were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining.The relationship between atherosclerotic plaque stability and JAM-A in atherosclerotic mice were estimated with statistical methods at last.Results There was no plaque in carotid artery of group A.On the contrary,obvious plaques were observed in carotid artery of group B and C.The total serum lipids level in group A was normal.But high-fat diet could obviously decrease the serum HDL-cholesterol level of group B and group C when compared with the controls(P ＜0.05).High-fat diet could increase the ratio of non-HDL-cholesterol (TC,TG,LDL).As shown with pathological staining,the content of extracellular lipids and foam cells in the plaque were significantly increased vs.control (P ＜ 0.05).On the contrary,the content of smooth muscle cells and collagen fibers were significantly increased vs.control(P ＜0.05).The plaque vulnerability index of group D was higher than that in group E(P ＜0.01).The expression of JAMA was increased in group D and E,and in group D was higher(P ＜0.01).While,few JAM-A expression in group A.There was significant correlation between plaque vulnerability index and JAM-A (P＜0.01).Conclusions High resolution uhrasound(22 MHz) can observe the formation of carotid plaque in ApoE-/-mice.There was a positive correlation between JAM-A expression and the vulnerability of plaque in carotid artery.JAM-A might be used for evaluation of plaque stability as a new indicator.