Theory of the spleen and stomach is an important component of TCM.In the article,the author introduced the principal knowledge of spleen and stomach in TCM,the recognition of AIDS in TCM,the application of theory of spleen and stomach in prevention and treatment for AIDS.It had important significance for theory of spleen and stomach in treating and preventing AIDS.

Objective To observe the effect of ketamine on apoptosis and synaptophysin expression in 7-day-old infant SD rat hippocampal neural cells. Methods Thirty SD rats of 7 days old were randomly assigned to receive the injection of 25 mg/kg ketamine (K_ 1 group)or 50 mg/kg (K_ 2 group) or 50 ml/kg normal saline (K_ 0 group). In 24 h after injecton, all rats were killed and the synaptophysin was tested by using immunhistochemistry and Western blotting, the apoptosis of neuronal cell by Tunel. Results In 24 h after injection of ketamine,the number of apoptotic neural cells increased,which of K_ 0 group was (5.3?1.7), K_ 1 group (9.5?4.2), K_ 2 group (23.4?7.6), and the grey values of synaptophysin by immunhistochemistry of K_ 0 group was (174.11?4.68), K_ 1 group (181.36?4.17), K_ 2 group (198.25?3.06), and the OD values of synaptophysin piece decreased, which of K_ 0 group (4 007?758), K_ 1 group (2 621?465), K_ 2 group (987?183). Conclusion In 24 h after treatment with ketamine, the expression of synaptophysin was decreased in hippocampl neural cells, the number of apoptotic neuronal cells were increased, which may be involved in neurotoxicity caused by ketamine.

[Objective]To explore the effect of combined acupuncture and medicine on learning--memory abilities,and free radical system of hippocampus in vascular dementia(VD)rats.[Methods]The 48 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control(1),VD model(2),VD plus removed olfactory bulb model(3)and XIU Three Needles(4),Eugenol(5),combined acupuncture and medicine(6)groups.Morris maze tests were conducted for valuating the learning and memory abilities.The contents of MDA,SOD and GSH-Px activity of hippocampus were detected.[Results]In comparison with group 1,the average escape latency and travel distance prolonged significantly in group 2.In comparison with group 2,it shortened remarkably in groups 4 and 5.No significant differences were found between groups 1 and 2.In comparison with group 6,it prolonged in groups 4 and 5.No significant differences were found between them.The MDA content of hippocampus in VD model group was higher than that of control group(P

Objective:To investigate the difference in expression of FasL and ICAM-1 in the tonsillar HEV associated with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and recurrent tonsillitis (RT).Methods:Human tonsils were obtained from the patients with RT (n=18) or IgAN (n=12).HE staining was used to show the morophometry of the tonsillar HEV.CD20+,CD3+ lymphocytes and distribution of FasL and ICAM-1 in the HEV were observed with immunohistochemical stained tissue section.The quantitatively experimental data from pathological image analysis were compared between IgAN and RT group.Results:(1)The expressing intensity of ICAM-1 was (0.435 5?0.002) in IgAN group and (0.239 5?0.010 4) in RT group,respectively (P0.05).Conclusion:A significant increase in the number of tonsillar HEV and increased lymphocytes in HEVs may indicate the abnormalities in peripheral blood in the patients with IgAN,thus leading to an overactivation of the tonsillar HEVs that induce Fas-dependent apoptosis in such patients.A stronger biological effective adhesion molecule promotes the transendothelial migration of lymphocytes across HEVs of palatine tonsil,which appears to be connected with the development of IgAN.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of health education on prevention of vaginitis among Guangzhou ’ s career women.Methods 479 career women with confirmed diagnosis of vaginitis in 2013 were cured and followed up for 1 year.Pa-tient were divided into Control Group (n=202) and Observation Group (n=277) according to whether accompanied the health edu-cation on prevention of vagnnitis.The recurrence rate of vaginitis during the 1 -year follow -up was compared between the two groups.Results In Control Group, 192 patients (95.05%) finished the follow -up, and in Observation Group, 260 patients (93.86%) finished the follow-up, there was not statistical difference in accomplishment ratio of follow -up (p>0.05).The recur-rence of rate of vaginitis was statistical higher in Control Group (72/192, 37.50%) than that in Observation Group (64/260, 24.62%) (P<0.05).Conclusion Health education could reduce the recurrence rate of vaginitis significantly.

Skeletal muscle has high regenerative capability. It is able to regenerate completely after acute traumatic damage, while the repairing process often accompanied by fibrosis in the chronic degenerative conditions such as muscular dystrophy and repeated muscle fiber damage. Through in-depth study on the mechanisms of skeletal muscle fibrosis in the past decade, it has been found that a variety of cells and regulatory molecules involved in the process, especially muscle satellite cells-derived myofibroblasts, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and other fibrosis promoting growth factors. This review focused on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the skeletal muscle fibrosis and relevant antagonistic strategies.

Objective To research the mechanism or pathway through which Substance P(SP) inhibits r-aminobutyric acid(GABA) activated currents in bullfrog dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons.Method The experiment was conducted on freshly isolated bullfrog dorsal root ganglion neurons using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique.Results SP could caused a slow inward current when SP was applied to DRG neurons;SP could inhibits GABA-activated currents;The inhibition could be reduced largely when protein kinase C(PKC) inhibiter,1-(5-isoquinolinesulphorry)-2-methylpiperazine(H-7), was dialyzed in cell body.Conclusion The SP ton inhibit GABA-activated currents through protein kinase C.

Objective To explore the variation of E-index and M-index of rabbits with acute pulmonary embolism (APE) under the status of pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Methods Rabbit models of APE with PHT were established. A series of parameters [including peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (EM), peak late diastolic mitral inflow velocity (AM) and so on] were obtained with routine echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI);and then E-index, M-index were calculated. The parameters before and after APE were compared. Results Twenty-three rabbit models with APE were successfully established, but 3 with atrial fibrillation were excluded. After APE, pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly, EM decreased observably, whereas right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVMPI) increased more evidently than left ventricular myocardial performance index (LVMPI) (P<0.01) did and E-index decreased and M-index increased remarkably. Conclusion Changes of E-index and M-index may provide reference for quantitative assessment of early APE.

Aim To study the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide(GLPP)on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)injured by reactive oxygen species(ROS),derived from tert-butylhydroperoxide(t-BOOH).Methods Vascular endothelial cells were obtained from infant umbilical cord for primary cultivation,identified by endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(CD31)by fluorescence microscope.HUVECs were injured by ROS,derived from t-BOOH.The survival rate of cells was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.Hoechst 33258 nucleus staining was used to observe the early apoptosis injury by ROS.And the activation of Caspase-3 was detected by spectrophotometry.Electron microscopy was used to show the morphological changes in HUVECs.Results GLPP(6.125,12.5,25,50,100 mg?L-1)could inhibit the apoptosis of HUVECs by ROS.The survival rate of HUVECs was increased by GLPP and the percentage of cell apoptosis was decreased by it too.GLPP decreased the activation of Caspase-3 of HUVECs up-regulated by ROS.Electron microscope showed that the organelle such as mitochondria injury by ROS could be relieved by GLPP.Conclusion GLPP can prevent human umbilical vein endothelial cells from oxidative injury.

Objective To explore the diagnosis ,treatment methods and clinical features of primary ureteral polyps.Methods Clinical data of 27 cases with primary ureteral polyps were analyzed retrospectively .The clinical features and treatment of this disease were analyzed .Results 7 cases were treated with polypectomy ,10 cases with basement fulguration by ureteroscopy operation or polyps-removing by ureter forceps ,4 cases with distal ureter resec-tion and termino-terminal anastomosis ,4 cases with lesions ureter resection and bilateral ureteric reimplantaion and 2 cases with nephrectomy due to nonfunctioning kidney .All cases were confirmed to be primary ureter polyp by pathology.All cases were followed up for 6-12 months with no recurrence and canceration ,only 1 case had ureteral stenosis.Conclusion Primary ureteral polyps is a benign disease with rare malignancy .The primary and effective treatment method is surgery which has few complications and good effect .