Objective: To observe the effect of ω-3 fish oil emulsion on the experimental severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)through the morphologic alteration of pancreas,the level of serum amylase(AMS)and the functions of liver and kidney,and explore its possible mechanism. Methods: Rat model of SAP was produced by injecting 5% Sodium Cholate(1 ml/kg)into the biliopancreatic duct.Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal group(n=6),fish oil emulsion treatment group(FOG,n=18),soybean oil emulsion treatment group(SOG,n=18) and normal sodium treatment group(NSG,n=18).Then fish oil emulsion(FO,10 ml/kg);soybean oil emulsion(SO,10 ml/kg)and normal sodium(NS,10 ml/kg)were intravenously injected respectively 120 minutes.The pancreatitis were confirmed by levels of serum AMS and histopathologic score.ALT,AST,BUN and Cr were tested 24 hours after the treatments.Expressions of IL-1β and IL-10 were tested by ELISA.The activated NF-kappa B was examined in the pancreases. Results: Lower level of serum AMS(P<0.05)and lower histopathology score(P<0.05) appeared in FOG.Compared with NS,FO decreased the levels of serum ALT and BUN significantly (P<0.05).FO significantly attenuated the expression of IL-1β (P<0.05).FO downregulated the activity of NF-kappa B efficiently.Conclusions: By down-regulating the levels of IL-1β together with up-regulating the level of IL-10,FO reduces inflammatory damage at the beginning of AP.

Objective To evaluate effects of daily average temperature on the occurrence of urticaria in Lanzhou city,and to analyze differences in the effects between different populations.Methods Time-series data on daily outpatient visits for urticaria between January 1,2007 and December 31,2013 were collected from the First Hospital of Lanzhou University and Lanzhou University Second Hospital.Daily meteorological data during this peroid were obtained from the Gansu Meteorological Bureau.Distributed lag non-linear models were used to analyze the association between daily average temperature and occurrence of urticaria,and the analysis was stratified by age and gender.Results The association between daily average temperature and daily number of outpatient visits for urticaria was nonlinear.Low temperature had significant lag effects on the daily number of outpatient visits for urticaria,with the maximum relative risk (RR) value (1.014 [95％ CI 1.000-1.023]) observed at 6 ℃ on lag day 18.Stratification analysis demonstrated that the effects of high temperature on the number of outpatient visits for urticaria were apparent on the day of exposure in age groups of 0-18 and 19-64 years,but decreased on the day of exposure in the age group ≥ 65 years.The effects of low temperature,which showed similar trends along with the increment of lag days in all groups,were relatively delayed and occurred 2 to 4 days after exposure.Conclusions Air temperature affects the occurrence of urticaria in Lanzhou city.Low temperature has evident lag effects on the occurrence of urticaria,while high temperature does not have.

Objective The aim of this report was to study the early and mid-term outcome in hospital and follow-up mortality, predictors for late pulmonary stenosis (PAS) and insufficiency of neo-aortic valve (neo-AVI) in patients with transposition of great arteries (TGA) and Taussig-Bing malformation undergoing arterial switch operation ( ASO ). Methods Between January 2004 and December 2007, 169 patients (129 male, 40 female; mean age of [(11.71 ± 26.3 ) months] with TGA or Taussig-Bing malformation underwent ASO. The patients were divided into Group Ⅰ (n = 56 ): TGA with intact ventricular septum and Group Ⅱ ( n = 113 ): TGA with ventricular septal defect (VSD). All patients were followed up in out-patient department by ultrasonic cardiogram. The mean follow-up periods was (27.66 ± 14.6 ) months. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors. Results The overall hospital mortality was 11.24% (19/169)and there was no significant difference between the two Groups. With the improving of perioperative management, the hospital mortality decreased from 16.67% in 2004 to 3.92% in 2007. The overall actuarial survival at 1-, 3- and 5-year follow-up was 94.00%,91.33%, and 91.33%, respectively. The multivariate analysis revealed that age above 6 months was a strong predictor for poor postoperative survival. Predictors for neo-AVI were: combined with VSD, age > 6 months and postoperative neo-AVI Z-score > 1. Predictors for moderate to severe PAS were age ＜ 1 months and pulmonary artery plasty with an unstretchable patch. Conclusion ASO remains the optimal choice for treating various forms of TGA with an acceptable early and mid-term outcome regarding overall survival rate. Patients with TGA should be treated as early as possible. Age >6 months is a predictor for poor postoperative survival and neo-AVI. Mismatch between the neo-aortic root and distal aorta may induce neo-AVI. Unstretchable patch in pulmonary artery plasty may induce PAS.

