Objective To investigate mRNA expression levels of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) samples,and analyze the relationship between three genes and clinicopathological factors.Methods Real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR was used to quantify the relative expression levels of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA mRNA in 39 NHL patients without chemotherapy or radiotherapy and 15 patients with lymph node reactive hyperplasia.Relationship between their expression and clinico-pathological factors was analyzed.Results mRNA expression levels of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA in NHL group were significantly higher than those in the control group (0.403 vs 0.128,0.209 vs 0.057,0.459 vs 0.031,all P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA expression levels of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA were correlated with each other in NHL.The mRNA expression levels of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA in advanced staged NHL were markedly higher than those in early staged NHL (0.453 vs 0.341,0.204 vs 0.085,0.372 vs 0.196,all P ＜ 0.05).mRNA levels of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA were higher in NHL patients sensitive to chemotherapy than in those resistant to chemotherapy(0.401 vs 0.556,0.085 vs 0.205,0.316 vs 0.499,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The high expression of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA could be detected in NHL,and their expression has a close relationship with the biological behavior characters of NHL.The dynamic examination of cathepsin B,cathepsin L and uPA may be used as clinical auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of NHL.

Objective To determine the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values as an objective method of early detection of traumatic brain injury of the mice models in hippocampus injury.Methods A total of 18 healthy male adult C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into three groups according to the degree of injury:the mild group,severe group and control group.Conventional images,diffusion-weighted images,ADC were studied.The hippocampal were selected as the interesting area.ADC values were calculated and compared with those in control subjects after 6 h,12 h and 24 h.Student t test was performed for each region to compare the injury groups and the control.Results In control group both sides hippocampal ADC values had no differences(8.65±0.26 and 8.77±0.12) × 10-4 mm2/s,P＞0.05.Abnormalities were detected on ADC values,compared with conventional images in the injury groups.ADC values in mild group and severe group were significantly different from those of control group(6 h ADC values were (8.70±0.50) × 10-4 mm2/s,(6.13± 0.11) × 10-4 mm2/s,and (3.16±0.78) × 10-4 mm2/s in control,mild and severe group respectively),(12 h ADC values (8.23±0.61)× 10-4 mm2/s,(5.92 ± 0.27) × 10-4 mm2/s and (2.64±0.65) × 10-4 mm2/s) and (24 h ADC values (9.01±0.14) × 10-4 mm2/s,(5.99± 0.13)×10-4 mm2/s and (2.58±0.42)×10-4 mm2/s),P＜0.05.Conclusion There are differences among the ADC values on differcnt types of hippocampal brain injury mouse-model.ADC values can identify the degree of damage on brain injury and can detect early craniocerebral injury.

Objective To analysis the plague monitoring results on plague of rats in Lasiopodomys brandti plague natural foci of Xilin Gol Plateau in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2013,to master the dynamics of the plague epidemic,and to provide a basis for developing countermeasures.Methods Plague monitoring data from 2001 to 2013 in Lasiopodomys brandti plague natural foci were collected,main host density,rate of dye fleas,flea body index,bacteriology,serology and epidemic situation were studied.Results Within 13 years,10 153 Lasiopodomys brandti were captured overlapping a monitored area of 2 919.25 hm2,the average rat density was 3.48/hm2;other small rodents were captured 43 632 times,and 1 631 mice were captured,capture rate was 3.74％.Totally 22 752 host animals were checked by etiology,104 animals were infected with epidemic diseases,79 fleas of 31 groups positive fleas were checked from cultured 27 702 fleas of 6 437 groups.Totally 2 237 serum samples of Lasiopodomys brandti were checked using indirect hemagglutination (IHA),2 copies were found positive,the positive rate was 0.09％.Conclusion In Lasiopodomys brandti plague natural foci of Inner Mongolia,the plague bacteria infected host animals are still existed,future outbreak is possible;the monitoring and health education should be strengthened,in order to prevent the plague spreading to human being.

