The ethical review of new drugs has already been developed in China,and played an important role in the right protection of the subject.To ensure the right of the subject is fully protected,it should be improved in the aspects of constructing a certification system of the ethics committee,maintaining independence and performing informed consent completely.

Objective:To investigate the effect of co-exposure to LPS and heat on plasma malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in rats.Methods: Male specific pathogen-free Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: saline injection+normothermic control(C-Group),saline injection+heat exposure(H-Group),LPS injection+normothermic control(L-Group),and LPS injection+heat exposure(HL-Group).Rats in H-/HL-Group were exposed in a chamber at an ambient dry bulb temperature(Tdb) of(35.0?0.5)℃ and in C-/L-Group at an ambient Tdb of((26.0?)(0.5)℃.)Rats in L-/HL-Group were given an intravenous injection of LPS 10 mg/kg via tail veins to induce endotoxemia and in C-/H-Group were given an intravenous injection of 0.9%NaCl(10 ml/kg) via the tail vein.Mean arterial pressure(MAP) was continually monitored in all rats.Plasma levels of MDA and SOD activity were determined at 0,40,80,120 min after exposure.Results: There was significant difference in plasma MDA levels and activities of SOD between L-/H-/HL-Group and C-Group(P

Objective:To discuss the relevant factors between occurrence rate of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and sedative therapy of patients adopted mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU) so as to improve strategy of sedation and reduce occurrence rate of VAP.Methods: The clinical data of 218 patients of ICU who were implemented mechanical ventilation combined with sedative were retrospectively analyzed. All of patients were divided into observation group (61cases) and control group(157cases) according to whether happened VAP. And the differences of sedative time, score of sedation, time of mechanical ventilation and stayed time in ICU between the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results: In observation group, the total sedative time was (7.51±7.86)d, score of sedation was (-2.69±1.09), time of mechanical ventilation was (8.52±17.11)d and stayed time in ICU was (24.44±21.93)d. In control group, all of these indicators were (3.83±2.91)d, (-1.22±1.52), (6.47±5.70)d, and (11.63±7.49)d, respectively. And the differences of them between the two groups were statistically significant (t=6.8850,t=5.0334,t=7.8012,t=6.4368,P<0.05).Conclusion: The sedative time, sedative depth of patient adopted mechanical ventilation are positively relevant with the occurrence rate of VAP, and the occurrence rate can be reduced through improving the strategy of sedation.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference among the combined method of oral administration of forlaxand acupoint embedding therapy, the simple acupoint embedding therapy and the simple oral administration of for-lax in the clinical efficacy on diabetic constipation.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty patients were randomized intoa comprehensive group, an acupoint embedding group and a forlax group, 50 cases in each one. In the acupointembedding group, the embedding therapy was applied to bilateral Tianshu (ST 25), Daheng (SP 15), Shangjuxu(ST 37) and Dachangshu (BL 25), once a week. In the forlax group, forlax (polyethylene glycol) was prescribedfor oral administration, once a day, 10 g each time. In the comprehensive group, the acupoint embedding therapyand forlax were combined and the methods were the same as the first two groups. The treatment for 4 weeks wasas one session, and 2 sessions were required in the three groups. Separately, in 4 weeks, 8 weeks of treatment and2 months after treatment, the constipation symptom scores were compared among the three groups. At the end of2 sessions of treatment, the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared among the three groups. In2 months after treatment, the recurrence rate was compared among the three groups.

RESULTSThe total effectiverate was 98. 0% (49/50) in the comprehensive group, better than 86. 0% (43/50) in the acupoint embeddinggroup and 78. 0% (11/50) in the forlax group (both P<0. 01). In the 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment, the con-stipation symptom scores were reduced significantly as compared with those before treatment in the three groups(all P<0. 05). The results in the comprehensive group were lower than those in the other two groups (all P<0. 05). In the 4 weeks of treatment, the scores were not different significantly between the acupoint embedding group and the forlax group (P>0.05). In 8 weeks of treatment and 2 months after treatment, the scores in the acupoint embedding group were better tan those in the forlax group (all p<0.05). There were 2 cases of drug adverse reaction in the comprehensive group, 6 cases in the forlax group and 0 case in the acupoint embedding group. The recurrence rate was 8.1% (4/49) in the comprehensive group, lower than 32.6% (14/43) in the acupoint embedding group and 59.0% (23/39) in the forlax group (both P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONthe combined therapy of acupoint embedding and forlax achieves the better clinical efficacy on diabetic constipation and constipation symptom scores as compared with the simple acupoint embedding therapy and the oral administration of forlax the short-term efficacy of the simple acupoint embedding therapy is not different significantly from the simple forlax medication, but the long-term efficacy and safety are better than those of simple forlax medicaiton.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Constipation ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Defecation ; Diabetes Complications ; complications ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laxatives ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling on balance and walking function in patients after stroke and its mechanism. Methods:A total of 79 patients with post-stroke balance and walking dysfunction were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group.Both groups received conventional treatments such as dietary guidance and oral medications as well as rehabilitation training.On this basis,the control group was treated with additional conventional acupuncture,and the observation group was treated with additional back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling.Both groups were treated for 4 consecutive weeks.The thickness of abdominal muscle group(transverse abdominal muscle,rectus abdominis,obliquus internus abdominis,and obliquus externus abdominis),the scores of Berg balance scale(BBS),Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA),and functional ambulation categories(FAC),and walking velocity and stride were compared between the two groups. Results:During the trial,there was 1 dropout case in the control group and 4 dropout cases in the observation group.Before treatment,there were no statistical differences in the abdominal muscle group thickness,scores of BBS,FMA,and FAC,and walking velocity and stride between the two groups(P>0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the thickness of abdominal muscle groups,scores of BBS,FMA,and FAC,and walking velocity and stride in both groups were improved(P<0.01),and the observation group was superior to the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Both conventional acupuncture and back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling are conducive to the improvement of balance and walking function in patients after stroke.The back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling method has better curative efficacy.Strengthening the core muscle group strength may be one of the mechanisms of back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling treatment.

