Objective: To analyze adverse event following immunization(AEFI) with the domestic bivalent human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine among female students in primary, junior, and senior high schools in Hebei Province from 2022 to 2024, aiming to provide evidence for the vaccination program. Methods: On May 14, 2025, AEFI case data and vaccination data for the domestic bivalent HPV vaccine among female students in primary, junior, and senior high schools in Hebei Province from 2022 to 2024 were collected from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the Hebei Provincial Immunization Program Information Management System, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by using descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods, with intergroup comparisons conducted by using the Chi square test or Fisher s exact probability test. Results: From 2022 to 2024, a total of 817 900 doses of the domestic bivalent HPV vaccine were administered to female students in primary, junior, and senior high schools in Hebei Province. A total of 68 AEFI cases were reported, comprising 57 common vaccine reactions, 7 rare vaccine reactions, 3 coincidental events, and 1 psychogenic reaction. The overall AEFI reporting rate was 8.31 per 100 000 doses, 4 cases (2.30/100 000 doses), 31 cases (8.73/100 000 doses), and 33 cases (11.41/100 000 doses) were reported in 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively, with a statistically significant difference across years ( χ 2=10.97, P <0.01). The reporting rates for common and rare vaccine reactions were 6.97 per 100 000 doses and 0.86 per 100 000 doses, respectively. The AEFI reporting rates were 15.14 per 100 000 doses among primary school girls and 8.20 per 100 000 doses among secondary school girls, though the difference was not statistically significant (Fisher s exact test, P =0.30). The reporting rate was higher after the first dose (10.91/100 000 doses) than after the second dose (5.96/100 000 doses; χ 2=5.85, P =0.02).The second quarter recorded the highest AEFI reporting rate at 11.21 per 100 000 doses. The majority of AEFI cases (56 cases, 82.35%) occurred within 24 hours post vaccination. Conclusion The domestic bivalent HPV vaccine demonstrates a favorable safety profile among female students in Hebei Province, with a low overall AEFI reporting rate that consisted predominantly of general reactions and occasional cardiac related reactions.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of varicella in Lu'an City from 2005 to 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing varicella prevention and control strategies. Methods Data on varicella cases were collected through the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive epidemiology, temporal trend analysis, seasonal analysis, spatiotemporal clustering analysis, and spatial autocorrelation analysis were conducted using QGIS, JoinPoint, SaTScan and GeoDa software. Results The average annual reported incidence rate of varicella in Lu'an City from 2005 to 2023 was 34.55/100,000, showing a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease. The peak incidence occurred from October to January of the following year (RR=1.97, LLR=1743.95, P=0.001). Students aged 0 to 19 was the primary affected group. Spatiotemporal scan analysis revealed four types of spatiotemporal clusters, with the cluster in Jin'an District from October 2017 to December 2023 being particularly prominent (RR=2.87，LLR=1734.15，P<0.001). Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated significant clustering of varicella cases in the main urban area (Moran's I=0.216，Z=4.786，P=0.003). Conclusion The incidence of varicella in Lu'an City exhibits distinct seasonal and spatial clustering, and schools and kindergartens in the main urban area are the key to varicella prevention and control. It is necessary to enhance the monitoring of disease outbreaks during peak periods and in key areas, and to increase the two-dose vaccination rate for varicella in areas with case aggregation and among key populations.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of venetoclax (VEN) combined with hypomethylating agents (HMA) in the treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (HR-MDS) and analyze the factors influencing their therapeutic effect.Methods:The clinical data of 83 patients with HR-MDS who were diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between November 2019 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with VEN combined with HMA. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to depict the survival curves, and the log-rank test was used to compare survival between the groups.Results:The median age was 57 (15-82) years old, and 51 patients (61.4%) were male. Forty-five patients (54.2%) were initially treated with HMA, 23 (27.7%) received ≤4 cycles of HMA, and 15 (18.1%) demonstrated HMA failure. At the median follow-up of 10.3 (0.6-34.4) months, the overall response rate (ORR) was 62.7% (52/83), including 18 patients (21.7%) with a complete response (CR), 14 (16.9%) with a bone marrow CR (mCR) with hematological improvement, and 20 (24.1%) with a mCR. The ORR of patients with initial treatment, ≤4 HMA cycles, and HMA failure were 66.7%, 60.9%, and 53.3%, respectively ( P=0.641). The median overall survival time was 14.6 (95% CI 7.2-22.0) months, and the median progression-free survival time was 8.9 (95% CI 6.7-11.1) months. The multivariate analysis showed that serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≥90 U/L (OR=14.574, 95% CI 3.036-69.951, P=0.001), TP53 mutation ( OR=13.052, 95% CI 1.982-85.932, P=0.008), and U2AF1 mutation ( OR=7.720, 95% CI 1.540-38.698, P=0.013) were independent risk factors for poor efficacy of VEN combined with HMA. Hematological toxicity occurred in all patients, and the incidence of treatment-induced grade 3-4 leukopenia was 48.2% (40/83). Infection was the most common non-hematological adverse event, mainly pulmonary infection (31.3%) . Conclusion:VEN combined with HMA had a high response rate in patients with HR-MDS, both at initial treatment and with HMA failure. ALP ≥ 90 U/L, TP53 mutation, and U2AF1 mutation were independent risk factors for non-response to treatment.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and clinical characteristics of asphyxia-related acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of neonates with asphyxia-related AKI (AKI group, n=100) and asphyxia withont AKI neonates (control group, n=228) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to December 2023. Laboratory indicators and clinical data from both groups were collected to analyze the risk factors and clinical characteristics of asphyxia-related AKI in neonates. Results Statistically significant differences were observed in levels of lactate, base excess (BE), serum potassium, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen between the AKI and control groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that low 5-minute Apgar score, high lactate level, and hyperglycemia were independent risk factors for asphyxia-related AKI in neonates. The areas under the curve (AUCs) for the 5-minute Apgar score, lactate, and blood glucose in predicting AKI were 0.825(95%CI, 0.767 to 0.882), 0.968(95%CI, 0.942 to 0.993), and 0.845(95%CI, 0.795 to 0.894), respectively. The incidence of maternal hypertension during pregnancy also showed a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Significant differences were also noted in 1-minute and 5-minute Apgar scores, as well as the incidence of intrauterine distress between the AKI and control groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the AKI group exhibited statistically significant differences in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), respiratory failure, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), severe intracranial hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, use of diuretics, and blood purification etc. compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There were 24 deaths in the AKI group, with 16 cases in AKI stage 3 and 8 cases in AKI stage 2, while only 3 deaths occurred in the control group. The difference in mortality rate between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Low 5-minute Apgar score, high lactate levels, and hyperglycemia are independent risk factors for AKI in neonates. Neonates with AKI are prone to developing multi-organ dysfunction, and asphyxia-related AKI can increase mortality rates. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and treatment measures are crucial.

Rapid turnover of the intestinal epithelium is a critical strategy to balance the uptake of nutrients and defend against environmental insults, whereas inappropriate death promotes the spread of inflammation. PPARα is highly expressed in the small intestine and regulates the absorption of dietary lipids. However, as a key mediator of inflammation, the impact of intestinal PPARα signaling on cell death pathways is unknown. Here, we show that Pparα deficiency of intestinal epithelium up-regulates necroptosis signals, disrupts the gut vascular barrier, and promotes LPS translocation into the liver. Intestinal Pparα deficiency drives age-related hepatic steatosis and aggravates hepatic fibrosis induced by a high-fat plus high-sucrose diet (HFHS). PPARα levels correlate with TRIM38 and MLKL in the human ileum. Inhibition of PPARα up-regulates necroptosis signals in the intestinal organoids triggered by TNF-α and LPS stimuli via TRIM38/TRIF and CREB3L3/MLKL pathways. Butyric acid ameliorates hepatic steatosis induced by intestinal Pparα deficiency through the inhibition of necroptosis. Our data suggest that intestinal PPARα is essential for the maintenance of microenvironmental homeostasis and the spread of inflammation via the gut-liver axis.

Objective:To investigate the expressions and significance of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and their clinical significances.Methods:The tissues of 87 DLBCL patients undergoing resection and 23 patients with lymphoid tissue reactive hyperplasia (RLH) in the First Central Hospital of Baoding from January 2015 to March 2020 were collected. Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 in tissues of DLBCL and RLH, and the relationship between the expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 as well as the association with the clinicopathological features of DLBCL patients.Results:The positive rates of cyclin D2 protein in DLBCL and RLH were 33.3% (29/87) and 2.0% (1/23), the positive rates of bcl-2 protein in DLBCL and RLH were 60.9% (54/87) and 7.0% (3/23); the positive rates of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 in DLBCL were higher than those in RLH, and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=7.566, P=0.006; χ2=17.512, P < 0.01). The expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 proteins were related to the Ann Arbor staging and immunophenotype of DLBCL patients (all P < 0.05), while not related to age, gender, cancer location, tissue type (all P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 protein in DLBCL ( r=1.000, P < 0.01). Conclusions:cyclin D2 and bcl-2 may be related to the development and progression of DLBCL, and both may have some synergies.

