Objective To compare the efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopy plus minithoracotomy(VAMT) and limited axillary thoracotomy(LAT) for the treatment of lung cancer.Methods 85 consecutive lung cancer patients were treated by either VAMT or LAT.The operative time,blood loss during operation,postoperative chest drainage time,and hospital stay time and postoperative complication were compared between the two groups.Results There was no death in two groups.The operative time and blood loss during operation were significant less in VAMT than inLAT(t =6.514,2.413,all P ＜0.05).But postoperative chest drainage time,and hospital stay time and postoperative complication were no significant difference between the two groups (t =0.490,0.338,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion VAMT is a safe and less traumatic procedure in the treatment of lung cancer,which is worthy of promotion and application.

25% signified analgesic effect. Part II (the effect of agmatine on analgesic effect of morphine). Fifty-six animals with neuropathic pain were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 14 each) . Each group received NS or agmatine 20, 40 or 60 mg? kg-1 . 30 min later each group received either NS or morphine 1 mg?kg-1(n=7 each). PWT was measured and PMAP was calculated Part III (the effects of agmatine on the development of morphine tolerance). Morphine tolerance was incuced by morphine 10 mg?kg-1, 3 times a day for 5 days. Thirty-five animals with neuropathic pain were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 7 each): group A received NS: group B received NS + morphine; grouop C, D, E received agmatine 5, 10, 20 mg ? kg-1 + morphine 3 times a day for 5 days. PWT was measured on the 5th day and PMAP was calculated. Results PMAP of agmatine (40, 60 mg?kg-1 i.p.) and morphine (1 mg?kg-1 s.c.) were lower than 40% . Agmatine 60 mg?kg-1 increased the PMAP of morphine 1 mg?kg-1 to 84% compared with 34% for morphine alone (P

Objective:Mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can predict tumor response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, not all cases of NSCLC with EGFR mutations can respond well;thus, discovering the heterogeneity of NSCLC at the molecular level is necessary. This study aimed to determine the discrepancy in EGFR mutations in primary tumors, N2 lymph nodes, and plasma samples. Methods:Primary tumors, N2 lymph nodes, and plasma samples obtained from 49 patients with stageⅢA-N2 NSCLC were analyzed for EGFR mutations in exons 19 and 21 by using mutant-enriched liquidchip technology. Results:In 49 patients, we detected 18 (36.7%) EGFR mutations in primary tumors, 11 (22.4%) mutations in N2 lymph nodes, and 2 (4.1%) mutations in plasma samples. Eleven (22.4%) cases showed discordance in EGFR mutations between primary tu-mors and N2 lymph nodes. In nine cases, EGFR mutations were detected only in primary tumors, whereas EGFR mutations were de-tected only in N2 lymph nodes in two cases. In addition, EGFR mutations were detected in the plasma samples of two patients, who al-so carry mutations in their primary tumors. Conclusion:A considerable proportion of NSCLC cases showed discrepancy in EGFR muta-tions between primary tumors and N2 lymph nodes. In addition, the detection rate of EGFR mutations was lower in plasma samples obtained from patients with stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC. All of the results indicated tumor heterogeneity at the molecular level during metas-tasis, and this heterogeneity may have implications during treatment with TKIs.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of epipolythiodioxopiperazine compound C87 on tumor cell proliferation and explore the potential mechanisms. METHODS Tumor cells were exposed to C87 0.05-1 μmol.L-1 for 24, 48 and 72 h, cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and the half growth inhibition (Gl50 ) was calculated. After treatment with C87 0.1-2.5 μmol.L-1 for 6 h, or C87 2.5 μmol.L-1 for 0-6 h, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using the compound 2′,7′-dichlorofluoresceindiacetate and flow cytometry analysis. After treatment with C87 2.5 μmol.L-1 , either alone or with antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), for 6 h, the generation of ROS was measured by flow cytometry analysis. Tumor cells were exposed to C87 0.05-1 μmol.L-1 , either alone or with NAC, for 24 and 48 h, while cell viability was determined by SRB assay. RESULTS The cell viability was significantly reduced following exposure to C87 0.05-1 μmol.L-1 for 24, 48 and 72 h in a concentration-dependent manner in A549, HCT116, HeLa and SMMC7721 cells(P<0.05). At 72 h, the value of r2 was 0.946, 0.989, 0.973 and 0.984(P<0.05), respectively. The cell viability was significantly reduced following exposure to C87 1 μmol.L-1 for 24 - 72 h in a time-dependent manner in A549, HCT116, HeLa and SMMC7721 cells(P<0.05). The value of r2 was 0.983, 0.956, 0.951 and 0.873(P<0.05), respectively. The generation of ROS was increased after exposure to C87 0.25-2.5 μmol.L-1 in a concentration-dependent manner in HCT116 and HeLa cells for 6 h (r2 = 0.760, P = 0.045: r2 = 0.987, P=0.001), and after exposure to C87 2.5 μmol.L-1 in a time-dependent manner in HCT116 and HeLa cells for 0.5-6 h (r2 = 0.886, P = 0.017: r2 = 0.994, P = 0.000).The C87-induced ROS generation could be blocked by NAC in HCT116 and HeLa cells(P<0.05). The C87 induced cell death could be blocked by NAC 5 and 10 mmol.L-1 , and the Gl50 value was 1.446 and 1.134 μmol.L-1 for 24 h (the Gl50 value of C87 group was 0.513 μmol.L-1 ), and 0.882 and 1.166 μmol.L-1 for 48 h (the Gl50 value of C87 group was 0.333 μmol.L-1 ). CONCLUSION The novel epipolythiodioxopiperazine derivative C87 exerts potent antitumor activity in vitro, possibly via triggering ROS production.