Objective To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of surfactant protein C(SP-C)gene and respiratory distress syndrome(RDS)in the Han nationality newborns in Inner Mongolia and whether there is a mutation occurs on SP-C gene exon 4 and 5.Methods One hundred newborns with RDS(case group)and 100 newborns without RDS(control group)were selected.PCR gene analysis was used to establish the genotype and allele frequencies of exon 4 (T138N)and 5 (S186N)on SP-C.Results In the Han nationality newborns of Inner Mongolia region,there was no mutation on SP-C gene exon 4 and 5.Exon 4(T138N)on SP-C could be checked out three genotypes:namely AA,AC and CC.The genetic polymorphisms of exon 4 on SP-C were not statistically different between the case group and the control group(χ2 ﹦0.744,P ﹦0.689).Besides,exon 5(S186N)on SP-C could also be checked out three genotypes:namely AA,AG and GG.The genetic polymorphisms of exon 5 on SP-C were also not statistically different between the case group and the control group(χ2 ﹦0.770,P ﹦0.681 ).Conclusion There is no mutation on SP-C gene exon 4 and 5.The genetic polymorphism of exon 4 and 5 on SP-C displays no signifi-cant correlation with RDS of the Han nationality newborns in Inner Mongolia.

Objectives This research explored the characteristics of changes in the serum metabolic profile of preeclampsia pregnancy(PE) to establish the disease distinguish model and screen characteristic metabolic markers with potential diagnostic value for preeclampsia.Methods From August 2014 to January 2016,samples in three groups were collected at Tianjin Third Central Hospital.Thirty-one clinically diagnosis patients with preeclampsia,25 normal pregnancy women and 29 healthy volunteers of childbearing age were enrolled.Ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to analyze serum metabolites of PE group (31 patients with preeclampsia),P group (25 normal pregnancy women) and Normal group (29 healthy volunteers of childbearing age).Nonparametric test analyzes were used to analyze the data and find the specific metabolites.Results This research established the principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) disease distinguish model for PE group,P group and Normal group.To distinguish PE group,P group and Normal group,15 characteristic metabolites were identified.Eight kinds of glycerol phospholipid (including 7 kinds of hemolysis phosphatidyl choline and 1 kind of lysophospholipids acid) and 1 kind of sphingomyelin in PE group were higher than that of normal pregnancy group.The difference had statistically significant(Z of the metabolites were 2.32,3.34,3.21,2.60,2.22,3.40,3.58,5.84,2.70 respectively,all P<0.05).1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone and 24-Oxo-1alpha,23,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 in PE group were higher than that of P group and Normal group,which had a statistics difference (Z of the metabolites were 2.01,3.89,3.26,2.34 respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusions Metabolomics distinguish model has a good ability to distinguish PE group,P group and Normal group.Serum characteristic metabolites can successfully reflect the status of fat,calcium and phosphorus metabolism of preeclampsia patients and provide high value for prediction,diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To establish and optimize the evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency in China.Methods Delphi method was used along with experts opinion to build the indexes system.Results The expert positive coefficient was over 80% in three rounds of consultation, and the coordination coefficients were 0.144, 0.302 and 0.533 respectively, proving the difference as statistically significant.In the end an evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency had taken shape, comprising three level-1 indexes, 13 level-2 indexes and 114 level-3 indexes.Conclusions The evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency established with Delphi method can contribute to optimizing resources allocation and promote efficiency of hospital service.

