Objective To observe and explore the risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseas(NAFLD) complicated with hypertension in the enterprise retirees .Methods A total of 209 NAFLD patients diagnosed by ultrasound combined with questionnaire were collected in the enterprise retirees,and they were divided into the NAFLD with hypertension group(100 cases)and NAFLD without hypertension group (109 cases)after combined with physical examination results and past medical history.The relevant data of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed,and the risk factors of NAFLD complicated with hypertension disease were analyzed.Results The levels of age(t =1.69,P <0.05),body mass index(BMI)(t =0.36,P <0.05),waist circumference(t =0.64,P <0.05), total cholesterol(TC)(t =2.31,P <0.05),total bilirubin(TBS)(t =6.83,P <0.05),serum creatinine(Scr)(t =2. 20,P <0.05)in NAFLD complicated with hypertension group were higher than those in NAFLD group,and the differ-ences were statistically significant(P <0.01 or P <0.05).The logistic regression analysis showed that TC(OR =4.2)was the independent influencing factor of NAFLD with hypertension.Conclusion NAFLD is closely associated with hypertension,NAFLD can be incorporated into chronic disease management system with high blood pressure in order to improve the value of the disease in the elderly,and it is conducive to the further study of NAFLD and the management of other chronic disease.

Objective To observe the histopathologic injury of small intestine and intestinal permeability in chronic renal failure (CRF) rats. Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to CRF group (n=10) and control group (n=10). 5/6 nephrectomy was used to establish CRF rats, while sham operation for control. Blood biochemistry was regularly monitored until CRF model was successfully established. The model rats were fed with lactulose (L) and mannitol (M) through intragastric administration. Urine was collected after 6 hours, and the concentration of lactulose and mannitol in urine was measured using high pressure liquid chromatograph with refractive index detector (HPLC-RID), and the ratio of urinary excretion of L/M was calculated to evaluate intestinal permeability. Small intestinal mucosa were stained by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and observed with light microscope (villus height, thickness of muscle layer and villus count), histological damage score was used to evaluate intestinal injury. Results The L/M ratio of CRF group was higher than that of control group (1.75±0.11 vs 1.20±0.06, P<0.01). The small intestinal mucosal villus height and thickness of muscle layer in CRF group were higher (P<0.01), and the number of villi was lower compared to control group (P<0.01). The score of histopathologic intestine damage of CRF group was higher than that of control group (1.00±0.71 vs 0, P<0.01). Conclusion The intestinal permeability of CRF rats is increased with varying degrees of intestinal damage.

Objective To investigate the role of transoralsonography guiding fine?needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of retropharyngeal or parapharyngeal masses identified on the CT, MRI or PET?CT images of treated patients with malignant carcinoma. Methods From 2002 to 2013,this study recruited fifty?five patients with a history of cancer, of which 50 were treated with radiation treatment, including 46 nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 3 esophagus squamous cell carcinoma and1 lung apex carcinoma. There were 4 patients with a history of 1 thyroid papillary carcinoma, 1 buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma,1 glottis squamous cell carcinoma and 1 sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma treated with surgery. The rest one patient with nasal olfactory neuroblastoma was treated by postoperative radiation. The enlarged retropharyngeal lymph nodes in 44 cases and parapharyngeal masses in 10 cases were identified on CT or MRI imges. The enlarged retropharyngeal lymph node in the rest case was identified on PET?CT. With transoral ultrasound examination, all lesions were with hypo?intensity echo. Cystic areas were noted on occasion. Biopsy was performed in all cases. Results After cytology examination, carcinoma cells were detected in 37 retropharyngeal lymph nodes, with a detection rate of 82% (37/ 45). In the 10 parapharyngeal masses, carcinoma cells were detected in 3 lesions, with a detection rate of 30%. Conclusions Transor alsonography guiding fine?needle aspiration biopsy can be useful in the cytopathology diagnosis of retropharyngeal or parapharyngeal masses identified on the CT, MRI or PET?CT images of treated patients with malignant carcinoma,which facilitates, early diagnosis and treatment for patients.

Objective To study the neuroprotective role of TFP5 in a MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods C57BL/6 mice were used as experimental animals.Briefly, 5 consecutive days of intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/Kg 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was applied to induce mouse PD model.The mice were randomized into 5 groups including control group,model group, scrambled TFP5 peptide (Scb) group, TFP5 group and roscovitine group.On the 7th day after the first injection of MPTP,behavior tests were performed, and then western blot method was employed to detect the expression of p25 and phosphorylated MEF2D in substantia nigra.Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) 28 days after the first injection of MPTP.Results MPTP increased the expression of p25 (0.48±0.10 vs 0.26±0.02, P＜0.05) and phosphorylated MEF2D (0.81±0.10 vs 0.22±0.02, P＜0.05) in substantia nigra, but decreased the number of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc (348.67±24.40 vs 463.29± 19.61, P＜0.05),resulting in motor impairment in the model mice (P＜0.05).Intraperitoneal injection of 30mg/Kg of TFP5 for 3 days effectively reduced the excessive phosphorylation of MEF2D (0.25 ± 0.12 vs 0.81 ± 0.10, P＜ 0.05) in substantia nigra, rescued dopaminergic neuron reduction of SNpc (422.92±8.41 vs 348.67±24.40, P＜0.05), and improved the motor ability of the model mice (P ＜0.05).Roscovitine exerted almost same neuroprotective role as TFP5 ,while Scb had no protective effect.Conclusion TFP5 can rescue MPTP-induced damage of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra, and thus improve motor impairment of model mice,which may be mediated by the inhibition of Cdk5/p25 activity.

