The ethical review of new drugs has already been developed in China,and played an important role in the right protection of the subject.To ensure the right of the subject is fully protected,it should be improved in the aspects of constructing a certification system of the ethics committee,maintaining independence and performing informed consent completely.

Objective:To investigate the effect of co-exposure to LPS and heat on plasma malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in rats.Methods: Male specific pathogen-free Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: saline injection+normothermic control(C-Group),saline injection+heat exposure(H-Group),LPS injection+normothermic control(L-Group),and LPS injection+heat exposure(HL-Group).Rats in H-/HL-Group were exposed in a chamber at an ambient dry bulb temperature(Tdb) of(35.0?0.5)℃ and in C-/L-Group at an ambient Tdb of((26.0?)(0.5)℃.)Rats in L-/HL-Group were given an intravenous injection of LPS 10 mg/kg via tail veins to induce endotoxemia and in C-/H-Group were given an intravenous injection of 0.9%NaCl(10 ml/kg) via the tail vein.Mean arterial pressure(MAP) was continually monitored in all rats.Plasma levels of MDA and SOD activity were determined at 0,40,80,120 min after exposure.Results: There was significant difference in plasma MDA levels and activities of SOD between L-/H-/HL-Group and C-Group(P

Objective:To discuss the relevant factors between occurrence rate of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and sedative therapy of patients adopted mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU) so as to improve strategy of sedation and reduce occurrence rate of VAP.Methods: The clinical data of 218 patients of ICU who were implemented mechanical ventilation combined with sedative were retrospectively analyzed. All of patients were divided into observation group (61cases) and control group(157cases) according to whether happened VAP. And the differences of sedative time, score of sedation, time of mechanical ventilation and stayed time in ICU between the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results: In observation group, the total sedative time was (7.51±7.86)d, score of sedation was (-2.69±1.09), time of mechanical ventilation was (8.52±17.11)d and stayed time in ICU was (24.44±21.93)d. In control group, all of these indicators were (3.83±2.91)d, (-1.22±1.52), (6.47±5.70)d, and (11.63±7.49)d, respectively. And the differences of them between the two groups were statistically significant (t=6.8850,t=5.0334,t=7.8012,t=6.4368,P<0.05).Conclusion: The sedative time, sedative depth of patient adopted mechanical ventilation are positively relevant with the occurrence rate of VAP, and the occurrence rate can be reduced through improving the strategy of sedation.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference among the combined method of oral administration of forlaxand acupoint embedding therapy, the simple acupoint embedding therapy and the simple oral administration of for-lax in the clinical efficacy on diabetic constipation.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty patients were randomized intoa comprehensive group, an acupoint embedding group and a forlax group, 50 cases in each one. In the acupointembedding group, the embedding therapy was applied to bilateral Tianshu (ST 25), Daheng (SP 15), Shangjuxu(ST 37) and Dachangshu (BL 25), once a week. In the forlax group, forlax (polyethylene glycol) was prescribedfor oral administration, once a day, 10 g each time. In the comprehensive group, the acupoint embedding therapyand forlax were combined and the methods were the same as the first two groups. The treatment for 4 weeks wasas one session, and 2 sessions were required in the three groups. Separately, in 4 weeks, 8 weeks of treatment and2 months after treatment, the constipation symptom scores were compared among the three groups. At the end of2 sessions of treatment, the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared among the three groups. In2 months after treatment, the recurrence rate was compared among the three groups.

RESULTSThe total effectiverate was 98. 0% (49/50) in the comprehensive group, better than 86. 0% (43/50) in the acupoint embeddinggroup and 78. 0% (11/50) in the forlax group (both P<0. 01). In the 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment, the con-stipation symptom scores were reduced significantly as compared with those before treatment in the three groups(all P<0. 05). The results in the comprehensive group were lower than those in the other two groups (all P<0. 05). In the 4 weeks of treatment, the scores were not different significantly between the acupoint embedding group and the forlax group (P>0.05). In 8 weeks of treatment and 2 months after treatment, the scores in the acupoint embedding group were better tan those in the forlax group (all p<0.05). There were 2 cases of drug adverse reaction in the comprehensive group, 6 cases in the forlax group and 0 case in the acupoint embedding group. The recurrence rate was 8.1% (4/49) in the comprehensive group, lower than 32.6% (14/43) in the acupoint embedding group and 59.0% (23/39) in the forlax group (both P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONthe combined therapy of acupoint embedding and forlax achieves the better clinical efficacy on diabetic constipation and constipation symptom scores as compared with the simple acupoint embedding therapy and the oral administration of forlax the short-term efficacy of the simple acupoint embedding therapy is not different significantly from the simple forlax medication, but the long-term efficacy and safety are better than those of simple forlax medicaiton.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Constipation ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Defecation ; Diabetes Complications ; complications ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laxatives ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling on balance and walking function in patients after stroke and its mechanism. Methods:A total of 79 patients with post-stroke balance and walking dysfunction were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group.Both groups received conventional treatments such as dietary guidance and oral medications as well as rehabilitation training.On this basis,the control group was treated with additional conventional acupuncture,and the observation group was treated with additional back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling.Both groups were treated for 4 consecutive weeks.The thickness of abdominal muscle group(transverse abdominal muscle,rectus abdominis,obliquus internus abdominis,and obliquus externus abdominis),the scores of Berg balance scale(BBS),Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA),and functional ambulation categories(FAC),and walking velocity and stride were compared between the two groups. Results:During the trial,there was 1 dropout case in the control group and 4 dropout cases in the observation group.Before treatment,there were no statistical differences in the abdominal muscle group thickness,scores of BBS,FMA,and FAC,and walking velocity and stride between the two groups(P>0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the thickness of abdominal muscle groups,scores of BBS,FMA,and FAC,and walking velocity and stride in both groups were improved(P<0.01),and the observation group was superior to the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Both conventional acupuncture and back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling are conducive to the improvement of balance and walking function in patients after stroke.The back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling method has better curative efficacy.Strengthening the core muscle group strength may be one of the mechanisms of back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling treatment.

0.05) . Conclusion Survivin is significantly increased in gastric cance but undetected in benign gastric ulcers. The expression rate of survivin is higher in advanced stages of gastric cancer and may indicate metastasis. Survivin may play an essential role in gastric carcinogenesis and serve as a marker for prognosis and therapy.

Objective To observe the distribution of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc and to establish standard curve in normal mice so as to measure the changes of dopaminergic neurons in number in SNpc of the mice toxicated with MPTP. Methods Ten male C57BL6 mice aged 8-12 weeks, weight 20-22 g, were randomized to receive 20 mg/kg MPTP or physical saline every 3 h for 4 times, then killed 7 d later. The mouse mesocerebrum was taken out and fixed, frozen, sectioned. All sections containing SNpc were observed under the guide of mouse brain atlas. Every other sections were chosen to stain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) to show dopaminergic neurons immunohistochemically. The TH positive cells in SNpc were counted in each section and the standard curve was established. Results The standard curve of SNpc compact part position and TH positive cells was established. By comparing the standard curves for the MPTP intoxicated mice and the saline mice, TH positive cells in SNpc from MPTP toxicated mice decreased significantly, which confirmed the validity and feasibility of the standard curve. Conclusion The establishment of standard curve greatly facilitates the comparison of specimen from different groups and makes the assessment of dopaminergic neuron loss more accurate and efficient. The standard curve can serve as an excellent reference curve for the assessment of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc in normal C57BL6 mice.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that astrocytes participate not only in the passive metabolic and structural support, but also actively in the central nervous system information processing. OBJECTIVE:By observing the directionality and specificity of astrocyte fiber growth and synapse formation, to explore the possible mechanisms of astrocytes and neurons in the interaction. METHODS: Primary cels from the hippocampi of green fluorescent protein transgenic newborn mice were isolated and cultured, glial fibrilary acidic protein was used as specific marker for astrocytes in immunofluorescence staining, and then the results were observed and scanned by confocal microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The elongation of astrocyte fibers was directional and specific, and terminated to the pyramidal cels nearby. The end of astrocyte fibers and pyramidal cels contributed to the synapse formation. However, not al the projections were toward the adjacent cels, and synapse-like structure was not only formed nearby. The results implicated that both astrocytes fiber elongation and synapse formation have the directionality and specificity, providing evidence for further studies on signal transduction between astrocytes and pyramidal cels.

After the culture in college and university medical library was described, the necessity of its construc-tion was elaborated, and its implementation measures were stressed, such as setting up experience area, bringing into play of Primal interactive 3D anatomical database, planning subject activities according to the health holidays, providing personal space for users based on library websites, effectively popularizing reading, consecutively expan-ding service space, and carrying out personal service.

Objective To explore the current status of physical exercises of patients with primary hypertension and provide basis for selective nursing intervention. Methods Investigation was carried out in 238 patients patients with primary hypertension in a third-grade and first-class hospital in Guangzhou on their physical exercises using the theory of "periodic behavior changing model". The results were ana|yzed. Results Patients who didn't plan to take physical exercises account for 19.3%,who planned to take it was 15.1%,who prepared to take it was 20.2%,who were taking it was 8.8% and who were maintaining it was 36.6%.The age and duration of illness course significantly influence the distribution of taking exercises in different stages, P<0.05.While gender and education background were not important influencing factors. Conclusion We should pay attention to increase the recognition of patients with primary hypertension to take physical exercises autonomously,especially the young and middle-aged patients.