Anterior communicating artery aneurysms (ACoAA) accounts for about 30% of all intracranial aneurysms, and their occurrence and morphology are closely related to A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery. The dominant blood supply of A1 segment of unilateral anterior cerebral artery and the angle between A1 segment and A2 segment are important factors for the formation and development of ACoAA. The aneurysmal orientation of ACoAA is closely related to the morphological features of the A1 segment of the dominant anterior cerebral artery. The morphology of the A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery has an important effect on treatment and outcome of ACoAA.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of pigolitazone/metformin fixed-dose combination therapy replacing metformin alone or combined with other anti-diabetes drugs in type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control.Methods 80 cases were recruited,with an average age of (54.79±13.99)years,diabetes history of (9.76±6.59) and baseline HbA1c (9.06±1.34)％.All participants received pigolitazone/metformin instead of metformin without other treatment changes.Glycemic control (level of fast blood glucose,HbA1c) was evaluated at 12 weeks,as well as lipid profiles,liver and renal function,adverse events and body weight.Results 8 cases were lost to visit,4 cases were withdrawn for edema,only 68 subjects finished the study.Compared to the baseline,after 12-week treatment,FPG decreased for (2.06+0.16) mmol/L,HbA1c decreased for (0.84+0.23)％,both of the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.001,P＜0.001).Body weight increased (0.34+1.13)kg,with no difference compared to the baseline.The lipid profile presented elevated high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.012)and decreased total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,while the latter three items showed no differences (P＞0.05,P＞0.05,P＞0.05).Indexes reflecting liver and renal function,such as ALT,AST,TBIL,DBIL,Urea,UA,Cr showed no differences compared with the baseline.Adverse events analysis showed at the end of the study,no severe hypoglycemia and serious cardiovascular events occurred,6 cases suffered edema,among whom 4 patients exited the study for severe lower limb edema.No extra gastrointestinal symptom happened.Conclusion Pigolitazone/metformin fixed-dose combination exhibits an excellent efficacy and safety for T2DM,with satisfying tolerability and compliance,which is a selection for those patients with poor glycemic control.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of postprandial and preprandial injection of glulisine.Methods Sixty hospitalized patients with T2DM receiving one dose of glargine and three doses of glulisine were recruited.They were randomly divided into two groups:group A and group B when the glycemic state and insulin dosages had been stable for more than seven days.Two-stage cross design:stage 1:group A (n=30):glulisine was injected before meal;Group B (n=30):glulisine was injected after meal.Blood glucose was monitored for three days.Stage 2:glulisine was injected after meal in group A while before meal in group B without dosages adjustment,and blood glucose was monitored continuously for three days.Then standard deviation of blood sugar (SDBG),blood glucose fluctuation after meal (PPGE),maximum blood glucose fluctuation range (LAGE) during 24 hour and satisfaction values of insulin treatment (SVIT) were compared.Results There was no significant differences between group A and group B in terms of age((50.70±13.29)years vs (55.63±13.05) years,P=0.152),diabetes course((36.23±29.20)months vs (43.63±32.19) months,P=0.355),HbA1c ((10.05％± 1.46％)vs (9.81％±2.08％,P=0.612),daily insulin dose((35.67±8.64)U vs (34.83±8.24) U,P=0.704),SDBG ((2.63±0.58 vs (2.84±0.64)) before operation.There was no significant differences of SDBG(F=0.432,P=0.73),PPGE (F=1.216,P=0.31),LAGE (F=0.431,P=0.73) or SVIT (F=0.685,P=0.56) between glulisine injected before and after meal.Conclusion Postprandial glulisine administration can provide the same effect in lowering glucose,satisfaction values and reducing glucose fluctuation as preprandial injection.

