Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was considered to be the most rapidly fatal leukemia,because of serve clinical manifestation,high rate of early death and the low cure rate.APL has achieved great success due to the application of ATRA and ATO.Although the complete remission rate is about 90％,the relapse rate has been reported to be as high as 15％-30％.So reducing the recurrence and improving long-time survival have become the focus of the study.Choosing the reasonable treatment after remission is very important.The post remission therapy usually include consolidation therapy and maintenance therapy,but the optimal strategy has been controversy.Therefore,this artical will review the literature of APL in consolidation therapy.

Objective To investigate the long-term efficacy of transendocardial injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into ischemic porcine myocardium.Methods Thirty pigs were divided into two groups:control group and treatment group (15 each).A angioplasty balloon was used to occlude the left anterior descending coronary arteries of the animals to reproduce a porcine myocardial ischemic model.Blank plasmid (control group) or constructed pIRES2-EGFP-hVEGF165 eukaryotic expression plasmid (treatment group) was directly injected into the ischemic myocardium through an transendocardial injection catheter of NOGA system,respectively.Before and one year after injection,left ventricular electromechanical mapping (LVEMM) was used to detect local linear shortening (LLS) and unipolar potential (UpV);M-mode local wall motion,cycle variation of integrated backscatter (CVIB) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were detected by ultrasonagraphy.One year later,the animals were sacrificed for the observation of the capillary formation in myocardial tissue with immunohistochemical staining.Results One year after injection,as compared with that of control group,local linear shortening (LLS) showed a significant increase (P0.05),and ultrasonagraphy showed better heart function in the treatment group (P

Object To optimize the process for the extraction of the original recipe used in the treatment of eczema to give a new ECZEMA SPRAY dosage form Methods The extraction process was studied by orthogonal experimental design as guided by determining the content of paeonol and baicalin in the extract Results The optimal extraction process was to reflux the original recipe with 80% ethanol twice at a bath temperature of about 90 ℃ for 1 5 and 1 0 h respectively The amount of ethanol used for each extraction was 10 and 8 times of the original recipe respectively Conclusion The above extraction process gave the most rational and satisfactory results

Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of intraperitoneal administration of thymosin β4 on severe acute pancreatitis in rats.Methods Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly (random number) divided into sham operation (SO) group,severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group and thymosin β4 (Tβ4) pretreatment group (n =18 in each group).SAP rat model was prepared by retrograde injection of 5％ sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct.Rats in Tβ4 group were treated with thymosin β4 (6 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal administration prior to SAP modeling.Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 3,6,12 hours,respectively after modeling.The serum levels of amylase,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β),and interleukin-6 (IL-6)were detected,and pathological scores of the tissue of pancreas head were evaluated under light microscope.Pancreatic nuclear factor-kappa 1B (NF-κB) p65 and IκB α levels were detected by the Western blot.All data were analyzed by using the analysis of variauce or t test.Results The levels of serum amylase of SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (3221 ±394) U/L,(4509 ±474) U/L and (6280 ±728) U/L,which were significantly higher than (2598±416) U/L,(3639 ±373) U/L and (4782 ±466) U/L of the Tβ4 groups (t =-2.666,-3.530,-4.245,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α of the SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (247.7 ± 18.5) pg/mL,(313.5 ± 17.7) pg/mL and (359.3 ±22.6) pg/mL,which were higher than (182.3 ± 13.6) pg/mL,(258.9 ± 14.9) pg/mL and (278.1 ± 16.3) pg/mL of the Tβ4 groups (t =-6.964,-5.769,-7.152,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum IL-1 β of the SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (258.2±10.5) pg/mL,(345.1 ±22.0) pg/mL and (430.9 ±25.4) pg/mL,which were higher than (170.3 ± 12.4) pg/mL,(263.5 ± 13.3) pg/mL and (303.7 ± 16.1) pg/mL of the Tβ4 groups (t =-13.258,-7.762,-10.355,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum IL-6 of SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (266.3 ±11.5) pg/mL,(355.0 ±24.4) pg/mL and (429.2 ±33.7) pg/ mL,which were higher than (171.1 ± 13.0) pg/mL,(234.9 ± 19.2) pg/mL and (277.2 ± 19.2) pg/ mL of the Tβ4 groups (t =-13.401,-9.474,-9.582,P ＜ 0.05).The pancreatic pathological scores of the SAP3,6 and 12 hours groups were (6.25 ±0.94),(8.83 ±0.82) and (12.08 ±1.16),which were higher than (4.17 ± 0.93),(6.33 ± 0.82) and (7.33 ± 1.25) of the Tβ4 groups (t =-3.867,-5.303,-6.823,P ＜ 0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic NF-κB p65 in SO group was (0.95 ±0.11),which was significantly lower than (2.40 ±0.17) of the SAP 12 hours group (t =-17.368,P＜ 0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic NF-κB p65 in Tβ4 group was 1.50 ± 0.10,which was significantly lower than SAP 12 hours group (t =10.917,P ＜0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic IκB α in SO group was (1.93 ±0.11),which was significantly higher than (0.78 ±0.18) of the SAP 12 hours group (t =13.260,P ＜ 0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic IκB α in Tβ4 group was (1.12±0.10),which was significantly higher than SAP 12 hours group (t =-4.112,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Thymosin β4 has the protective effect on SAP rat model,and the mechanism may be associated with inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway and decreased proinflammatory cytokines.

BACKGROUND:Vacuolar proton pump on the cytoplasmic membrane of osteoclasts is an essential enzyme for bone histolysis. Vacuolar proton pump inhibitor can significantly inhibit the in vitro cultured osteoclasts.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of proton pump inhibitor FR167356 on the osseointegration of dental implant of osteoporosis rabbits.
METHODS:A total of 24 female Japanese white rabbits aged 5 months were randomly divided into three groups:ovariectomy (OVX) group, FR167356 group and shamed operation group. Each group contained eight rabbits. Rabbits of OVX group and FR167356 group received a surgical removal of bilateral ovaries, while rabbits of sham operation group had a surgical removal of equivalent adipose tissue beside the ovaries. Two titatium implants (8 mm long, 3.3 mm diameter) were instal ed into bilateral proximal tibias respectively 12 weeks after OVX operation. FR167356 was administrated by muscle injection in FR167356 group;meanwhile equivalent normal saline was administrated in the OVX group and sham operation group. At 4 and 8 weeks after implantation, animals in each group were sacrificed respectively for X-ray imaging, histomorphology, and mechanical test.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:X-ray examination showed that at 4 weeks, the implants in the OVX group exhibited a high resistance projective image, low density image of clearance screw thread, and clear boundaries between bone tissue than the other two group. At 12 weeks, the density of the clearance screw thread in sham operation group and FR167356 group was more closer to the surrounding bone tissue when compared with the OVX group, the boundaries between the implant and the surrounding bone tissue disappeared more apparently, and no significant differences were found between the two groups. Histomorphology observation revealed that, at 4 weeks after implantation, new bone with porous and trabecular extended along the implant surface to the root direction in FR167356 and sham operation groups. There were no significant differences in the two groups. At 12 weeks after implantation, the bone mass around implant was increased greatly and the trabecular grew thicker. This phenomenon was not observed in the OVX group. Mechanic test showed that at 4 and 12 weeks after implantation, the maximum pul out force in the OVX group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups. Local application of FR167356 can significantly improve the osseointegration of the implant in osteoporosis rabbits.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on urodynamic alteration in rats after complete T10 spinal cord transection.Methods Thirty-one female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into a sham operation group (n=10),a model group (n=11) and an electroacupuncture (EA) group (n=10).The spinal cords of the rats in the latter two groups were completely transected at the T10 level.Pressure was applied to the rats'lower abdomens every day while in the EA group electroacupuncture with continuous wave electricity was applied to the guanyuan (RN4) and sanyinjiao (SP6) acupoints for 15 min.The treatment was carried out daily for consecutive 7 days.Urodynamic examinations were carried out after the treatment course had finished.Results At the 9th day after the operation,average residual urine volume and bladder capacity in the EA group were both significantly lower than in the model group.Residual urine volume and bladder capacity were lowest in the sham operation group.Average voided volume and voiding rate in the EA group were significantly higher than in the model group.The average voiding rate was highest in the sham operation group.The average vesical pressure of the urine leak point and bladder compliance of the EA group rats were significantly lower than those of the model group The average vesical pressure of the urine leak point and bladder compliance of the sham operation group were lowest of all.All of these differences were statistically significant at the 1％ level of confidence.Conclusion EA can improve the lower bladder's detrusor reflex state and urinary tract function soon after complete T10 spinal cord transaction,at least in rats.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that embryonic stem cells call be induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells, but the induction process takes a long time. Most of the processes take about one month.OBJECTIVE: Activin A, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and nicotinamide were applied in vitro in combination to observe whether mouse embryonic stem cells could be induct to differentiate into insulin-producing cell in a relatively short time.DESIGN: Cell observation experiment.SETTING: Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.MATERIALS: This study was performed at Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases from October 2004 to February 2006. Two mice of clean grade and of 12.5-14.5 days of gestational age were provided by Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd (Permission No. 2004A034). The protocol was performed in accordance with ethical guidelines for the use and care of animals. Mouse embryonic stem cell lines were supplied by Dr Changxian Zhang (CNRS UMR5641, France). Activin A was the product of the R & D Corporation. ATRA and nicotinamide were supplied by the Sigma Corporation, USA. BFGF was supplied by Gibco Corporaion. METHODS: Head and viscera were removed from embryos of the pregnant mouse. The remaining tissues were cut into pieces and digested with trypsin. Cell suspension was centrifuged and inoculated at 3×108L-1. The cells could be used as mouse feeder layer after 2-3 times of passage. The mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were inoculated onto the feeder layer in knockout Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with leukemia inhibitory factors (LIF). ESCs were passaged at 1:3-1:6 after 2-3 days of culture. Culture medium with serum was added into the culture dishes to terminate the digestion. Cell fluid was centrifuged and supernatant was discarded. The sediments were prepared into suspension and inoculated at 2.5×104 with LIF-free culture medium. After 24-48 hours, embryonic bodies (EBs) were collected and replated in 1% Matrigel-coated dishes. When began to adhere to the dishes, EBs were cultured in 10% FBS/DMEM supplemented with 100μg/L activin A for 24 hours. Then EBs were switched to 10% FBS/DMEM for 6-8 hours as an interval. After this interval. EBs differentiated were cultured in 10% FBS/DMEM with 10<-6mol/L RA for another 24 hours followed by culture in 10% FBS/DMEM supplemented with 10μg/L bFGFs for 3-5 days. Finally, EBs differentiated were cultured in DMEM/F12 supplemented with N2 supplement, B27 supplement, 1μg/L laminin, 10μg/L bFGFs, and 10mmol/L nicotinamide for 3-5 days. Dithizone (DTZ) staining, inununofluorescent staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were applied to detect insulin expression in the differentiated cells.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Induction of ESCs, DTZ staining and immunofluorescent staining as wel as RT-PCR detection.RESULTS: Mouse ESCs growing on a feeder layer formed many colonies with clear boundary and dense structure. However, there was no obvious outer limit between these ESCs. EBs began to adhere to the dishes, which were coated with matrigel, on the 2nd day. After activin A and ATRA interval induction, EBs spread, and most of the living cells were epithelial cell-like when cultured in 10% FBS/DMEM supplemented with 10μg/L bFGFs. After culturing in DMEM/F12 supplemented with N2, B27, nicotinamide, bFGFs and laminin, the cells formed small clusters. The insulin-producing cells were stained dark red with DTZ, and the cells stained with primary antibody to insulin were insulin-positive. After 2 weeks of induction of activin A, ATRA, bFGFs and nicotinamide, the insulin-producing cells expressed insulin 2, Pdxl, Nkx6.1, Nkx2.2, PP, IAPP, Glut2, Somastatin, Hnf3β and Neuro D mRNA but did not express insulin 1 mRNA.CONCLUSION: Mouse ESCs call be induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells by activin A, ATRA, bFGFs and nicotinamide in vitro. Induction time call be shortened to 2 weeks.

Objective To investigate the effects of constant magnetic field (CMF) on proliferation, apopto-sis and nitric oxide (NO) secretion of rat bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) intervened by C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods EPCs were isolated from rat bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation and cultured on fibronectin-coated dishes. The cells were divided into five groups, i. e., control group, CRP (12 μg/ml) group, CRP plus CMF (0.1, 0. 5, 1.0 mT) groups. Samples were collected 24 hours after incubation. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT chromatometry. Apoptosis rate was detected by flow-cytometry. NO content of culture medium was measured by nitrate reductase method. Results As compared with control group, cell prolifer-ation in CRP group reduced significantly (0. 265±0. 008 vs 0. 316±0. 011, P < 0.05), NO secretion also de-creased significantly [(22.7±4.5) μmol/L vs (37.6±3.8) μmol/L, P < 0.05], cell apoptosis rate elevated sig-nificantly [(10.8±0. 8) % vs (4.2±0.5)% ,P < 0.05]. Cell proliferation in CRP plus 0. 5 mT or 1.0 mT CMF group (0. 295±0. 009,0. 302±0. 010) were much more than those in CRP group (P<0.05), NO secretion contents [(28.3±4.9) μmol/L, (29.2±5.6) μmol/L]were also much more than those in CRP group (P < 0.05) , apopto-sis rate [(7.4±0.5)% ,(6.9±0.6)%]was significantly lower than that in CRP group (P <0.05). Conclusion CMF at intensity of 0.5 mT and 1.0 mT can antagonize the effects of CR, promote proliferation of EPCs and secretion of NO and inhibit apoptosis rate of EPCs.

Objective: To explore network relationships among depression, Internet addiction and campus bullying among adolescents, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of adolescents psychological status and risky behaviors. Methods: In September 2020, a stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to select 5 000 middle school students for investigation. A structural equation model was used to analyze depression, Internet addiction and bullying and their related influencing factors in order to clarify the pathway and magnitude of effects. Results: Depression had a positive effect on Internet addiction with adolescents( β=0.35, P <0.01), school bullying had a positive effect on depression and Internet addiction with adolescents( β=0.23, 0.05, P <0.01). Adolescent depression was found to play a partial mediating role with respect to the influence of sleep duration on Internet addiction, and the indirect effect was -0.01, accounting for 63.6% of the total effect. Depression played a partial mediating role regarding the influence of the frequency of moderate and high intensity exercise on Internet addiction in adolescents; the indirect effect was -0.01, accounting for 21.8% of the total effect. Conclusion Considering the interaction among adolescent depression, Internet addiction, and school bullying, it s important to include associated factors when developing effective prevention and intervention strategies, which can thus promote the physical and mental health of students, and provide scientific and effective protection.

Objective: To explore the performance of machine learning prediction models in forecasting student absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms caused by air pollution in short term, aiming to provide a methodological reference for early warning systems of school diseases. Methods: Utilizing data from shortterm sequences of student absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms in Jiangsu Province from September 2019 to October 2022, the study integrated average concentrations of atmospheric pollutants. A univariate distributed lag nonlinear model was employed to select optimal lag variables for the pollutants. An extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) algorithm model was developed to predict the frequency of absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms and compared with the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous factors(SARIMAX) model. Results: Between 2019 and 2022, an average of 9 709 students per day in Jiangsu Province were absent due to respiratory symptoms. The daily average air quality index (AQI) was 76.96,with mass concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O3 averaging at 35.75, 61.13, 28.89, 104.81 μg/m3, respectively. Granger causality tests indicated that AQI, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O3 were significant predictors of absenteeism frequency due to respirutory symptoms(F=1.46,1.79,1.67,3.41,2.18,P<0.01). The singleday lag effects of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O3 reached their peak relative risk (RR) values at lag4, lag0, lag0, lag4 respectively. When integrating these optimal lag variables for the pollutants, the XGBoost model demonstrated superior predictive performance to the SARIMAX model, reducing the mean absolute error (MAE) from 2.251 to 0.475, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) from 0.429 to 0.080, and root mean square error (RMSE) from 2.582 to 0.713; at the P75 percentile alert threshold, the sensitivity improved from 0.086 to 0.694 and specificity from 0.979 to 0.988, with the Youden index increasing from 0.065 to 0.682. Conclusions The XGBoost model exhibits robust predictive performance and effective early warning capabilities for shortterm sequences of student absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms caused by air pollution. Schools could timely adopt this model to preemptively detect and control disease outbreaks, thereby enhancing school health management.