Objective To explore the influence of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on the learning and memory ability using a rat model of vascular dementia (VD).Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and divided into a normal group,a sham operation group,a VD group and an HBOT group,each of 15 rats using a random number table.The improved four-vessel method was used to establish a VD model in all except the rats in the normal group,but for the sham operation group,the vertebral artery was not subjected to firing and the arteria carotis communis was not clipped.The HBOT group was then given HBOT for 7 days.The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate their learning and memory ability of all 4 groups.Results Compared to the normal group,the mean escape latency of the sham operation group,the VD group and the HBOT group was significantly longer in each case (P＜0.05).Their platform quadrant crossing times were also significantly less,and their quadrant swimming distance as a proportion of their total swimming distance was significantly smaller (P＜0.05).Compared with the sham operation group,the mean escape latency of the VD and HBOT groups was significantly longer (P＜0.05),the times of crossing platform quadrant were less and their quadrant swimming distance was a smaller proportion of their total swimming distance.As compared with the VD group,the mean escape latency of the HBOT group was significantly shorter [(25.73±6.20) s],the average platform quadrant crossing times were significantly more [(9.51±2.25) times] and the platform quadrant swimming distance of the HBOT group was significantly longer [(494.72±208.26)],representing a significantly larger proportion of the total swimming distance [(28.71 ± 5.32) ％] (P＜0.05).Conclusion HBOT can effectively improve learning and memory in vascular dementia,at least in rats.

Objective To evaluate effects of the daily average temperature on the daily number of outpatient visits for eczema in Lanzhou city.Methods Clinical data were obtained from outpatients with eczema in the Department of Dermatology of 2 third-grade class-A hospitals in Lanzhou city from January 1st 2007 to December 31st 2015,and meteorological data during this period were also collected.Controlling for confounding factors like long-term trends and day of the week,a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) fitted with quasi-Poisson link function was used to assess the effects of daily average temperature on the daily number of outpatient visits for eczema,and the analysis was stratified by season,age and gender.Results The exposure-response relationship between the daily average temperature and daily number of outpatient visits for eczema could be roughly described by a W-shaped curve.Stratification analysis showed that the effect of the daily average temperature on outpatient visits for eczema was strongest in autumn and winter,followed by summer,and weakest in spring.Low temperature may have lagged,cumulative and persistent effects on the daily number of outpatient visits for eczema,with the maximum relative risk (RR) value (1.12 [95％ CI:1.03-1.22]) observed at-9 ℃ on lag day 14.With a 1 ℃decrease in the temperature,16％ (RR =1.16,95％ CI:1.00-1.03),14％ (RR =1.14,95％ CI:1.02-1.26) and 13％ (RR =1.13,95％ CI:1.02-1.25) increases in the daily number of outpatient visits for eczema were observed in men,teenagers and middle-aged adults respectively (P ＜ 0.05).However,low temperature had no significant effects on outpatient visits for eczema among women or the elderly (P ＞0.05).The effect of high temperature usually occurred following exposure without lag periods,and was gradually weakened over lag time (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In Lanzhou,the effect of daily average temperature on outpatient visits for eczema was strongest in autumn and winter.Changes of the daily temperature may be one of risk factors for eczema.Low temperature had lagged effects on the daily number of outpatient visits for eczema,and the effects were strongest on lag day 14.

Objective To study whether amputation of the tail extremity could induce change of Fos protein expression in mice ACC neurons , and explore the role of NK?1 receptor in the change. Methods Immunohistochemistry technique was adopted to study Fos protein expression change in mice ACC neurons at 0.25 h,0.5 h,1 h,2 h after amputation of the tail extremity 2.5 cm,and also the effect of NK?1 receptor antagonist GR82334(iv)or GR82334(ith)in the change. Results Fos protein expression in mice ACC neurons was significantly increased at 0.25 h,0.5 h after the amputation,and reached its peak at 1 h after the amputation,then started to decrease at 2 h after the amputation. GR82334(iv)com?pletely antagonized the significant augment in Fos protein expression in mice ACC neurons after the amputation ,but the antagonism of GR82334 (ith)was incomplete. Conclusion Amputation of the tail extremity could significantly increase the Fos protein expression of mice ACC neurons in a time?dependent manner. Both peripheral and central NK?1 receptors were involved in the process. However ,there are also central conduction pathways of other receptors and neurotransmitters involved in the significant augment in Fos protein expression in mice ACC neurons after amputa?tion.