Aim To investigate the effects of Y-IP5 on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization and CPP in mice.Methods Locomotor activity was detected after Y-IP5 administration or co-administration of Y-IP5 with morphine in mice.Mice were treated with morphine to induce behavioral sensitization. Then the effects of Y-IP5 on the development, transfer and expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization were investigated. Mice were treated with morphine to induce CPP. Then the effect of Y-IP5 on the acquisition of morphine-induced CPP was studied.Results Y-IP5 itself didn′t influence locomotor activity of mice.Co-administration of Y-IP5 with morphine inhibited morphine-induced hyperactivity (P<0.05) and the development of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice (P<0.05), however, did not influence the transfer and expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization.Co-administration of Y-IP5 with morphine also inhibited the acquisition of morphine-induced CPP (P<0.05).Conclusion Y-IP5 may inhibit the psychological dependence induced by morphine.

OBJECTIVE To establish a new cell line that can stably express humanα2A-adrenoceptor (α2A- AR). METHODS Recombinant plasmid of α2A- AR with hygromycin B (Hygro) resistance (pcDNA3.1/Hygro-HA-α2A-AR)was stably transfected into Chinese hamster ovary(CHO)cells which had expressed protein kinase A catalytic subunits(PKAcat) with labeling of enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)by a Lipofectamine based method. A single positive clone expressingα2A-AR was selected through cultivation in the presence of 200 mg · L-1 hygromycin B followed by PKA redistribution assay. The transcriptional expression ofα2A-AR was detected by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR). Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer immunoassay was used to identify the function of inhibiting cAMP accumulation of α2A-AR. RESULTS The CHO-PKAcat-α2A-AR cell line No.7 exhibited stable response in PKA redistribution assay. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the high expression ofα2A-AR in the cell line remained stable after a few generations compared with CHO-PKAcat-EGFP cells (P<0.01). The cAMP accumulation caused by forskolin was significantly inhibited by α2A-AR agonist in CHO-PKAcat-α2A-AR cells(P<0.01). CONCLUSION CHO-PKAcat-α2A-AR cell line is constructed successfully, which provides an effective model for drug screening and studies of mechanisms.

