Objective To investigate the effect of levetiracetam on benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes(BECT) with early-electrical status epilepticus during sleep(ESES).Methods Since June 2010 to June 2013,35 cases of BECT with ESES were treated in our hospital.They were divided into two groups:early-ESES group and ESES group.The seizure rate and spike-wave index in different groups were observed before and after treatment.Intelligence quotient(IQ),response control quotient,attention quotient in different groups were compared before and after treatment.Results The seizure-free rate in earlyESES group was 55.00％,the total effective rate was 85.00％,EEG improvement rate was 60.00％.The seizure-free rate in ESES group was 26.67％,the total effective rate was 73.33％,EEG improvement rate was 46.67％.The seizure-free rate,total effective rate and EEG improvement rate in early-ESES group were higher than that in ESES group,but there were no statistically significant differences between two groups.The cognitive function (verbal IQ:90.29 ± 13.47 vs.83.97 ± 10.20; performance IQ:93.83 ± 11.12 vs.87.03 ± 11.15; full IQ:94.26 ± 10.96 vs.86.71 ± 11.29) and visual attention in both groups (response control quotient:100.77 ± 7.91 vs.87.40 ± 9.68 ; attention quotient:94.66 ± 7.22 vs.79.46 ± 12.52) were significantly improved after treatment(P ＜ 0.05,respectively).Conclusion Levetiracetarn is effective on BECT with ESES and early-ESES,especially on early-ESES.Levetiracetam maybe have a preventive effect on ESES.

Objective To establish and optimize the evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency in China.Methods Delphi method was used along with experts opinion to build the indexes system.Results The expert positive coefficient was over 80% in three rounds of consultation, and the coordination coefficients were 0.144, 0.302 and 0.533 respectively, proving the difference as statistically significant.In the end an evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency had taken shape, comprising three level-1 indexes, 13 level-2 indexes and 114 level-3 indexes.Conclusions The evaluation indexes system of hospitals' technical efficiency established with Delphi method can contribute to optimizing resources allocation and promote efficiency of hospital service.

OBJECTIVE:Tosum up the condition of theoretical teaching and experimental teaching of the Processing of Chinese Materia,and to provide referencefor the reform of teaching model of the Processing of Chinese Materia. METHODS:Teaching soft-ware,teaching video and other modelrn teaching methods were used to enrich the content in theory teaching;linking theory with practice was used to stimulate students'interest in learning;scientific research achievement was introduced in teaching to train stu-dents' scientific research thinking;the teaching model of traditional confirmative experiment teaching was reformed by increasing de-signing experiment hours and score;the traditional usual performance evaluation method was changed by replacing with evaluation method of formative,and it was used for evaluation. RESULTS:The students not only learned theoretical knowledge,but also cul-tivated their ability to analyze and solve problems,changing from passive learning to active learning,so that it has made satisfacto-ry teaching effect. CONCLUSIONS:The traditional concept should be changed in teaching of the Processing of Chinese Materia, paying attention to the combination of scientific research and teaching;improve the situation of the designing experiment in the present undergraduate experimental teachingto stimulate students interest in learning,enhance students'practical ability,and im-prove the quality of teaching.

Minor stroke is a common type of acute ischemic stroke. Early large-scale thrombolytic studies regarded minor stroke as a contraindication of intravenous thrombolysis. In recent years, more and more retrospective studies have shown that some minor stroke patients can still benefit from intravenous thrombolysis. Some studies are starting to identify patients who are more likely to be treated with thrombolysis, but there is still a lack of evidence-based evidence. This article summarizes the thrombolytic study of minor stroke, hoping to provide some references for nerve physicians.

Two new compounds (1 and 2), together with twenty-one known compounds (3-23), were isolated by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over macroporous resin, MCI gel, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis as 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxybenzyl) benzyl methyl ether (1), 4-( methoxymethyl) phenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), hibicutaiwanin (3), 4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-methoxyphenol (4), 4,4'-methylenebis(2-methoxyphenol) (5), L-phenyllactic acid (6) ,4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl ethol ether (7), p-hydroxylbenzyl alcohol (8), p-hydroxylbenzyl methyl ether (9), p-hydroxylbenzyl ethyl ether (10), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (12), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), gastrodin (14), 4-(ethoxymethyl) phenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (15), 4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy) benzaldehyde (16), p-methylphenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (17 ), methyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (18), 5-hydroxymethl-furan aldehyde (19), parishin (20), parishin B (21), parishin C (22), and diosgenin (23). The 13C-NMR data of compound 4 was first reported.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Water ; chemistry

Objective:To explore the correlation between oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), magnetic resonance burden and vascular cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (CSVD).Methods:Totally 300 patients with ischemic cerebral small vessel diseases who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital were selected as the research subjects, and 60 healthy outpatients in the same period were selected as the control group.According to the results of mini mental state examination(MMSE), patients with ischemic cerebral small vessel diseases were divided into cognitive normal group (106 cases) and cognitive impairment group (194 cases). The cognitive impairment group was further divided into mild cognitive impairment group (101 cases), moderate cognitive impairment group (58 cases ) and severe cognitive impairment group (35 cases) according to Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA). MDA and SOD were determined by double antibody sandwich method and the results were compared and analyzed.Results:(1) Compared with the control group(MDA: (8.40±1.81)μmol/L, SOD: (112.73±83.48)U/ml), the level of MDA increased while the level of SOD decreased significantly in normal group(MDA: (8.46±2.05)μmol/L, SOD: (108.90±88.72)U/ml) and cognitive impairment group(MDA: (12.19±7.02)μmol/L, SOD: (62.64±20.34)U/ml). Compared with the cognitive normal group, the level of SOD decreased significantly and MDA increased significantly in cognitive impairment group, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Compared with the normal cognitive group (1.18±1.10), the cognitive impairment group (1.93±1.05) had a higher MRI burden score ( P<0.05). (2)Multivariate analysis showed that the decrease of plasma SOD level( β=-0.024, OR=0.977, 95% CI=0.961-0.992)and the increase of plasma MDA level( β=0.110, OR=1.117, 95% CI=1.005-1.241)and the MRI overall burden( β=0.453, OR=1.573, 95% CI=1.011-2.446)were independent protective factors of vascular cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic CSVD.(3) Compared with mild cognitive impairment group(MDA: (9.79±5.79)μmol/L, SOD: (81.64±58.09)U/ml, MRI overall burdern (1.69±0.99)), the level of SOD decreased significantly and the level of MDA and the MRI overall burden increased significantly in moderate cognitive impairment group and severe cognitive impairment group(MDA: (7.95±2.44)μmol/L, SOD: (76.13±46.00)U/ml, MRI overall burden: (1.78±0.86)), (MDA: (11.16±6.68)μmol/L, SOD: (63.49±20.04)U/ml, MRI overall burden: (2.89±1.02). Compared with the moderate cognitive impairment group, the level of SOD decreased significantly and the level of MDA and the MRI overall burden increased significantly in the severe cognitive impairment group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Increased plasma MDA level, MRI burden score and decreased SOD level in patients with CSVD are all risk factors for the occurrence of cognitive impairment.It is suggested that oxidative stress injury and cerebral small vessel lesions may be involved in the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment of CSVD from multiple aspects.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, and there is no specific treatment to stop or reverse its progression. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an important entry point for early diagnosis and prevention of AD. More and more studies have explored the risk factors and biomarkers for conversion from MCI to AD, and a series of risk prediction models have been established. This article analyzes and summarizes the different predictors and risk prediction models so as to provide basis for early identifying the high-risk group of AD, managing the controllable risk factors, and providing references for the selection and improvement of these models.

Objective To analyze the current situation of the official micro-blogs of the health and family planning commissions of provincial level, and to understand its application approaches.Methods The internet crawler software was used to collect the 102 899 micro-blog posts published by 24 official micro-blogs of health and family planning commissions of provincial level,and analyze the information of crawling by using content analysis method.Results At present, except for a number of provinces in the eastern regions where such micro-blogs were active and interactive,most of these official micro-blogs were found poor in operation management, especially in the spreading capacity; their micro-blog content was focused on science popularization(59.50%).Part of the content lacked scientific basis,and was short of planning in their information release form and content.Conclusions These micro-blogs need optimization in operations management,service positioning,information release specifications,and content audit.Such efforts can help improve their spreading capacity,influence and user viscosity, in order to better serve the public, achieve the goal of a service-oriented government.

BackgroundThe diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease （AD） still faces great challenges， and the advantage of electroencephalogram （EEG） diagnosis lies in its portable and non-invasive nature， so the EEG diagnosis of AD has occupied an important place in clinical research. ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of resting state EEG for AD diagnosis， and to provide references for early recognition of AD in clinical practice. MethodsClinical data of AD patients （n=59） in an Inpatient Geriatric Psychiatry Unit of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital from May 2019 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed， and healthy elderly individuals attending outpatient clinics at the hospital during the same period were enrolled as control group （n=54）. Eight-channel resting state EEG data were acquired， and the absolute power values in the α， β， θ and δ frequency bands and the α/θ ratio were obtained and calculated using Fast Fourier Transform （FFT）. Cognitive function assessments of patients were done by Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） and Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA）. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between EEG findings and MMSE and MoCA scores of AD patienrs. Logistic regression prediction model for AD was built using currently available EEG and clinical variables， and the model performance was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve and the area under curve （AUC）. ResultsThe θ-band absolute powers in the right mid-frontal （F4） and mid-lateral （F7， F8） regions were higher in AD patients than those in healthy controls， with statistically significant difference （t=-2.844， -2.825， -3.014， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The absolute powers of α/θ ratio in prefrontal （Fp1， Fp2）， mid-frontal （F3， F4） and mid-lateral （F7， F8） regions showed a notable reduction in AD patients compared with healthy controls， with statistical difference （t=2.081， 2.327， 3.423， 2.358， 3.272， 2.445， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Spearman correlation analysis denoted that MMSE score was positively correlated with the absolute powers of α-band， β-band and α/θ ratio （r=0.206， 0.288， 0.372， P<0.05 or 0.01）. MoCA score was positively correlated with β absolute powers and α/θ ratio （r=0.201， 0.315， P<0.05 or 0.01）， and negatively correlated with θ absolute power （r=-0.218， P<0.05）. ROC curve revealed an AUC of 0.882 （95% CI： 0.820~0.943）， a sensitivity of 0.966 and a specificity of 0.673 for the AD prediction model based on EEG variables， while the prediction model for AD using comprehensive variables achieved better predictive efficacy， reaching an AUC， sensitivity and specificity of 0.946 （95% CI： 0.905~0.986）， 0.948 and 0.873， respectively. ConclusionResting state EEG of AD patients is correlated with cognitive function， and are of great value in the diagnosis of AD， with θ absolute power and α/θ ratio in EEG being the most strongly correlated with AD.

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease （AD） is the most common type of dementia. There has been an increasing trend in incidence rate. The drug therapy has been proven ineffective in improving the cognitive function of AD patients or delaying the disease progression， leading to perceived low adherence with treatment and low efficacy. Previous basic research shows that blue light irradiation is helpful to improve the cognitive function of AD model rats， but there is no corresponding clinical study on the improvement effect of blue light irradiation on cognitive function of AD patients. ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of blue light irradiation in improving the cognitive function of AD patients， so as to provide references for cognitive stabilization or improvement of AD patients. MethodsA sample of 155 patients who were hospitalized in Geriatric Department of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital from June 2019 to December 2023 and met the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria for AD were retrospectively selected. Among them， 80 cases who received blue light irradiation combined with memantine therapy and conventional psychotherapy were the study group， and 75 cases who only received memantine therapy and conventional psychotherapy were the control group. Blue light irradiation therapy lasted for 4 weeks， 5 times per week， with each session lasting for 30 min. Then Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） and Activity of Daily Living Scale （ADL） were administered at the baseline and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatment， study group reported an increase in MMSE total score， orientation， immediate recall， attention/calculation， delayed recall and language dimension scores （Z=-6.931， -5.773， -4.123， -3.649， -3.508， -4.733， P<0.05）， and a decrease in ADL total score （Z=-7.020， P<0.05） compared to baseline data. Analysis indicated that study group scored higher on MMSE total scale， orientation， immediate recall and language dimensions （Z=-2.784， -4.621， -2.483， -3.463， P<0.05）， and lower on ADL total score （Z=-3.704， P<0.05） than those of control group after treatment. ConclusionBlue light irradiation for AD patients may improve their cognitive function and activities of daily living. ［Fund by National Key Research and Development Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology （number， 2023YFC3603204）； Youth Research Project of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital （number， KN2023A004）］