Objective:To explore the influence of selective fetoscopic laser occlusion of chorioangiopagous vessels (FLOC) versus Solomon surgery in the management of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) on procedure-related complications, fetal survival rate, and residual anastomoses.Methods:A total of 59 pregnant women with TTTS who underwent FLOC in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2018 to March 2020 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into Solomon ( n=33) and selective FLOC groups ( n=26) based on the FLOC operation method. Placentae of 25 pregnant women (15 in the Solomon group, 10 in the selective FLOC group) with both survival twins were perfused to observe the type and diameter of the residual anastomoses. Fetal survival rate, procedure-related complications, and the type and diameter of residual anastomoses were analyzed and compared between the two groups using two independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. Results:(1) The operating time of Solomon was shorter than that of selective FLOC [74 min (60-90 min) vs 95 min (81-123 min), Z=2.906, P=0.004]. But no statistically significant differences in the gestational week at operation, time of pregnancy end, and the interval between operation and pregnancy end was observed between the two groups (all P>0.05). (2) There was no statistically significant difference in the survival rate of both twins, one fetus, at least one fetus, and the incidence of postoperative twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS) and recurrent TTTS in the Solomon group and selective FLOC group [64%(21/33) vs 50%(13/26), χ2=1.107; 15%(5/33) vs 35%(9/26), χ2=3.044; 79%(26/33) vs 85%(22/26), χ2=0.326; 3%(1/33) vs 12%(3/26), χ2=1.368; 0% (0/33) vs 4%(1/26), χ2=1.118; all P>0.05]. (3) There was no statistically significant difference in the number of placentae with residual anastomoses or the number of artery-to-vein, vein-to-artery, artery-to-artery, and vein-to-vein anastomoses between the two groups (7/15 vs 6/10, 2/8 vs 4/15, 3/8 vs 4/15, 2/8 vs 5/15, 1/8 vs 2/15; Fisher's exact test, all P>0.05), but the diameter of the residual anastomoses in the Solomon group was smaller than that in the selective FLOC group [(0.8±0.3) and (2.2±0.7) mm, t=0.764, P=0.034]. (4) Among the four pregnant women developed TAPS after operation, one patient had two residual artery-to-vein anastomoses in the placenta with diameter of 0.54 mm and 0.43 mm, respectively; one patient had one artery-to-vein anastomosis with a diameter of 0.64 mm; one had one artery-to-artery and one vein-to-vein anastomosis with diameter of 1.56 mm and 1.89 mm, respectively. Conclusions:Compared with selective FLOC, Solomon surgery can reduce the vessel diameter of residual anastomoses in women with TTTS, but does not reduce postoperative complications, nor improve the pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: To development of ethylene glycol samples in silicone tubes, and the samples were applied to inter-laboratory comparison, through it to evaluate the detection capacity of occupational health testing laboratories. Methods: Three content levels of ethylene glycol samples in silicone tubes were prepared, and the homogeneity and stability of samples were investigated, the results were statistically analyzed. A robust statistical four-point distance method was used to calculate the results submitted by each participant laboratory and the test capability of the laboratory was assessed by the z-score method. Results: The statistic of the homogeneity of ethylene glycol samples in silicone tubes were less than the critical value (P>0.05) , and the samples were stable at room temperature for one month. The satisfactory rate of comparison between 204 laboratories was 88.24%. Conclusion The homogeneity and stability of the ethylene glycol samples in the silicone tubes can meet the requirements of proficiency testing and can be used for laboratory comparison. Most of the laboratories that participated in the comparison had the ability to detect ethylene glycol.