Objective:This study aimed to achieve the early diagnosis and active treatment of adult hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) and investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of this syndrome. Methods:A single-center retrospective analysis was performed to analyze clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and survival data. Results:In 58 patients, the most common clinical manifestations were fever (100%) and splenomegaly (89.7%). The most common laboratory parameters were serum ferritin 500 g/L (100%) and peripheral cytopenia in two or more lineages (96.6%). platelet count, fibrinogen, and lactate dehydrogenase in the death group were significantly lower than in the survival group (P=0.000, 0.001, and 0.000). Survival analysis results showed that infections in the rheu-matological group exhibited good prognosis [the overall survival (OS) time was not reached in 190 d]. Patients with unexplained causes had moderate prognosis (OS time was 60 d);tumor-associated HPS patients had poor prognosis (the OS time was only 30 d). Univariate analysis results showed that patients with Fbg<1.5 g/L, PLT<40×109/L, and LDH≥2000 U/L also exhibited poor prognosis (P=0.000). Multivariate analysis results showed that PLT<40 × 109/L was an independent adverse factor (HR=6.472, 95%CI:1.526-26.065, P=0.011). Conclusion:HPS exhibits complex clinical manifestations and varied etiology. Patients with infection and rheumatism-related HPS had good prognosiss compared with those manifesting tumor-associated HPS. Fbg<1.5 g/L, PLT<40×109/L, and LDH≥2 000 U/L were the univariate factors that affected the survival time of patients. PLT<40×109/L is an independent adverse factor. These patients need systemic treatments as early as possible.

Objective To investigate the correlation between TYMS gene mRNA expression level and EGFR mutation in stage Ⅲ A-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer tissue (NSCLC).Methods The branched DNA-liquidchip technology (bDNA-LCT) and mutant-enriched liquidchip (MEL) technology were used to detect the TYMS mRNA expression and EGFR mutations at exon 19 and 21 in NSCLC tissues from 30 patients with stages Ⅲ A-N2 NSCLC,and the results were analyzed.Results Among 30 cases,low TYMS mRNA expression was in 14 cases (46.7 ％),middle to low TYMS mRNA expression in 7 cases (23.3 ％),middle mRNA expression in 7 cases (23.3 ％),middle to high TYMS mRNA expression in 0 case and high TYMS mRNA expression in 2 cases (6.7％);12 cases of EGFR mutation were detected out with the mutation rate of 40.0％,including 6 cases of exon 19 deletion and 6 cases of exon 21 missense mutation.The TYMS mRNA expression level was correlated with the EGFR mutation.The EGFR mutation commonly occurred in the tumor tissue of the patients with TYMS mRNA low expression (Z=-2.604,P=0.009).Conclusion The TYMS mRNA expression in NSCLC tissue is correlated with the EGFR gene mutation,which can provide references for the drug selection aiming at the patients with different conditions.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic changes of type I collagen, and the activity of metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) after angioplasty.

METHODSThe restenotic model of iliac arteries of domestic microswine was established with hypercholesterol feed plus two angioplasties. Angioplastied vessels were harvested at the end of 1, 2, 3 and 6 months after the second angioplasty. Immunohistochemistry, transmission electronic microscopy and image quantitative analysis techniques were employed to study neointimal proliferation, the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and the expression of type I collagen, MMP-1 and TIMP-1.

RESULTSThe peak of vascular neointimal proliferation was at 3 months after angioplasty. The expression of type I collagen gradually increased from 1 to 6 months after angioplasty. For MMP-1, expression was lower in the early stage after angioplasty but increase to normal levels of control vessels at 6 months after angioplasty. Expression of TIMP-1 rapidly increased in the early phase after angioplasty, reached peak at 3 months and maintained the high level till 6 months after angioplasty. Meanwhile, the VSMC was predominantly the synthetic phenotype at the early stage and was transformed to the contractive phenotype at the late stage after angioplasty. The ratio of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 was positively related to the area of the neointima and the expression of type I collagen respectively (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONType I collagen increased gradually after angioplasty, which might be determined by the ratio of TIMP-1/MMP-1 and also related to the phenotype of VSMC.

Angioplasty ; Animals ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; metabolism ; surgery ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Iliac Artery ; surgery ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Swine, Miniature ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; metabolism

To report a case of cutaneous metaplastic synovial cyst. A 14-year-old male patient presented with a cystic mass on the forehead for more than 6 months. Histopathological findings revealed an intradermal cystic structure with multiple intraluminal broad band-like villiform protuberances, which was lined with a membrane resembling hyperplastic synovium and composed of a variety of cellular structures; some areas of the cystic wall were covered with fibrin-like hyaline connective tissues, and some areas were highly cellularized and lined with multiple layers of epithelioid cells and spindle cells. Immunohistochemical study revealed diffuse expression of vimentin and positive staining for the histocyte marker CD68, but negative staining for cytokeratin and smooth muscle actin in epithelioid cells and spindle cells. According to the clinical manifestations and histopathological findings, the diagnosis of cutaneous metaplastic synovial cyst was confirmed.