One hundred and seventy six consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator ( rt-PA ) in 4.5 hours from symptom onset during February 2009 to July 2013 were included in the study.Modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate the recovery of neurological functions.Patients were divided into good ( 0 -1 ) or poor ( 2 -6 ) outcome groups according modified Rankin Scale score.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the differences of clinical data between the two groups.The age of patients with good outcome was significantly lower than that of poor outcome group [ ( 61.4 ±11.5 ) vs.( 69.0 ± 13.2) years,P =0.000].Compared to patients with poor outcomes, patients with good outcome group showed lower rate of diabetes [ 13%( 12/93 ) vs.29%( 24/83 ) , P =0.009 ] , lower blood glucose level [(5.05 ±0.97) vs.(5.83 ±1.72) mmol/L,P=0.020], higher uric acid level[(404.4 ±151.7) vs.(345.6 ±107.5) μmol/L,P=0.028],shorter onset to treatment time [(1.92 ±0.94) vs.(2.30 ±1.01) h, P=0.019],lower baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score [(14.0 ±5.2) vs.(16.0 ± 6.2),P=0.025],lower systolic blood pressure level at 2 h[(140.8 ±18.3) vs.(149.0 ±18.9) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),P=0.005]and 24 h [(137.6 ±21.9) vs.(147.1 ±17.4) mmHg,P=0.009] after thrombolysis.Logistic regression analysis showed that uric acid levels were not related to hemorrhagic transformation independently (P =0.172,OR =0.965,95%CI:0.917 -1.016), but were related to outcome independently (P=0.047,OR=0.957,95%CI:0.916-0.999).

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) was first isolated in 1962, and then reported infrequently. As its genetic diversity increased rapidly, the detection rate of EV-D68 has been rising worldwide in recent decade. Since EV-D68 caused the most widespread outbreak in the United States, Canada and Europe in 2014, an increasing number of studies had reported that EV-D68 was associated with severe respiratory diseases and neurological complications, even death. However, the pathogenesis of EV-D68 remains unclear. Moreover, no vaccines or specific antiviral agents are available for prevention and treatment for EV-D68 infection at present. Therefore, continued surveillance and rapid diagnosis of EV-D68 infection will be beneficial to prevent and manage the potential outbreak. This article gives an overview of the biological characteristics, clinical features, and epidemiology of EV-D68.

Objective:To investigate the pathophysiology,clinical manifestation and neuroimaging characteristics and therapeutic experiences for hemichore associated with non-ketotic hyperglycemia (HC-NH).Methods:Clinical data of three patients with HC-NH from Xiangya Hospital,Central South University were analyzed retrospectively,and the related literature was reviewed.Results:The core clinical features of HC-NH were characterized by acute/subacute onset of hemichorea with non-ketotic hyperglycemia in the elderly females.Radiologic findings associated with HC-NH were characterized by hyperattenuation on computed tomographic (CT) scans and hyperintensity on Tl-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at unilateral basal ganglion region.Blood glucose control was the foundation of treatment.Dopamine receptor antagonists and benzodiazepine sedative were helpful in controlling hemichorea.Conclusion:Hemichorea-hemiballismus is a rare complication of nonketotic hyperglycaemia in elderly type 2 diabetes.It is associated with contralateral striatal radiological abnormality and typically T1 hyperintensity on MRI.The pathophysiology of HC-NH is not clear.The prognosis of HC-NH is favorable.Antidiabetic drugs combined with dopamine receptor antagonists can effectively relieve the hemichorea symptoms.

