Objectives To study the effect and the mechanism of peripheral blood nuclear cells (PBMC) invaded by hepatitis B virus (HBV) on the artificial immunization in newborns Methods Fifty two newborns, whose mothers were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive, were immunized with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine (HBVac), and then followed for 7 months The newborns′ serum and PBMC HBV DNA was detected by nested PCR, hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) was tested with solid phase radioimmunoassay PBMC from newborn were incubated with PHA and HBsAg The supernatant interleukin 2 (IL 2) level was mesured by enzyme linked immununosorbent assay (ELISA) Results The rate of vaccination failure was higher in the infants with PBMC HBV DNA positive than those with negative ( P

The morbidity of pregnant related diseases and pregnant complications become higher and higher in China, such as pregnant obesity, pregnant hypertension, pregnant psychological disorder etc. which were common in western countries in the past. Dystocia and abnormal birth are increasing. The ration of operation in obstetrics to vaginal delivery is growing. These are partially due to the less exercise of mothers in pregnancy. Exercise during pregnancy is significant to the mothers as well as their children, which is an effective method to prevent or treat the diseases mentioned.

we examined the serum copper level in 125 pregnant women (83) normal pregnant women of 28～40 weeks of pregnancy; 12 patients with se-vere edema-proteinurine-hyperterision syndromeduring 37～40 weeks of pregnancy; 30 patientswith prolonged pregnancy) and compared it withurine E/C value and Apgar score in order to deter-mine the reliability of serum copper value in diag-nosing placental insufficiency. The results con-firmed that the serum copper value was increasingwith the growth of weeks of pregnancy, but it wasdecreasing after the fortieth week of pregnancy.Comparison of the serum copper value with theurine E/C value showed that when the E/C or = 10. And when the Apgar score7. These results indicatethat the serum copper value can serve as an indexof placental function in the third trimester of preg-nancy.

ObjectiveTo explore the significance of intrauterine infection of hepatitis B virus in pregnant women with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MethodsTwenty-four pregnant women with HBsAg and HBeAg negative but other HBV markers positive together with their infants were included as study group. Sixteen pregnant women with HBV marker negative and their infants were in the control group. HBV DNA in sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of two groups was detected by nested PCR respectively. Results(1)In the study group, the positive rates of HBV DNA of pregnant women were 33% (8/24) in the sera and 42% (10/24) in PBMCs. Three women were detected HBV DNA in both serum and PBMCs. The rate of HBV infection was 63% (15/24); (2)also in the study group, the positive rates of HBV DNA of the infants were 13% (3/24) in the sera and 25% (6/24) in PBMCs. One newborn was detected HBV DNA in both serum and PBMCs, the rate of intrauterine infection of HBV was 33% (8/24); (3) HBV DNA was detected in sera and/or in PBMCs from four newborns of pregnant women with HBV DNA positive only in PBMCs, the positive ratio was 4/7. ConclusionsHBV intrauterine infection is possible in pregnant women with HBsAg and HBeAg negative. Detecting HBV-DNA in sera and PBMCs of pregnant women and their newborns by PCR is important clinical significance.

OBJECTIVEThis study measures the glutaredoxin (Grx) gene and protein expression in umbilical vein endothelial cells upon exposure to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The involvement of the Akt-signaling pathway is also determined.

METHODSEA-hy926 cells were pretreated with 1,000 ng · mL⁻¹ P. gingivalis LPS for 4, 12, 18, and 24 h, and then real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect Grx1 expression. The effect of Grx on Akt activity was investigated using Western blot for the control, LPS (1,000 ng · mL⁻¹ LPS), and carmus- tine (BCNU) groups (1,000 ng · mL⁻¹ LPS, and the EA-hy926 cells were pretreated with 25 μmol · ml⁻¹ BCNU for 30 min).

RESULTSGene expression of Grx1 significantly increased in LPS group compared with that in the control group. The Grx1 expression reached the peak level in 12 h, and the variation between the expression in 4 and 12 h was significant (P < 0.05). After 12 h, the protein levels of Grx and phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt) significantly increased in the LPS group (P < 0.05), whereas the BCNU group showed a considerable decrease in both Grx and p-Akt expression levels (P < 0.05). Moreover, a slight difference was observed in the total Akt protein levels in the three groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGrx expression increased upon exposure of EA-hy926 cells to the LPS. Akt activity could be inhibited by BCNU (a Grx inhibitor), which indicated that Akt might act as a downstream regulator of Grx.

Endothelial Cells ; Glutaredoxins ; genetics ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Phosphorylation ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; pathogenicity ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; drug effects ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Umbilical Veins

Objective To evaluate the relative efficacy of different dosages of Calf Pulmonary Surfactant (Calsurf) administration in premature infants with established respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods Four neonatal intensive care units in Jiangsu province were enrolled.Premature infants,birth weight ＜ 2 500 g,with NRDS,received 70 mg/kg (61 cases)or 100 mg/kg (69 cases)Calsurf.Clinical and respiratory parameters were recorded.The primary outcome measures were blood gas analysis of 1 h,12 h and 36 h after administration,the need for oxygenation and ventilatory requirements and the adverse events of NRDS.Results Arterial oxygen tension[pa (O2)] results in a significant improvement(80.27-±36.81) mmHg,(73.03 ±24.94) mmHg and (72.35 ± 24.72) mmHg at 1 h,12 h and 24 h in higher dose group(P ＜ 0.05),(67.95 ± 23.79) mmHg,(72.35 ± 24.72) mmHg in 24 h,as compared with the lower dose group at the same time [(67.07 ± 19.94) mmHg,(62.93 ± 21.71) mmHg,(67.95 ±-23.79) mmHg] (P ＞ 0.05).Inspired oxygen (FiO2) and pa (O2) decreased after administration in two groups and the duration of FiO2 decline lasted to 48 h (all P ＜ 0.05).The oxygen index (OI) was improved after Calsurf administration,especially in the infants who received 100 mg/kg of Calsurf with 6.1 ± 2.8,5.6 ± 3.3,5.5 ± 3.5,5.8 ± 4.5,5.3 ± 3.1 in 1 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,respectively(P ＜ 0.01).The arterial-to-alveolar oxygen tension ratio (a/APO2) of 100 mg/kg group was reduced significantly in 1 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h with 0.39 ±0.22,0.42 ±0.20,0.45 ± 0.22,0.44 ± 0.22,0.46 ± 0.21 as compared with 0.27 ± 0.18 which was at the time point before administration (P ＜ 0.01).Although not statistically significant,the mean time of duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen inhalation of higher dose group were decreased as compared to the lower dose group [(94.54 ± 113.44) h vs (109.27 ± 124.87) h (P＞0.05) and (259.10 ±280.45) vs (372.31 ±398.08) h(P ＞0.05)].There were no significant differences in the rates of other adverse events such as pneumonia,pneumothorax,intracranial hemorrhage,patent ductus arteriosus (PDA),pneumorrhagia,necrotizing enterocolitis,septicemia between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Calsurf given to preterm infants with NRDS at a dose of 100 mg/kg resulted in a higher Pa (O2),a/APO2,better OI and lower FiO2 as compared with those receiving 70 mg/kg.The need for mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplement were reduced with higher-dose administration.Large dose of Calsurf did not increase the risk of complications as mentioned above.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and mechanism of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) invasion by HBV on artificial immunization in newborns.

METHODSFifty-two newborns of HBsAg positive mothers were immunized with HBIG (hepatitis B immunoglobulin) and HBVac (hepatitis B vaccine) and were followed up for 7 months. The newborns' HBV-DNA in serum and in the PBMCs was detected with nested-PCR; anti-HBs was tested with solid phase radioimmunoassay (SP-RIA). PBMCs isolated from newborn peripheral blood were incubated in the presence of PHA or purified HBsAg. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) level in culture supernatants of activated cells was detected by ELISA.

RESULTSThe failure rate of immunization was higher in infants with positive HBV-DNA in PBMCs than those with negative HBV-DNA (P < 0.05); IL-2 level in PBMC culture supernatants was lower in former than in the latter and in normal controls (P < 0.05). The level of IL-2 in the immunization failure newborns was lower than that in the successfully immunized newborns and in normal controls (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIntrauterine invasion of PBMCs by HBV is one of the important reasons for immunization failure in newborns. IL-2 production is closely related to the invasion of PBMCs by HBV, which may contribute to the failure of artificial immunization in newborns.