Objective : To learn the awareness of chronic diseases prevention and control and its influencing factors among high school students in regions inhabited by ethnic groups,so as to strengthen the prevention of chronic diseases among adolescents in these regions. Methods: Totally 1 050 high school students in Tuquan County,Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia were selected by cluster sampling method. The general information,family factors,attitude to learning,psychological factors,behavioral styles and awareness of chronic diseases prevention and control were investigated,and the influencing factors for the awareness were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results: There were 1 001 valid questionnaires recovered,with a response rate of 95.33%. There were 685 Han students,accounting for 68.43%,241 Mongol students,accounting for 24.08%,and 75 students with other ethnic minorities,accounting for 7.49%. The average awareness rate of chronic diseases prevention and control was 53.25%;the awareness rates of hypertension prevention measures,smoking and drinking hazards,food susceptible to aflatoxin pollution and high cholesterol food were high,all more than 70%;while the awareness rates of long-term high lipid hazards,high blood pressure diagnosis standard and diabetes symptoms was low,all less than 40%. There was no significant difference in the awareness rate of chronic diseases prevention and control among different nationalities（P>0.05）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the students who were female（OR=1.309,95%CI：1.008-1.700）,had high achievement（OR=1.509,95%CI：1.055-2.159）,and thought exams were important（OR=1.570,95%CI：1.204-2.046）were more likely to have high awareness,while the students who spent five to less than eight hours a day on screens（OR=0.514,95%CI：0.335-0.789）were less likely to have high awareness. Conclusions The awareness rate of chronic diseases prevention and control of high school students in Tuquan County is 53.25%,and there is no significant difference between Mongol and Han students. Gender,academic performance,attitude to examination and time spent on screens can affect the awareness rate.

Objective:To observe the effect of rhGLP-1 (7-36) on Akt/GSK3 signaling pathway in hepatocytes.Methods:Human HL7702 cell line was cultured to the logarithmic growth stage and divided into experimental group and blank control group. The cultures were incubated with 100nM medium containing rhglp-1 (7-36) and without rhglp-1 (7-36) for 90min. The levels of Akt, Glycogen synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3) and Glycogen synthase (GS) in the two groups were detected by Western Blot.Results:Compared with blank control group, the protein expression of p-Akt (Thr308) in experimental group (1.81±0.28) was significantly increased ( P=0.01), but the protein expression of Akt and p-Akt (Ser473) was not significantly changed. The protein expression levels of p-GSK3α (Ser21) (1.27±0.09) and p-GSK3β (Ser9) (1.24±0.09) in the experimental group were significantly increased ( P=0.003, 0.002), while the protein expression levels of GSK3α and GSK3β were not significantly changed. The protein expression level of p-GS (Ser641) (0.70±0.16) was decreased in the experimental group ( P=0.03), but the protein expression level of GS did not change significantly. Conclusion:Glp-1 can inhibit GSK3/GS signaling pathway, activate GS activity and promote glycogen synthesis.

We will review a case of adrenal aldosterone-cortisol co-producing adenoma (A/CPA) admitted to our hospital on May 7, 2021. By reviewing the clinical courses of this case and its relevant literatures, we hope to improve the understanding and treatment level of this disease.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-tumor effects of the components of Ganoderma lucidum(Gc) based on the two-dimensional(2D) and three-dimensional(3D) culture of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. METHODS The chemical compositional of the three components was identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. An in vitro 3D culture model of HCT116 cells was established by using Matrigel as the matrix material, and the effects of Gc1, Gc2, Gc3, and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) on the proliferation of HCT116 cells in 2D and 3D culture models were evaluated, and the effects of Gc3 on cell-cycle, apoptosis, drug resistance, lipid metabolism, and 5-FU's anti-tumor activity were evaluated. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. mRNA expression level of the cells was analyzed by Real-time PCR. Proteins expression level of the cells was analyzed by Western blotting. HPLC was used to detect the content of 5-FU in cells. RESULTS A total of 76, 69, and 17 compounds were identified from Gc1, Gc2, and Gc3, respectively. Compared with 2D culture, the proliferation rate of HCT116 cells was decreased in the 3D culture model, and the expression of cell cycle-promoters CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and fatty acid synthesizer FASN, SREBP1 were significantly down-regulated. On the contrary, the expression of cell cycle-suppressor p21, p27, and lipid droplet breakdown proteins ATGL and drug resistance gene ITGB1, CDH1, ABCB1, and ABCC1 mRNA were significantly up-regulated. Gc1, Gc2, Gc3 and 5-FU inhibited the proliferation of both 2D and 3D cultured HCT116 cells in a dose dependent manner after incubation for 48 h, and the inhibitory effect of Gc3 was significantly stronger than Gc1 and Gc2. Gc3 could not only reduce the expression of CDK2, CDK4, Bcl-xl, ATGL, and LC3B proteins, but also increase the expression of p21, p27, Bax, Cleaved caspase-3, and Cleaved PARP1 proteins, and overexpression of LC3B or ATGL attenuated Gc3-induced cytotoxicity in 3D cultured HCT116 cells. In addition, Gc3 significantly inhibited the expression of ITGB1, CDH1, ABCB1, and ABCC1 mRNA, and increased the intracellular 5-FU content, and enhanced the anti-tumor activity. CONCLUSION Gc3 significantly inhibit the proliferation of 3D-cultured HCT116 cells by inhibiting cell autophagy and lipid droplet breakdown, and enhance the anti-cancer activity of 5-FU by inhibiting the expression of ITGB1, CDH1, ABCB1, and ABCC1 mRNA.

Screening potential differentially expressed genes can help us to understand the functions of the genes and their roles in disease development. Due to the different emphases of the principal component analysis and independent component analysis, a novel method that combines principal component analysis and independent component analysis is proposed to identify differentially expressed genes associated with gastric cancer for the improvement of accuracy and credibility of results. This method screens out 16 differentially expressed genes which is significantly related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer from gastric cancer gene expression data with 7129 genes and 29 samples. These genes are worthy to be studied experimentally. The results of this paper are helpful for revealing the occurrence and development mechanism of gastric cancer.
Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Principal Component Analysis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective:To explore the relationship between the childhood trauma and neruocognition in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Sixty-two patients with schizophrenic were selected from Anhui mental health center, and sixty-three community health controls were selected. All subjects were assessed with the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), Wisconsin card sorting Test (WCST), attention network test (ANT), verbal fluency test (VFT) and digit span test (DST). SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis. t-test was used to compare the measurement data of normal distribution and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the measurement data of non-normal distribution. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between CTQ score and cognitive function score. Results:Compared with health controls(34.00(30.00, 37.00), 6.00 (5.00, 7.00), 5.00(5.00, 5.00), 5.00(5.00, 5.00), 9.00(6.00, 11.00), 7.00(6.00, 10.00)), the total score of CTQ, subscores of emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect in patients with schizophrenia were significantly increased (48.50(37.75, 57.00), 9.00(6.00, 12.25), 7.00(5.00, 9.25), 5.50(5.00, 7.25), 13.00 (9.00, 16.25), 11.00(8.00, 13.00)) ( Z=-4.781--6.724, all P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the number of WCST classification completed in the patient group was lower, while the number of wrong answers, continuous answers and persistent errors increased ( Z=-5.655--6.060, all P< 0.01). The correct rate of ant decreased, but the reaction time increased ( Z=-5.796, -6.094, all P< 0.01). VFT and DST scores were decreased ( Z=-3.492--8.499, both P< 0.01). In patients with schizophrenia, CTQ sexual abuse subscore were negatively correlated with completed categories scores ( r=-0.384) and positively correlated with total errors ( r=0.360), perseverative responses( r=0.394) and perseverative errors ( r=0.381) on WCST(all P<0.01). CTQ physical neglect scores were negatively correlated with the ANT correct ratio( r=-0.400) and conflict resolution( r=-0.417) (all P<0.01). CTQ emotional neglect scores were negatively correlated with VFT scores( r=-0.345) ( P<0.01). The significant associations remained after controlling for age, education and PANSS scores. Conclusion:Patients with schizophrenia experience more traumatic events in their early years and have extensive cognitive defects. The childhood trauma has negative effects on cognitive flexibility, attention, memory and speech function in patients with schizophrenia.However, the positive correlation between childhood trauma and executive conflict of attention network needs to be further verified and explored.