Objective To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor D(VEGF-D) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3(VEGFR-3) in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of colon carcinoma by observing the expression of VEGF-D and VEGFR-3,and calculated lymphatic vessel density(LMVD) in colon carcinoma. Methods The expressions of VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 were observed by SP immunohistochemistry in 55 colon carcinoma samples of different stages and differentiation degrees.LMVD in colon carcinoma was calculated by using Podoplanin as the specific marker of lymphatic endothelium. Results The positive expression of VEGF-D in colon carcinoma(54.5%) was higher than that in peritumoral tissues(P

Objective To observe the effect of vinpocetine on monoamine transmitters in cerebral of poststroke depression (PSD)rats and to investigate the mechanism of pharmacotherapeutics on PSD. Methods Rats were divided randomly into the sham-operated group,the normal saline group,the low dose of vinpocetine group and the high dose of vinpocetine group. Giving the left middle cerebral artery occlusion, the PSD rat model was established by unexpected chronic mild stress. When the PSD rat model was established, vinpocetine group was given vinpocetine(5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) and the normal saline group was given normal saline. Then the ethological score of depression was evaluated on 14 and 28 days. The monoamine transmitter in the frontal cortex and hippocampus and brainstem were detected by the fluorospectrophotometry. Results On the 28th day after the model establishment,compared with the normal saline group, the ethological score of depression level was decreased obviously. Compared with the normal saline group, vinpocetine could improve the ethological score of depression level of the PSD rat model, and these concentrations of 5-hydoxytrypatarmine ( 5-HT), noradrenalin ( NE ) and dopamine ( DA ) in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and brainstem. The level of NE ( ( 192.4 ± 34.8 ) ng/g, ( 206. 0 ± 41.7 ) ng/g,(91.1 ±23.0) ng/g] ,5-HT( (494. 1 ± 50.7) ng/g, (599.7 ± 39.2) ng/g, (541.7 ± 62.6) ng/g) and DA ( ( 298.6 ± 32.6) ng/g, ( 297.0 ± 38.1 ) ng/g, ( 85.9 ± 24.3 ) ng/g) in the high dose of vinpocetine group were significantly higher than that in the normal saline group ( NE (92.4 ± 17.5 ) ng/g, ( 131.4 ± 34.8 ) ng/g, (49.0 ±13.6)ng/g;5-HT(367.8 ±87.3) ng/g,(498.7 ± 79.6) ng/g, (320.4 ±59.4) ng/g; DA( 106.1 ±23.0)ng/g,(97.0 ±21.7)ng/g, (50.4 ± 13.8 )ng/g)(P ＜ 0.01 ). There were increased obviously by the high dose than the low dose of vinpocetine group. Conclusion Vinpocetine could treat PSD by increasing the level of monoamine transmitters in PSD rats' brain.

Objective To provide the morphology data for the study on the molecular mechanism of tumor metastasis,we observed the expression of podoplanin on the blood vessels and lymphatics in the human colonic carcinoma.Methods We observed the expression of podoplanin on the blood vessels and lymphatics in the colonic carcinoma from the patients of the operation in the defferent stages with the methods of HE staining and podoplanin immunohistochemistry staining. Results Podoplanin has not been stained,but podoplanin was positively expressed on the colonic carcinoma lymphatics.And, The podoplanin expression positive rate of the colonic carcinoma were increased along with the increase of tumor stages and occurence of lymph nodes metastasis. Conclusion Podoplanin choosed to express in lymphatics in the colonic carcinoma and could correctly distinguish the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels,could be regarded as the specific marker to mark lymphatic vessel. And, The podoplanin expression positive rate of the colonic carcinoma were increased along with the increase of tumor stages and occurence of lymph nodes metastasis.It indicates,It was correlated with colonic carcinoma lymphatical metastasis that the count of lymphatic vessels were increased in the colonic carcinoma along with the tumor advancing.

Objective This study was to investigate the diagnostic value of CT-guided percutaneous needle lung biopsy ( PN-LB) in different types of lung cancer and compare the pathological results of CT-guided PNLB and surgical specimens. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 324 cases of lung cancer, all confirmed by CT-guided PNLB after imaging manifestation of lung-occupying lesion and treated by surgical resection.We compared the pathological results of CT-guided PNLB and surgical speci-mens. Results The total coincidence rate of the pathological result from CT-guided PNLB with that from surgical specimens was 85.8% (278/324), with even a higher coincidence rate (96.4%) in adenocarcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (86.1%), and small cell lung cancer (45.5%).Large cell lung cancer and adenosquamous carcinoma were liable to be diagnosed as adenocarcinoma by CT-guided PNLB ( 7/10 and 6/10 ) .McNemar-Bowker test revealed no significant differences in the coincidence rate in adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell lung cancer (κ=0.837, P=0.215). Conclusion CT-guided PNLB has a high coincidence rate with surgical specimens in the pathological diagnosis of lung cancer, but the coincidence rate varies with different pathological types of the tumor.