0.05) . Conclusion Survivin is significantly increased in gastric cance but undetected in benign gastric ulcers. The expression rate of survivin is higher in advanced stages of gastric cancer and may indicate metastasis. Survivin may play an essential role in gastric carcinogenesis and serve as a marker for prognosis and therapy.

After the culture in college and university medical library was described, the necessity of its construc-tion was elaborated, and its implementation measures were stressed, such as setting up experience area, bringing into play of Primal interactive 3D anatomical database, planning subject activities according to the health holidays, providing personal space for users based on library websites, effectively popularizing reading, consecutively expan-ding service space, and carrying out personal service.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of hope in maintenance hemodialysis patients and analyze its influential factor,in order to provide reference for effective intervention.MethodsA total of 182 maintenance hemodialysis patients were recruited from 3 dialysis centers in Guangzhou and were investigated with the self-designed questionnaire,dialysis symptom Index,the Herth hope scale,simplified coping scale and social support scale.The data were analyzed by single-factor and multiple-factor analysis.ResultsThe average score of hope in maintenance hemodialysis patients was 31.83 ±3.69,and 87.91％ of patients got a moderate hope level.The average scores of present of symptom distress,degree of distress,active coping style,passive coping style and social support were 13.44 ± 5.63,35.27 ± 18.51,2.15 ± 0.28,1.56 ± 0.33 and 42.24 ± 4.09 respectively.Multiple linear regression indicated that symptoms presence,the symptoms distress degree,the passive coping style were the risk factors of hope level and the standard regression coefficient were - 0.098,- 0.424,- 0.104,P =0.047 ～ 0.000.The social support and the active coping style were the protective factors of hope level and the standard regression coefficient were 0.183,0.226,P=0.000.And they explained 96.2％ of the variance.ConclusionThe level of hope in maintenance hemodialysis patients is moderate.Symptom distress,the coping style and social support are factors influencing hope level of patients.

Objective To explore the effects of trans-theoretical model on the behaviors of foot serf-care in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from a community in Guangzhou.The patients were randomly divided into control group (routine diabetic foot education) and experimental group (intervention based on tram-theoretical model of behavior change).Result Repeated Measures ANOVA showed that the main effects of intervention and time,as well as the interaction effect between intervention and time were all significant (P<0.05).The incidence rates of the chap of foot skin,paronychia and destruction of foot skin were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05),while no significant difference on the incidence rate of foot ringworm was found (P>0.05).Conclusions The application of tram-theoretical model can promote the improvement of foot self-care behaviors and thereby to improve the condition of foot skin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of pulse pressure index(PPI) and its value in predicting the risk for cerebral and cardiac vascular events in old males with hypertension. Meth-ods The 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed in a total of 265 elderly men with essential hypertension(EH). The patients were classified into 3 groups based on the lev-el of PPI.PPI≤0.400(103) ,0. 401-0. 500(124) ,and≥0.501(38). Results There was significant difference in PP between day-time and night-time in hypertensive patients. The change of PPI was less than that of PP. With the increase in PPI, SBP(24 h, day-time, night-time), PP(24 h, day-time, night-time), the load of SBP(night-time), systolic blood pressure variation(BPV, 24 h, day-time) were raised significantly (P<0.01); while DBP(24 h, day-time, night-time), nocturnal de-cline in BP and the load of DBP(day-time) declined with the decrease in PPI (P<0.01). High PPI would increase the incidence of cardiac-cerebral vascular events (P < 0.01). Conclusion PPI is a useful parameter in clinical evaluation of arteriosclerosis. It may also have prognostic value for cardiac-cerebral vascular events in elderly men with EH.