Objective To analyze the monitoring results on plague in Meriones unguiculatus plague natural foci in Inner Mongolia from 2010 to 2014,to master the epidemic dynamics of the plague and to provide a basis for developing countermeasures.Methods The plague monitoring data in Meriones unguiculatus plague natural foci from 2010 to 2014 were collected;main host density,rate of dye fleas,flea body index and bacteriology were counted;serology detection was done and the epidemic situation was analyzed.Isolation and identification of Yersinia pestis were carried out through a 4-step test (microscopic examination,isolation and culture,phage lysis test and animal experiment).Serum samples were tested by indirect hemagglutination test.Results Within 5 years,21689 Meriones unguiculatus were captured overlap monitored areas of 7116 hm2 totally,the average rat density was 3.05/hm2;other small rodents were clipped 144352 times,3947 mice were captured,capture rate was 2.73％.Totally 26500 Meriones unguiculatus were checked,91 Meriones unguiculatus were infected with epidemic diseases,227 of 59 groups positive fleas were checked from cultured 51262 fleas of 13268 groups.Totally 5426 serum samples of Meriones unguiculatus were checked,5 copies were found positive,the positive rate was 0.09％.Conclusions Inner Mongolia Meriones unguiculatus plague is still active and spreading.We must enhance propaganda of the plague.Surveillance and emergency management should be strengthened to prevent a outbreak of the plague in human being.

The evidence-based nursing increasingly becomes the hotspot of concern and research in the field of nursing. However, nursing staff in China generally lack the ability of evidence-based nursing practice. Because of this, the evidence-based nursing education has been paid more attention to. This paper summarized three main problems in evidence-based nursing education of our country by analyzing the search results related to the research of evidence-based nursing education from four domestic databases: the weak awareness of evidence-based nursing, lack of the condition for implementing evidence-based nursing education; too centralized and old model and method of evidence-based nursing teaching. Combined with related research abroad, possible solutions to these problems were proposed by authors.

Objective To investigate the changes in the phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in spinal dorsal horns in a rat model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic compression of dorsal root ganglion (CCD).Methods Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-250 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =32 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),sham operation group (group S) and group CCD.In CCD group,a small stainless steel needle (4 mm in length and 0.8 mm in diameter) was inserted into the L4,5 intervertebral foramen in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats,developing intervertebral foramen stenosis and hence producing a chronic steady compression of the dorsal root ganglion.In group S,the intervertebral foramen was only exposed without inserting the needle.The paw withdrawal latency (PWL) was measured at 1 day before operation and 1,2 and 4 weeks after operation.The rats were then sacrificed after measurement of PWL and the lumbar enlargement segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and phosphorylation of NMDA receptor NR1 subunits at serine 896 (pNR1S896) on the injured side by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the PWL was significantly shortened at each time point after operation,and the expression of IL-1β and pNR1S896 was up-regulated in group CCD,and the PWL was shortened at 1 week after operation,the expression of IL-1β and pNR1S896 was up-regulated,and no significant change was found in PWL and expression of IL-1β and pNR1S896 at the other time points in group S.Compared with group S,the PWL was significantly shortened at each time point after operation,and the expression of IL-1β and pNR1S896 was up-regulated in group CCD,Compared with the baseline value at 1 day before operation,the PWL was slowly shortened starting from 1 week after operation,and decreased to the lowest level at 2 weeks after operation and maintained at this level for 2 weeks,the expression of IL-1β and pNR1S896 was slowly up-regulated starting from 1 week after operation,and increased to the highest level at 2 weeks after operation and maintained at this level for 2 weeks in group CCD,and the PWL was shortened at 1 week after operation,and the expression of IL-1β and pNR1 S896 was up-regulated in group S.Conclusion The development and maintenance of neuropathic pain induced by CCD are related to phosphorylation of NMDA receptors in spinal dorsal horns of rats.

This study was aimed to investigate the influence on component content indexes,which included chlorogenic acid and luteolin of honeysuckle by the absorption of chemical insecticide thiamethoxam.High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used in the analysis of content determination of component content indexes of honeysuckle samples by different concentrations of thiamethoxam.SPSS was used in the statistical analysis.The results showed that compared to samples from the blank control group,the content of chlorogenic acid had the increasing tendency in the honeysuckle groups with different concentrations of thiamethoxam.However,there was no significant difference among different experiment groups.There was no significant difference on luteolin among honeysuckle groups with different concentrations of thiamethoxam and the blank control group.It was concluded that at the recommended dose and high-powered dose of thiamethoxam,there was some influence on the content of chlorogenic acid.However,there was no significant effect on the content of luteoloside.And the quality scores of both contents were within the range defined in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition).