Early small hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) can be cured by surgery and interventional operation to improve the survival rate of paitents,so the accurate diagnosis of SHCC is of great significance.Presently,the dynamic contrast-enhanced MR scan could only obtain single arterial phase imaging by single breath hold,and it had breathing motion artifact because of the long scanning time.The early arterial transient enhancement of SHCC was easy to be misdiagnosed.The CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE (CDT-VIBE) sequence couldobtain high-quality multiple arterial phases images and hepatic arterial dominant (HAD) images in short-time scanning.And it could not only detect small focal lesions which were difficult to find by other imaging examination,but also find the start enhanced difference between lesions which were relevant to lesions property and blood supplement.The CDT-VIBE has a high clinical value in diagnosis and treatment of SHCC.The research progresses of CDT-VIBE in diagnosis of SHCC was reviewed in this article.

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) VP4 plays an important role in immunosuppression of host. In order to develop monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against VP4, we vaccinated BALB/c mice with His-VP4, screened and subcloned positive clones. We established 4 hybridoma cell lines that stably secreted McAbs against VP4 and named these cell lines 3B3, 3H11, 4C8 and 4G6, respectively. We tested the dissociation constant (Kd) of these McAbs, and found that their K(d)s were 4.61 x 10(-11), 1.71 x 10(-10), 4.26 x 10(-11), 5.02 x 10(-11), respectively. The isotypes of these McAbs were determined to be IgG1, IgG1, IgG2b and IgG1. These McAbs specifically bound to VP4 in IBDV infected DF-1 cells as demonstrated by Western blotting analysis and fluorescence antibody assay. These McAbs would help to detect IBDV infection and to analyze the biological activities of IBDV VP4.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Hybridomas ; Infectious bursal disease virus ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Viral Structural Proteins ; immunology

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and biological features of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist Ⅱ (PIVKA-Ⅱ) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Serum samples of 72 patients with HCC (HCC group), 54 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis (cirrhosis group) and 30 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) without cirrhosis (CHB group) were tested with the PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP detection kits.Diagnostic efficacies of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC).The cut-off value of PIVKA-Ⅱ for diagnose HCC was also determined.Sensitivities and specificities of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were compared.Results The medians of PIVKA-Ⅱ levels in HCC group, cirrhosis group and CHB group were 14.36, 11.21, and 329.88 mAU/mL, respectively.The serum PIVKA-Ⅱ level in the HCC group was significantly higher than that in cirrhosis group (U=342.50, P<0.01).And serum PIVKA-Ⅱ level in cirrhosis group was also higher than that in CHB group (U=481.50,P>0.05).The serum PIVKA-Ⅱ levels in patients with BCLC stage A, B, C in HCC group were 22.13, 345.46, and 13 057.72 mAU/mL, respectively.After comparison of stage A and C with stage B, the differences were both statistically significant (stage A to B: U=119.0, P<0.01;stage B to C: U=158.0, P<0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of PIVKA-Ⅱ with a cut-off value of 30.01 mAU/mL by means of Youden index were 0.750 and 1.000, respectively.When combined PIVKA-Ⅱ with AFP, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.800 and 0.964, respectively.The area under the curve (AUC) was highest (AUC=0.930, 95%CI: 0.852-0.974), and significantly higher than that using PIVKA-Ⅱ alone (AUC=0.892, 95%CI: 0.834-0.950,x2=21.43,P<0.01).Conclusions The diagnostic value of serum PIVKA-Ⅱ is superior to AFP.Combined with AFP, serum PIVKA-Ⅱ can improve the detection rate of HCC, and has advantages during the development of HCC and can be used to monitor the condition of HCC patients.

Objective To investigate the expression and prognostic value of Ikaros6 in adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL) patients.Methods The RNA was extracted from mononuclear cells of bone marrow in 74 adult T-ALL patients.The expression of Ikaros6 was examined by reverse transcription-PCR,and the results were confirmed by sequencing.Clinical features and prognosis were analyzed based on clinical data.Results In 74 T-ALL patients,the incidence rate of Ikaros6 was 21.6 ％ (16/74).Extramedullary infiltrations were occurred often (x2 =4.084,P =0.043),had higher WBC (103.15 × 109/L vs 15.60×109/L,t =0.214,P =0.831),more severe anemia (75.95 g/L vs 107.00 g/L,t =1.504,P =0.142) and lower platelet count (26.0×109/L vs 67.0×109/L,t =1.421,P =0.164) in patients with Ikaros6 positive.Meanwhile Ikaros6-positive patients had inferior survival and were increased risk of relapse as compared with the Ikaros6-negative patients.Conclusions The incidence of Ikaros6 is high in adult T-ALL patients.Ikaros6-positive patients are more likely to have extramedullary infiltration and higher WBC,meanwhile they had inferior survival and increased risk of relapse.Thus Ikaros6 may be served as a valuable factor for risk stratification and prognosis evaluation in adult T-ALL patients.

Objective To compare the anterograde amnesia produced by midazolam,propofol and dexmedetomidine when used to supplement sedation during neuraxial anesthesia.Methods Sixty patients of both sexes,aged 18-50 yr,with body mass index of 23-26 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective operation on lower limbs with neuraxial anesthesia,were divided into 3 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:midazolam group (group M),propofol group (group P) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).When the height of anesthesia was kept below T10,midazolam in a loading dose of O.05 mg/kg was intravenously injected in group M,propofol in a loading dose of O.4 mng/kg was intravenously injected in group P,and dexmedetomidine in a loading dose of 0.6 μg/kg was intravenously injected in group D.The infusion rate of the 3 drugs was adjusted to maintain bispectral index value at 82-86.When Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale scores achieved 3 or 4 after administration,anterograde amnesia was measured by postoperative recall of cards.The development of intraoperative hypotension,bradycardia and respiratory depression was recorded.Results Compared with group M,the incidence of global amnesia was significantly decreased in P and D groups (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of global amnesia between group P and group D (P＞ 0.05).No patients developed hypotension,bradycardia or respiratory depression in three groups.Conclusion Midazolam produces better anterograde amnesia than propofol and dexmedetomidine when used to supplement sedation during neuraxial anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the expression of marrow-derived thyroid stimulating hormone β (TSHβ) splice variant in thyroid of mouse with autoimmune thyroiditis induced by thyroglobulin(Tg) immunization,and to analyze whether TSHβ splice variant participated in the pathological process of autoimmune thyroiditis.Methods Using random number table,forty-eight mice(24 females and 24 males) of 7 to 8 weeks old with body mass 20 to 25 g were randomly divided into 4 groups(12 females and 12 males in each group) based on body weight and gender.The control group:fed with deionized water; the Tg-treated group(TG):fed with deionized water,and immunized subcutaneously with 0.1 mg Tg at 8 weeks old,boost immunized twice at 11 and 15 weeks old,respectively; the high iodine-treated group (HI):fed with deionized water containing 0.05％ sodium iodide (NaI); the Tg combined with HI group (TG + HI):fed with deionized water containing 0.05％ NaI,and immunized the same way as the TG group did.Peripheral blood was collected after 8 weeks treatment,which was used for determination of total tetraiodothyronine (TT4),free tetraiothyronine (FT4),total triiodothyronine (TT3) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) with chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA); thyroid glands were collected to examine the expression of TSHβ splice variant with SYBR Green fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR,and frozen sections were HE stained for observation of histopathological changes of thyroid cells under light microscopy.Results Under naked eyes,the thyroid gland enlarged significantly,and looked dark red in HI and TG + HI groups.Under an optical microscope,thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented cuboidal,with abundant cytoplasm,presented abundant glial in follicular cavity,without lymphocyte infiltration in the control group; in TG group,the thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented cuboidal,with some single scattered lymphocytes; in HI group,colloid volume expansion appeared in thyroid follicles,thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented low cuboidal or flat,with few single scattered lymphocytes; in TG + HI group,most colloid accumulative large follicles presented in thyroid,thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented flat,some destructive thyroid follicular structure and infiltrating lymphocytes appeared.The differences of FT3,TT4,FT4 and TSHβ splice variant between groups were statistically significant(F =4.00,12.54,31.92,214.29,all P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the control group,the serum TT3(nmol/L:0.92 ± 0.07 vs.1.30 ± 0.33,t =-2.24),TT4(nmol/L:1.30 ± 0.33 vs.95.60 ± 14.10,t =-3.02),FT4(pmoL/L:54.07 ± 3.67 vs.154.80 ± 0.01,t =-54.87) and the thyroids' TSHβ(× 10-3:4.11±0.32 vs.8.38 ± 0.22,t =-19.11) were higher in TG group(all P ＜ 0.05) ; the serum TT4(nmol/L:67.75 ± 11.91 vs.45.50± 3.85,t =3.55,P ＜ 0.05) was lower in HI group; the serum FT4(pmol/L:54.07 ± 3.67 vs.139.46 ± 30.00,t =-5.65) and the thyroids' TSHβ splice variant (× 10-3:4.11 ± 0.32 vs.5.33 ± 1.47,t =-5.95) were higher in TG + HI group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions High iodine has aggravated thyroiditis of BALB/c mice induced by Tg immunization; the level of thyroid TSHβ in mice with autoimmune thyroiditis is higher; all of these results indicated that TSHβ is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis.

This study was aimed to investigate the influence on component content indexes,which included chlorogenic acid and luteolin of honeysuckle by the absorption of chemical insecticide thiamethoxam.High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used in the analysis of content determination of component content indexes of honeysuckle samples by different concentrations of thiamethoxam.SPSS was used in the statistical analysis.The results showed that compared to samples from the blank control group,the content of chlorogenic acid had the increasing tendency in the honeysuckle groups with different concentrations of thiamethoxam.However,there was no significant difference among different experiment groups.There was no significant difference on luteolin among honeysuckle groups with different concentrations of thiamethoxam and the blank control group.It was concluded that at the recommended dose and high-powered dose of thiamethoxam,there was some influence on the content of chlorogenic acid.However,there was no significant effect on the content of luteoloside.And the quality scores of both contents were within the range defined in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition).

Objective To compare the short-term efficacies of laparoscopic intersphincteric resection (ISR) and laparotomy for ultra-low rectal cancers by Meta-analysis.Methods We searched case-control trials that compared clinical outcomes of laparoscopic ISR and laparotomy from PubMed, EMBase, Ovid, CNKI and Wanfang database.Relevant published and unpublished data and conference papers were also retrieved.Two reviewers independently assessed the qualities of the included studies.Meta-analysis was performed by using of RevMan5.2 software.Results A total of 5 trials with 552 cases were included.The results of Meta-analysis showed that in terms of blood loss of the operation [mean difference (MD) =-65.42, 95％ CI:-93.45--37.38, Z=4.57, P＜0.000 01], flatus passage time (MD=-0.96, 95％CI:-1.45--0.47, Z=3.83, P=0.000 1) and hospital stays (MD=-1.69,95％CI:-2.19--1.19, Z=6.63, P＜0.00001),laparoscopic ISR were significantly superior than those of laparotomy, with significant differences.In terms of operation time (MD =6.61,95 ％ CI:-21.29-34.51, Z =0.46, P =0.64), the positive rate of circumferential resection margin (OR =1.01, 95％ CI: 0.37-2.80, Z =0.02, P =0.98) and postoperative morbidity (0R=0.73, 95％ CI: 0.45-1.20, Z =1.23, P =0.22), there were no significant differences in the two groups.However, laparotomy may clean more numbers of lymph nodes than those of laparoscopic ISR (MD =-1.16, 95％CI:-2.14--0.18, Z =2.31, P =0.02), with significant difference.Conclusion The shortterm efficacy of laparoscopic ISR is superior than that of laparotomy in the treatment of ultra-low rectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE:Tosum up the condition of theoretical teaching and experimental teaching of the Processing of Chinese Materia,and to provide referencefor the reform of teaching model of the Processing of Chinese Materia. METHODS:Teaching soft-ware,teaching video and other modelrn teaching methods were used to enrich the content in theory teaching;linking theory with practice was used to stimulate students'interest in learning;scientific research achievement was introduced in teaching to train stu-dents' scientific research thinking;the teaching model of traditional confirmative experiment teaching was reformed by increasing de-signing experiment hours and score;the traditional usual performance evaluation method was changed by replacing with evaluation method of formative,and it was used for evaluation. RESULTS:The students not only learned theoretical knowledge,but also cul-tivated their ability to analyze and solve problems,changing from passive learning to active learning,so that it has made satisfacto-ry teaching effect. CONCLUSIONS:The traditional concept should be changed in teaching of the Processing of Chinese Materia, paying attention to the combination of scientific research and teaching;improve the situation of the designing experiment in the present undergraduate experimental teachingto stimulate students interest in learning,enhance students'practical ability,and im-prove the quality of teaching.

Objective By summing up monitoring data of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2012, to evaluate epidemiological dynamics and analyze prevalence trend. Method Monitoring data of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2012 were collected, epidemiological characteristics including prevalence condition, area and population distribution were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. Results Totally 38 578 persons were examined from 2000 to 2012. The number of persons infected with brucellosis was 1 209, the infection rate was 3.34%;the number of patients diagnosed with human brucellosis was 344, the prevalence rate was 0.89%. New cases had occurred since 2006, and there were 158 new cases diagnosed with brucellosis. The prevalence rates in cities and areas of agriculture and pasture were 2.93%(78/2 663), 1.18%(33/2 806) and 0.70%(233/33 109), respectively. The ages of developing brucellosis ranged from 10 to 72 years old. The prevalence rates of biological pharmaceutical producers and the herdsman were [18.13%(196/1 081)] and [6.13%(353/5 763)], respectively. The prevalence rate of human brucellosis in Han nation was the highest [4.61%(467/10 140)], followed by Tibet [3.60%(443/12 318)], Mongolia [2.53%(211/8 342)], Tu [2.22%(110/4 953)] and Hui [2.09%(59/2 825)], and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 102.493, P < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence state of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province is in a increasing trend, and new cases are increasing.