The bioactive principles contained in blueberries (Vaccinium) are various kind of anthocyanins (anthocyanidins, or phenolic aglycone, conjugated with sugar), chlorogenic acid, flavonids, alpha-linolenic acid, pterostilbene, resveratrol, and vitamins. After oral administration, anthocyanins can pass through blood-brain barrier and thus appear in various organs and brain. Improve visual function by increasing rhodopsin regeneration and ocular health is the earliest reported bioactivities of anthocyanin. Recent studies demonstrated the benefit of blueberries to prevent the age-related chronic diseases such as cancer, diabeties, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, neurodegeneration, obesity, and osteoporosis through its apoptosis, antioxidant, antiinflammation, and antiangiogenesis effects. Blueberries can eradicate microorganisms for the prevention of symptomatic urinary tract infections in women. Thus, blueberries are recognized as one of the most nutritious foods and cultivated worldwide. However, how to prolong the shelving time of fresh fruit, well utilize the leaf and stem to isolate the bioactive chemicals, improve quality consistency of juicy and dry products, all should be further concerned.

Objective To study the clinical features and diagnosis and therapy of the post-traumatic diabetes insipidus.Methods Forty patients with post-traumatic diabetes insipidus who admitted to our department from June 1990 to June 2000 were analyzed retrospectively.There were 26 cases of male and 14 cases of female.Average age was 21 years old.Results GCS score of twenty nine cases was 8;nine cases:9～12;two cases:13～15 at admission.37 cases survived in which 33 cases had a good recovery,and other 4 cases with persistent diabetes insipidus.The other 3 death after therapy.ConclusionMost post-traumatic diabetes insipidus are temporary,their prognosis are good through early diagonosis and effective treatment.

Sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM) is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD),especially the type Ⅰ SOD.The dysfunction of sphincter of Oddi can lead to other comorbidity.Therefore,SOM is of special importance for such patients.When performing SOM,we need to intubate into the papilla,so it requires high technique and is associated with a relatively higher risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis.Recently,the equipment of SOM is being updated constantly.The use of modified catheter and high resolution gastrointestinal dynamic system for recording and analyzing has made the technology more accurate and safe than ever before.Due to the widespread use of ERCP,SOM is expected to be one of the routine examinations in clinical practice and its application has a promising prospect.This article reviews the latest research progress on SOM in recent years.

All kinds of primary and secondary kidney disease finally result in renal fibrosis.This review summarized cytological mechanism and the advancement in TCM research on some essential cells(such as mesangial cells,glomerular capillary endothelial cells,podocyte,renal tubular epithelial cells and fibroblasts)in renal fibrosis from the perspective of cytology.

Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain(BET)Bromodomain has become a new target for the treatment of cancers and other human disorders. Nowadays,several classes of its potent and selective small-molecule inhibitors have been identified,many of which are in clinical trials. Preclinical and clinical data have shown that BET Bromodomain inhibitors have good prospects. Howev-er,there are potential therapeutic deficiencies,such as drug resistance. At present,attempts are being made to develop BET Bromodo-main inhibitors and degraders based on polypharmacology,combining BET Bromodomain with other targets of different mechanisms. In this paper,small-molecule kinase/BET inhibitors,small-molecule histone deacetylases(HDAC)/BET inhibitors and BET protein degraders are reviewed,which may provide guidance for further research on BET protein.

The aim of the eight year medical education program is to cultivate high-leveled and high qualified clinical and research personnel.Constructing forensic interest group for medical students of eight year program can not only cultivate the students' English learning,innovative thinking and practice ability,which is their Achilles heel but also combine eight year medical education with forensic science teaching reform.

Objective To learn the current culture of the hospital and identify its future development pathway. Methods The current culture types of the hospital are evenly distributed among the four quadrants. Results These types are found to be identically distributed among the tribe type, temporary system type, hierarchy type and market-oriented type of culture. Among these four type, the hierarchy type and market-oriented type score higher (27 scores both) and take the lead. Conclusions Hospitals are expected to enhance its exchange and communication with the employees, and head to its desired direction of a hospital culture type.

Objective To compare the effects between percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGD) plus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in comparison with emergency LC for elderly patients with acute cholecystitis.Methods From June 2011 to December 2014,the clinical data of elderly patients with acute cholecystitis receiving PTGD plus LC and emergency LC were retrospectively studied.Results In this study 38 patients received PTGD plus LC,59 patients received emergency LC.Patients in PTGD + LC group had longer operative time (67 ± 14) min and higher conversion rate (5 cases)than those in LC group (51 ± 13) min,1 case (t =5.741,x2 =5.057,P ＜ 0.05),but had quicker bowel function recovery time (24.5 ±6.4) h,shorter hospital stay (4.2 ± 1.8) d,less complications (3 cases)than those inLC group (27±5.2) h,(6.2±1.9) d,17 cases (t =2.11,t=5.165,x2 =6.18,P＜0.05).Conclusions Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage plus delayed cholecystectomy is safe for elderly patients with acute cholecystitis.

Objective To better understand the mechanisms of cone opsin transport , we set to generate a trans-genic zebrafish line with red fluorescence proteins expressing in the cone photoreceptors .Methods We used sws1 promot-er to drive the expression of a chimerical protein , in which the last 44 amino acids of rhodopsin of Xenopus laevis were fused to the C-terminus of tdTomato to restrict its localization to the outer segment of photoreceptors .Results We successfully i-solated such a transgenic zebrafish line and confirmed the localization of tdTomato by immunostaining analysis .Conclu-sions This transgenic zebrafish line will help us to better understand the transport mechanisms of cone opsins , especially the transport in live photoreceptors .

This study aimed to identify Belamcandae Rhizoma, Iridis tectori Rhizoma and their adulterants by ITS2 sequence. All the DNA samples of Belamcandae Rhizoma, Iridis tectori Rhizoma and their adulterants were extracted. The ITS2 sequence were succesfully amplified, and purified PCR products were sequenced. All the sequences were assembled using the CondonCode Aligner V3.7.1. The Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) genetic distances and the Neighbor-Joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree were calculated by using MEGA5.1. Results indicated that the maximum intraspecific genetic distances of Belamcandae Rhizoma was 0, and the average GC content was 52.22%;the maximum intraspecific genetic distances of Iridis tectori Rhizoma was 0.004, and the average GC content was 67.87%. The maximum K2P intraspecific genetic distance of Belamcanda chinensis, Iris tectorum were both lower than the minimum interspecific genetic distance of adulterants. Additionally, the ITS2 sequences in each of these polytypic species were separated into pairs of divergent clusters in the NJ tree. The NJ tree based on ITS2 sequence indicated that Belamcandae Rhizoma, Iridis tectori Rhizoma and their adulterants could be distinguished clearly. It could be concluded that ITS2 barcode can be used to correctly identify Belamcandae Rhizoma, Iridis tectori Rhizoma from their adulterants, and ensure their safety in use.