Objective:To investigate the miRNA-1246 expression in photoaged human fibroblasts (HSFs) induced by ultraviolet A (UVA) , and to evaluate the effect of upregulating miRNA-1246 expression on its target gene MAPK14 and cell aging.Methods:HSFs were isolated from foreskins of healthy children after circumcision in Children′s Hospital of Soochow University, and irradiated with 10 J/cm 2 UVA once a day for 14 consecutive days. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to determine the expression of miR-1246 immediately after the first irradiation and on days 3, 7 and 14 after the start of irradiation. Some HSFs were divided into 4 groups: blank control group receiving no treatment, UVA group irradiated with 10 J/cm 2 UVA for 14 days, miR-1246 group transfected with a lentiviral vector carrying miR-1246, and UVA + miR-1246 group transfected with a lentiviral vector carrying miR-1246 followed by irradiation with UVA. After treatment, the HSFs were collected, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to assess cellular proliferativy activity, β-galactosidase staining to detect senescent cells, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were conducted to measure the mRNA and protein expression of MAPK14 and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) . One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of means among multiple groups, and least significant difference (LSD) - t test was used for multiple comparisons. Results:On days 7 and 14, the relative expression of miR-1246 in HSFs was significantly lower in the UVA group (4.69 ± 0.85, 3.59 ± 0.45, respectively) than in the blank control group (8.42 ± 0.75, 7.61 ± 0.49, t = 29.84, 31.93, respectively, both P < 0.01) . After upregulation of miR-1246 and irradiation with UVA, MTT assay showed that the cellular proliferative activity significantly differed among the blank control group, UVA group, miR-1246 group, UVA + miR-1246 group (0.82 ± 0.03, 0.23 ± 0.02, 0.81 ± 0.02, 0.61 ± 0.02, respectively; F = 34.90, P < 0.05) , significantly lower in the UVA group than in the blank control group ( t = 28.14, P < 0.01) , lower in the UVA + miR-1246 group than in the miR-1246 group ( t = 10.61, P < 0.01) , but significantly higher in the UVA + miR-1246 group than in the UVA group ( t = 20.30, P < 0.01) . β-Galactosidase staining showed that the proportion of senescent cells significantly differed among the above 4 groups (3.93% ± 1.11%, 81.29% ± 2.53%, 5.50% ± 1.15%, 54.13% ± 2.09%, respectively; F = 16.14, P < 0.05) , significantly higher in the UVA group than in the blank control group ( t = 48.46, P < 0.01) , higher in the UVA + miR-1246 group than in the miR-1246 group ( t = 35.31, P < 0.01) , but significantly lower in the UVA + miR-1246 group than in the UVA group ( t = 14.32, P < 0.01) . Both RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that the mRNA and protein expression of MAPK14 and MMP-1 significantly differed among the above 4 groups (both P < 0.05) , significantly higher in the UVA group than in the blank control group ( P < 0.05) , higher in the UVA + miR-1246 group than in the miR-1246 group ( P < 0.05) , but significantly lower in the UVA + miR-1246 group than in the UVA group ( P < 0.05) . Conclusions:In the senescent HSFs induced by UVA, the expression of miR-1246 is suppressed. Upregulating the expression of miR-1246 can exert anti-photoaging effect by inhibiting the expression of its target gene MAPK14 and aging-related protein MMP-1.

Objective To determine whether the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by MPP+ can be protected when the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 5(CDK5)/p25 is inhibited specifically by TFP5.Methods The 100 μg/L of beta nerve growth factor (β-NGF) was used to induce PCI2 cells differentiating into dopaminergic neurons in vitro.Different concentrations of MPP+ (0,100,200,300,400,600,800 and 1000 μmol/L) were added to the cells;CCK8 assay was used to determine the cell activities and adequate concentration of MPP+.After induction,four groups were designed:PBS and PBS group,MPP+ and PBS group,MPP+ and TFP5 group,and MPP+ and Roscovitine group.Pretreatment of TFP5 and Roscovitne for 12 h was given to the MPP+ and TFP5 group and MPP+ and Roscovitine group,respectively.Hochest33258 staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the cell apoptosis.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions ofp35/25,caspase3,cleaved caspase3.Results CCK8 assay showed that the survival rate of PC12 cells was (64.84±1.58)％ when the MPP+ concentration was 300 μmol/L.Flow cytometry indicated significant differences in the apoptosis rate between different groups,which was the highest in MPP+ and PBS group ([25.61±2.74]％),following by MPP+ and TFP5 group ([13.33±1.24]％),MPP+ and Roscovitine group ([9.94±1.70]％),and PBS and PBS group ([8.68±0.21]％);significant difference was noted between MPP+ and TFP5 group and MPP+ and Roscovitine group (P＜0.05).Hochest33258 staining indicated the most obvious nucleus condensation and fragmentation and more apoptotic bodies in MPP+ and PBS group,While few apoptotic bodies were found in MPP+ and TFP5 group and MPP+ and Roscovitine group.Western blotting showed that as compared with that in the PBS and PBS group,the p25 protein level in the MPP+ and PBS group,MPP+ and TFP5 group,and MPP+ and Roscovitine group was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in the MPP+ and PBS group was significantly higher than that in the PBS and PBS group (P＜0.05);the cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in the MPP+ and PBS group was significantly higher than that in the MPP+ and TFP5 group (P＜0.05).Conclusion TFP5 has protective effect against the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by MPP+ through inhibiting the CDK5/p25 expression and reducing the cleaved caspase-3 protein production.