DNA, Viral ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; adverse effects ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Humans ; Immunization ; adverse effects ; Immunoglobulins ; immunology ; Infant, Newborn ; Interleukin-2 ; biosynthesis ; blood ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; virology

Objective To explore the optimized method of venous anastomosis for right donor kidney transplantation in rats.Methods Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used as donors and recipients for homologous rat kidney transplantation.Both bilateral kidneys were harvested from the donor rats (n =45).Ninety rats were used as recipients and divided into 4 groups according to randomly digital table:In groups AC (n =15 each),the right donor kidneys were transplanted into the left nephridial pit of recipients,and endto-side,venous bypass and modified end-toend (donor's proximal end of vena cava was anastomosed to recipients renal Vein followed by ligation of its distal end) venous anastomosis was done,respectively; In the control group (n =45),the left donor kidneys were transplanted into the same side of the recipients,and the conventional end-to-end venous anastomosis was used.Then the intra-operative findings,successful operation rate and postoperative complications were compared between two groups.Results The venous anastomosis time in group B was longer than in groups A,C and control group (P＜0.05),which significantly increased warm ischemia time of donor kidneys and operative time of recipients (P＜0.05).The venous anastomosis time,warm ischemia time of donor kidneys and operative time of recipients showed no significant difference between groups A or C and control group (P＞0.05).The successful operation rate in group C (93.3％)was similar to that in control group (86.7％) (P＞0.05),but higher than in group A (53.3％) and group B (53.3％) (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between group A and group C.Conclusion For right donor kidney transplantation,the method of harvesting the right donor kidney with a part of vena cava,and then anastomosing the proximal end to recipients renal vein and ligating the distal end,is highly feasible,efficient and economic.

Background and purpose: Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a scarce subtype of malignant lymphoma, and it has heterogeneous clinical manifestation and treatment effect. Currently, no precise risk stratification is used to guide prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of pre-treatment peripheral blood absolute monocyte count (AMC) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with primary nasal NKTCL, and provide more precise information for better risk stratification to select appropriate treatment and improve survival. Methods: Clinical data of 132 patients newly diagnosed with primary nasal NKTCL was collected in the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2013. The relationship between AMC and PLR in pre-treatment peripheral blood and 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients was analyzed retrospectively. Independent prognostic factors of patients were determined by univariate analysis and Cox regression analysis. Results: Pre-treatment peripheral blood AMC and PLR play important roles in the prognosis stratification of patients with primary nasal NKTCL. The prognosis in patients of AMC<0.5×109/L were higher than those of AMC≥0.5×109/L, The prognosis in patients of PLR<150 were higher than those of PLR≥150 (P<0.05). Based on the four independent risk factors of staging, ECOG scoring, AMC and PLR, we tried to establish a new prognostic model, dividing all patients into three different risk groups and found that the 5-year OS and PFS of three groups had significant statistical differences. Conclusion: Peripheral blood AMC and PLR were significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients with primary nasal NKTCL. The new prognostic patterns based on the four independent risk factors, such as staging, ECOG scoring, AMC and PLR may be more convenient and more economical than IPI (International Prognostic Index, IPI) and KPI (Korean Prognostic Index, KPI).

Objective:To improve the early graded rehabilitation nursing model suitable for postoperative children with congenital heart disease, providing reference for related research and clinical practice.Methods:Searched databases like JBI, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang Data and related websites for information on postoperative rehabilitation of children with congenital heart disease. We improved the first draft model with qualitative interview results and used Delphi method to conduct two rounds of consultation for 16 experts from 6 provinces and cities to further test the scientific and feasibility of the model.Results:The early graded rehabilitation nursing model for postoperative children with congenital heart disease includes 4 first-level items, 15 second-level items and 48 third-level items. The 4 first-level items are the evaluation of the early graded rehabilitation nursing model, the grading standard of the early graded rehabilitation nursing model, the implementation of the early graded rehabilitation nursing model, the effect evaluation and health education. Experts′ response rates were 100% in the 2 rounds, experts′ authority coefficient were 0.82 and 0.84 respectively, and the Kendall′ s W rank-order correlation coefficients of all levels of indicators were 0.188-0.246, 0.223-0.287 (all P<0.01). Conclusions:The improved early graded rehabilitation nursing model for postoperative children with congenital heart disease is scientific, pertinence and safe, which can provide guidance for clinical rehabilitation nursing practice.