Objective To find out the situation of laboratory testing capacity of fluoride in drinking water in Guizhou Province.Method Assessment of fluoride detection capabilities in nine cities (states) and 31 countylevel laboratories of the province in 2010 was carried out,the test results of individual indicators were evaluated using a single Z-score method,and the determination was based on the fluoride ion selective electrode method of Drinking Water Saritary Standard Test Method (GB/T 5750.5-2006) or fluorine reagent spectrophotometry.Results The feedback rate of fluoride measurement results was 100％,the satisfactory rate of laboratory results was 82.5％,the suspicious rate of results was 7.5％(33/40),and the unsatisfied rate was 10.0％(3/40).Conclusion The fluoride detection capability of most laboratories that participated in the proficiency test has met the requirements,and 10 percent of the laboratory's capacity needs to be improved.

【Objective】To investigate the clinical characteristics of acute pancreatitis(AP) in Guangzhou area.【Methods】A retrospective analysis was carried out in 273 AP inpatients hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM from 1996 to 2004.The onset time,seasonal distribution,syndrome patterns and prognosis of PA,and sex,age and disease course of the patients in Guangzhou area were carefully analyzed.【Results】The incidence rate of AP in Guangzhou was increased in recent years,lower in summer while higher in winter.The male and the female had the same incidence(the ratio approaching to 1∶1).In terms of age,there was a lower incidence in teenagers and the highest in the group aged 20 to 39.The incidence reached a plateau in the group aged 40 to 79 and sharply decreased in the group aged 80 and over.In terms of disease course,the majority of the AP patients were much improved and left hospital within 1～2 week(s) and the frequency valve arrived at the peak about one week later.In terms of the prognosis,72.9% of the patients were cured after timely traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment,the fatality rate being 2.9%.In terms of syndrome patterns of AP,damp-heat in the liver-gallbladder accounted for 69.9%,liver and Qi stagnation 11.7%,phlegm-stasis blocking collaterals 7.8%,deficiencycold in fu-organs 7.3% and excess in Yangming fu-organ 3.4%.【Conclusion】The incidence rate of AP in Guangzhou area tends to increase in recent years,the young and the middle aged have the highest incidences,most cases are manifested as damp-heat in the liver-gallbladder pattern,and AP attack usually occurs in winter and spring,and holidays,indicating that AP attack has a relation with unhealthy lifestyle,especially improper diet,in developed areas.This should be taken into consideration by the department concerned.

Objective:　To explore the therapeutic effect and safety of thrombolysis and pure anticoagulation therapy in patients with acute submassive pulmonary embolism. Methods: A total of 63 patients with acute submassive pulmonary embolism were randomly divided into thrombolysis group (n=32) and pure anticoagulation group (n=31). Arterial blood gas index and right heart functional index changes of two groups were observed before treatment and after two-week treatment, and their therapeutic effects were compared and analyzed. Incidence of bleeding and thrombocytopenia were counted in two groups. Results: Compared with before treatment, there were significant improvements in arterial blood gas and right heart functional indexes after treatment in two groups, P<0.05 or <0.01; compared with pure anticoagulation group, there were significant rise in partial pressure of oxygen in artery [PaO2,（77.8±7.3）mmHg vs. (83.4±8.7) mmHg], right ventricular anterior wall motion [RVAWM, (4.9±1.7) mm vs. (5.8±2.2) mm]; and significant descent in alveolar-arterial oxygen difference [P (A-a)O2, (23.1±2.8) mmHg vs. (16.5±2.4) mmHg mmHg], pulmonary artery systolic pressure [PASP, (54.6±7.9) mmHg vs. (34.2±7.5) mmHg] in thrombolysis group, P<0.05 or <0.01. Total effective rate of thrombolysis group (100%) was significantly higher than that of pure anticoagulation group (80.6%), P=0.002. There were no significant difference in incidence rates of bleeding and thrombocytopenia between two groups, P>0.05. Conclusion:　Thrombolysis therapy can significantly lower pulmonary artery pressure and improve oxygenation and right ventricular function indexes in patients with acute submassive pulmonary embolism. It may be a preferred recommendation for patients without contraindications.

Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane ( Sevo ) on dendritic development and the expression of collapsin response mediator proteins ( CRMP ) in the hippocampus of developing rats. Methods Twenty-four neonatal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats at postnatal day 7 (P7) were randomly divided into control group or sevoflurane group ( 12 rat pups for each group) .Rats in the control group were exposed to air for 4 h,whereas rats in the sevoflurane group were exposed to 2.8%sevoflurane for 4 h.The hippocam-pus of some rats were collected,and the expressions of CRMP1,CRMP2 and CRMP4 proteins and phospho-rylation of CRMP2 protein at Ser522,Thr514 and Thr555 were detected by Western blot 6h after exposure ( n=6) .The rest rats were housed till P30,the expression of CRMP1,CRMP2 and CRMP4 proteins in the hip-pocampus were detected by Western blot ( n=6) and the morphology changes of dendrites in the dentate gy-rus ( DG) of hippocampal neurons were detected by Golgi-Cox Staining ( n=6) .Results The expression of CRMP1,CRMP2 and CRMP4 proteins of rats at P7 in the sevoflurane group was decreased by 35.0%( P=0.004) ,27.5%( P=0.015) and 12.0%( P=0.003) ,respectively,and the phosphorylation of CRMP2 pro-tein at Ser522 and Thr514 in the sevoflurane group were increased by 68.3%( P<0.01) ,74.5%( P<0.01) , respectively,6 h after exposure compared with control rats.However,the phosphorylation of CRMP2 protein at Thr555 was not significantly changed after sevoflurane exposure.At P30,both total dendrite length ( P=0.001) and the dendrites length at level 2 and 3 ( P=0.033, P<0.01,respectively) were shorter and the dendritic branching at 120,140 and 160 μm rings in Sholl analysis were less ( P=0.009, P=0.028, P=0.048,respectively) for rats in the sevoflurane group,compared with control rats.There were no significant changes at the expressions of CRMP1,CRMP2 and CRMP4 proteins.Conclusion Sevoflurane inhibits the development of dendrites in the hippocampal DG area of developing rats,which may be related to inhibition of CRMP1,CRMP2 and CRMP4 proteins expression and hyperphosphorylation of CRMP2 Ser522 and Thr514.

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Toinvestigatetheeffectofsevoflurane(Sevo)onthedendriticdevelopmentinprefrontal cortex ( PFC) of neonatal rats and the role of cyclin dependent kinase 5 ( Cdk5 )-collapsin response mediator protein ( CRMP) pathway in it.METHODS:Eighty-eight postnatal day 7 Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=22):Air+NS group, Air+roscovitine (Ros) group, Sevo+NS group and Sevo+Ros group.The rats in Air+NS group and Air+Ros group were exposed to the air for 4 h, while the rats in the other 2 groups were exposed to 2.8%sevoflurane for 4 h.The rats received intraperitoneal injection of 150μL normal saline 15 min before exposure in the Air+NS group and Sevo+NS group, while the rats in the Air+Ros group and Sevo+Ros group received intraperitoneal injection of 150μL roscovitine ( in DMSO solution, 10 mg/kg) 15 min before exposure.At the end of exposure, the corti-ces of the rat brain were collected and the protein levels of P35, P25, Cdk5, CRMP1, CRMP2, CRMP4 and p-CRMP2 Ser522 in PFC were detected by Western blot.On the postnatal day 30, the rat brains were sectioned for Golgi-Cox staining and morphological analysis of dendrites in the PFC neurons.Open-field test and contextual fear conditioning test were per-formed on postnatal days 25~27 and 31~32, respectively.RESULTS:Compared with Air+NS group, the expression of P35 in the Sevo+NS group was significantly decreased, and the expression of P25 was dramatically increased (P<0.05), whereas roscovitine partly reversed the changes above induced by sevoflurane (P<0.05).The expression of Cdk5 was not significantly different among all groups.Compared with the Air+NS group, the expression of CRMP1, 2, and 4 in the Se-vo+NS group were decreased, and the protein level of p-CRMP2 Ser522/CRMP2 was increased ( P<0.05 ) , whereas roscovitine partly reversed the changes above induced by sevoflurane (P<0.05), except for the expression of CRMP2. Compared with Air+NS group, the total dendrite length, secondary dendritic length and interactions on 60 and 80 μm shells in the Sevo+NS group were decreased (P<0.01), whereas roscovitine partly reversed the changes above induced by sevoflurane (P<0.05).Compared with Air+NS group, the percentage of freezing time in the Sevo+NS group was de-creased (P<0.01), whereas roscovitine partly reversed the changes induced by sevoflurane (P<0.05).No significant difference among groups in the open-field test was observed.CONCLUSION:Sevoflurane exposure disturbed dendritic de-velopment of neurons in PFC, learning and memory ability of neonatal rats, which may be mediated by Cdk5-CRMP path-way.

An analysis of the development and present status of overseas hospital cost management pinpoints the setbacks found in China's hospital cost management, and brings forth the proposal to learn from advanced ideas and methods in overseas hospital industrial engineering and cost management. The goals are to build a nationwide total cost control system, explore new fields in cost management and introduce strategic cost management, in an effort to realize scientific cost management in China.