The literatures in the PubMed between 1954～2009 on following aspects, such as grip strength assessment tools and Methods , influence factors, endurance of grip strength, test reliability was reviewed. It showed that grip strength is influenced by many factors, and standardized procedure and method should be recommended in the clinical practice for accurate outcome.

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Objective To explore the test-retest reliability of the computerized dynamometer to measure the grip strength in the healthy subjects and cervical radiculopathy patients, and investigate their characteristics. Methods The grip strength of 20 healthy subjects and 26 radiculopathy patients were measured with dynamometer, including the maximal voluntary grip strength at 5 width twice and the 10 s sustained isometric grip at the second width (45 mm) of the dynamometer once. Results The Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.947～0.989 in healthy subjects, and 0.903～0.960 in cervical radiculopathy patients. The maximal voluntary grip strength of healthy subjects was significantly stronger than that of the radiculopathy patients (P<0.05). The decrease rate of grip strength in non-dominant side, if affected, in the cervical radiculopathy patients was significantly slower than that of the healthy subject's non-dominant side (P<0.05). Conclusion The computerized dynamometer is a reliable tool to evaluate the grip strength in both healthy subjects and cervical radiculopathy patients. The grip strength of healthy subject's is stronger than of the radiculopathy patients. The endurance of grip is better in the radiculopathy patient's non-dominant side if affected.

[摘 要] 目的：探究三结构域蛋白59（TRIM59）调控人皮肤黑色素瘤细胞SK-MEL-2增殖、细胞周期、凋亡及迁移侵袭的作用机制，及其与Bcl2相关转录因子1（BCLAF1)之间的关系。方法：qPCR和WB法检测人表皮黑色素细胞HEMn-LP、人皮肤黑色素瘤细胞SK-MEL-2、UACC903、A375及36例邢台市人民医院2019年2月至2021年7月收集的皮肤黑色素瘤组织中TRIM59的mRNA和蛋白表达，使用脂质体将si-con、si-TRIM59转染至SK-MEL-2细胞中，WB法检测干扰TRIM59表达对细胞中周期蛋白D1（CCND1）、细胞周期素依赖性激酶2（CDK2）、肿瘤抑制蛋白基因（TP53）和BCLAF1蛋白表达的影响，CCK-8法、流式细胞术、划痕愈合实验、Transwell实验检测对细胞的活性、凋亡、迁移和侵袭的影响，免疫共沉淀（Co-IP）实验检测对细胞中TRIM59蛋白与BCLAF1结合能力的影响。结果：与HEMn-LP细胞相比，SK-MEL-2、UACC903、A375细胞中TRIM59 mRNA和TRIM59、BCLAF1蛋白均呈高表达（均P<0.05），SK-MEL-2细胞中TRIM59表达水平最高。相较于si-con组和Normal组，沉默TRIM59后，SK-MEL-2细胞的活性显著降低，细胞周期阻滞于G2期，CCND1、CDK2的蛋白表达显著降低，TP53蛋白和细胞凋亡率均显著升高，划痕抑制率明显升高，迁移侵袭细胞数明显降低（均P<0.05）。免疫共沉淀实验结果显示，TRIM59与BCLAF1之间存在蛋白结合关系。TRIM59与BCLAF1在肿瘤组织中的表达呈显著的正相关（r=0.878，P<0.001）。结论：干扰TRIM59表达能够抑制人皮肤黑色素瘤SK-MEL-2细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭而促进凋亡，抑制SK-MEL-2细胞的恶性生物学行为，其机制可能与TRIM59结合BCLAF1有关。

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of daratumumab in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).Methods:The efficacy and adverse events (AEs) of daratumumab based regimens were retrospectively analyzed in 37 patients with RRMM from Peking University People′s Hospital, Beijing Hospital and Fu Xing Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University in China. The deadline for inclusion was December, 2019.Results:Among the 37 patients, 35 patients were available for response evaluation. The overall response rate (ORR) was 68.6%, which was better in patients receiving 16 mg/kg daratumumab than in those with fixed doses of 800 mg daratumumab [ORR: 78.3%(18/23) vs. 40.0%(4/10)]. The percentage of infusion related reactions of daratumumab was 27.0%(10/37). The most common hematological AEs were lymphocytopenia and thrombocytopenia, with the incidences of grade 3 or more severe 59.5%(22/37) and 43.2%(16/37) respectively. Pulmonary infections(37.8%, 14/37) were the most common non-hematological AEs. One patient with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and two patients dependent on dialysis were safely treated with daratumumab.Conclusion:Daratumumab is highly effective in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Adverse reactions are mild and well tolerable.