Objective The postoperative outcomes of transposition of the great arteries with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) are still controversial. Based on relative large data, we evaluated the relationship between preoperative pulmonary hypertension and postoperative early and midterm clinical outcomes. Methods In this retrospective study, a cohort of consecutive patients with TGA was studied. One hundred and one patients underwent artery switch operation between February 2004 and October 2007. Preoperative medical records were reviewed. The mean follow-up period was 22.6 months. All artery switch operations were performed through a median sternotomy utilizing extracorporeal circulation. Deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest were used in 6 patients. After sternotomy, pulmonary arterial pressure was measured directly. According preoperative mean pulmonary pressure ( mPAP), patients were divided into three groups: normal group ( mPAP ＜25mmHg, n =43), moderate PH group ( mPAP between 25 to 50mmHg, n = 47) and severe PH group ( mPAP ≥50mmHg, n = 11 ). The methods of coronary anastomosis were "open trap door" ( 39 cases), "bay window" (61 cases) and "pulmonary artery tunnel" ( 1 case)techniques. Besides repairing of atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect, ligation of patent ductus arteriosus, concomitsnt operations also involved mitral valvuloplasty (5 patients), tricuspid valvuloplasty (2 patients), pulmonary valvuloplasty (5 patients), pulmonary artery transplantation ( 1 patient ), subvalvular membrane resection ( 2 patients), widening of the right ventricular outflow tract ( 1 patient ) and collateral circulation occlusion ( 1 patient). The early and late postoperative results were compared among different groups. Results After operation, mPAP in severe PH group decreased from (61.2 ± 8.6 ) mmHg to ( 34.6 ± 13.6 ) mmHg( P ＜ 0.01 ). In moderate PH group it decreased from ( 34.5 ± 6.7 ) mmHg to ( 21.3 ± 5.6) mmHg( P ＜ 0.0l ). mPAP was not significantly changed in the control group. Operative mortality was 7.9% ( 8 patients ).The causes of early death were low output syndrome in 3 patients, septicemia in 4, central nervous system complications in 1.There was no difference in the postoperative complication rates among three groups. Also, no significant differences were found between groups regarding the early operative mortality (control group: 7.0%, moderate PH group: 8.5%, severe PH group:9.1%, P = 0.953 ). Combined abnormity contributed to postoperative death. Patients with ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus had a higher mortality rate. During follow-up 8 patients died: 5 in control group ( 11.6% ), 5 in moderate PH group ( 10.6% ) and 6 in severe PH group (54.5% ), P ＜ 0.01. Causes of midterm death were sudden death in 10, progressive heart failure in 4, pneumonia in 2. The rates of midterm mortality of the three groups were significantly different ( 11.6%,10.6% and 54.5% for control, moderate PH and severe PH group, respectively, P = 0.001 ). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for patients with different age groups showed that survival rate in group with age older than 1 year was lower ( P = 0.029 ).Conclusion In TGA/PH patients, mPAP lower than 50 mmHg is suitable for artery switch operation and can get satisfying postoperative outcomes. If mPAP higher than 50 mmHg, even though the operation may decrease the pulmonary pressure, radical artery switch operation should not be recommended because of higher late mortality.

Objective Explore the reversibility and potential molecular mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension in pa-tients with complete transposition of the great arteries (cTGA) combined with ventricular septal defect (VSD) in comparison with those with simple VSD. Methods Twenty-four patients with pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary arterial pressure was greater than 30 mmHg) were enrolled in our study, in which 10 patients suffered from cTGA with VSD, and the rest 14 pa-tients suffered from simple VSD. Lung specimens were taken from the right middle lobe of lung before cardiopulmonary bypass. The extent of pulmonary hypertension was then graded according to the Heath-Edwards classification. ELISA was used to exam-ine the expression of eNOS, iNOS, ET-1, ET-AR, ET-BR, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP in all the specimens. Results No statistically significant differences in age, height, weight, the size of VSD, and the pulmonary artery pressure before operation were found between the groups. The level of hemoglobin, aortic and pulmonary arterial oxygen saturation, and the reduction value of pulmonary arterial pressure after surgery were significantly higher in the cTGA patients than that in the simple VSD pa-tients (P < 0.05). All patients had grade 0 - Ⅱ Heath-Edwards changes in their lung biopsy samples. The expression of eNOS and MMP-2 was significantly lower in the TGA group than that in the simple VSD group [eNOS: (280.13 ± 101.92) ng/mg vs. (488.41±249.6) ng/mg, P<0.05; MMP-2:(31.68±15.36)ng/mg vs. (69.28±49.12)ng/mg, P<0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the expression of iNOS, ET-1, ET-AR, ET-BR,MMP-9 or TIMP. Conclusion The imbalance of the NOS/ET system and the MMP/TIMP system involves in the development of pulmonary hypertension in patients with TGA combined with VCD. In patients with cTGA, the high oxygenation state in pul-monary circulation may decrease the expression of MMP2 and eNOS, and may affect the progress of pulmonary hypertension to a certain extent.