C18 ceramide plays an important role in the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the function of ceramide synthase 1, a key enzyme in C18 ceramide synthesis, in oral squamous cell carcinoma is still unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between ceramide synthase 1 and oral cancer. In this study, we found that the expression of ceramide synthase 1 was downregulated in oral cancer tissues and cell lines. In a mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma model induced by 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide, ceramide synthase 1 knockout was associated with the severity of oral malignant transformation. Immunohistochemical studies showed significant upregulation of PCNA, MMP2, MMP9, and BCL2 expression and downregulation of BAX expression in the pathological hyperplastic area. In addition, ceramide synthase 1 knockdown promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Overexpression of CERS1 obtained the opposite effect. Ceramide synthase 1 knockdown caused endoplasmic reticulum stress and induced the VEGFA upregulation. Activating transcription factor 4 is responsible for ceramide synthase 1 knockdown caused VEGFA transcriptional upregulation. In addition, mild endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by ceramide synthase 1 knockdown could induce cisplatin resistance. Taken together, our study suggests that ceramide synthase 1 is downregulated in oral cancer and promotes the aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma and chemotherapeutic drug resistance.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Down-Regulation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Mice ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Oxidoreductases

Objective To explore the relevance between 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging features and laboratory parameters of multiple myeloma (MM) and its prognostic value. Methods The clinical data of 75 MM patients who received 18F-FDG PET-CT examination at the time of initial diagnosis in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital from September 2008 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, including their clinical features, survival time, PET-CT imaging and laboratory results. The correlation between imaging changes and laboratory results was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to make survival analysis. Results Of 75 patients, there were 48 patients (64.0%) who had lytic bone lesions everywhere of the bodies, especially in axial skeleton. Twenty-six patients (34.7%) had pathological fracture, which were either rib or spinal pathologic fracture. PET-CT at initial diagnosis showed that the osteolytic lesions were associated with anemia (χ2＝ 0.455, P ＝ 0.032), while pathological fractures were associated with C-reactive protein levels (χ 2 ＝ 0.976, P ＝ 0.007). The existence of pathologic fracture or lytic bone lesions showed no relevance to abnormal cytogenetics, extramedullary lesion, lactic dehydrogenase, albumin or β2-macroglobulin (β2-MG) levels as well as the survival time (all P＞0.05). Twenty-eight patients (37.3%) with

Objective To investigate the effect of neurotrophin-3(NT-3)on the proliferation and apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in rats and possible mechanisms. Methods The NT-3 overexpression and lentiviral transfection of BMSCs were co-cultured with neuronal cells respectively and then they were divided into overexpression control group,NT-3 transfection group and shRNA-NT-3 transfection group(NT-3 silencing group).MTT assay was used to detect the cell culture for 24 h,48 h and 72 h. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry for 48 h. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of C/EBPβmRNA.The expression of C/EBPβprotein was detected by Western blot. Results MTT results showed that the proliferation ability of BMSCs in the NT-3 overexpres-sion group was significantly higher than that in the control group(0.650±0.042,0.826±0.074)at 48 h and 72 h(P<0.05).Compared with the control group(P<0.05),the cell cycle and apoptosis of BMSCs in NT-3 silencing group were significantly decreased at 48 h and 72 h(P<0.05). The results of 48 h cell cycle and apoptosis showed that the percentage of G1 phase in BMSCs was decreased,G2 and S were increased and the apoptosis was decreased. The percentage of G1 phase in G2-S phase and the increase of apoptosis were in-creased in NT-3 silencing group. The results of Western Blot showed that C/EBPβ mRNA and protein levels were significantly up-regulated in BMSCs of NT-3 overexpression group and significantly decreased in NT-3 silencing group(P<0.05).Conclusion NT-3 may promote the expression of C/EBP beta and affect the ex-pression of its downstream target genes,which can inhibit the apoptosis of BMSCs cells.

Objective To understand the clinical distribution situation of streptococcus penumoniae (SP) and drug susceptibility test results to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis,treatment and prevention of SP infection.Methods Totally 416 nonrepeat strains of SP were isolated during 2010 to 2015.Their identification and drug susceptibility test were performed by using the ATB Express bacterial identification system.The results were interpreted according to the standard of CLSI 2014 edition.Results In these 6 years,SP showed the isolation peak in spring and winter;the detection rate of respiratory tract specimens reached more than 90 ％;the young children and elderly people were predominant;SP maintained high sensitivity to penicillin,amoxicillin,etc.,the difference in the sensitivity rate and non-sensitivity rate had statistical significance(P＜0.05);but SP showed high level non-sensitivity to clindamycin,erythromycin,etc.,the difference in the sensitivity rate and non-sensitivity rate had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).Conclusion Although β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin can still be used as the first choice of therapy,but PISP and PRSP show the increasing trend year by year;therefore the antibacterial drugs should be selected according to the drug susceptibility test results.