Objective:To study the correlation of tumor-associated macrophages infiltration , MMP-2 expression and angiogenesis in colon carcinoma by testing the MMP-2 through immunological methods ,and counting of macrophages and distributing of vessels in colonic adenocarcinoma at different differential degrees .Methods: Analyze the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs),and count blood capillaries in 79 patients with colon carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining ,detect the expression of MMP-2 in macrophages by immunological methods .Analyze the relationship among numbers of macrophages and vessels , clinical pathology and expression of MMP-2.Results: Macrophages in colon carcinoma were labeled to brown yellow by murine monoclonal antibody to human.The number of macrophages was markedly higher than normal group (F=412.04,P<0.05); Variance of macrophages number had statistical significance in differentiatial degrees and Duck ′s staging of colon carcinoma ( t=10.80 and F=412.04,P<0.05);variance of microvessel density(MVD) had statistical significance in Duck′s staging of colon carcinoma(t=7.35, P<0.05 ) ,MVD in colon carcinoma patients with lymphatic metastasis was higher than patients without lymphatic metastasis ( t=6.77 , P<0.05).Expression of MMP-2 in colon carcinoma showed strong positive.Expression of MMP-2 in patients with lymphatic metastasis was higher than patients without lymphatic metastasis ( t=10.91 , P<0.05 ) . There was a positive relationship among MMP-2 expression,number of tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs) and MVD(r=0.451,0.672,P<0.05,respectively).Conclusion:MMP-2 and TAMs correlated closely with the development of colon carcinoma .TAMs in colon carcinoma can promote the angiogenesis ,growth and metastasis of the tumor by up-regulating the expression of MMP-2.

Objective:To observe the expressions of Th22 cells and IL-22 in peripheral blood of patients with Lupus nephritis (LN) and explore its significance.Methods: Patients of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with no renal involvement (n=38),lupus nephritis (n=32) and healthy controls (n=10) were studied.Flow cytometry was utilized to quantify the percentage of Th22 cells in peripheral blood.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of serum IL-22.The Th22 cells and The serum level of IL-22 among three groups were compared,and the correlation between Th22,IL-22 and SLE disease activity index score (SLEDAI) was analyzed.Results: Th22 cells in SLE group and LN group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group (P<0.01).Serum IL-22 level was also significantly higher than that of healthy control group (P<0.01);Th22 and IL-22 LN group were slightly higher than that in SLE group,but the difference was not significant (P>0.05).The proportion of Th22 cells and the level of IL-22 in LN group were positively correlated with the disease activity score SLEDAI.Conclusion: Th22 cells and IL-22 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE and LN.

OBJECTIVE:To study the anti-infective effect of ceftriaxone in perioperative period METHODS:28 cases of cholelithiasis complicating infections who had to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in this study Ceftriaxone,1g,im,was injected 1h～1 5h before anesthesia,and blood and bile were sampled before,during and after operation The concentration of ceftriaxone was determined by UV-spectrophotometry RESULTS:The concentrations of ceftriaxone in blood before,during and after operation were(37 59?16 13)?g/ml,(49 68?10 51)?g/ml and (27 09?12 38)?g/ml respectively The drug concentration in blood peaked 2h after drug administration,at this time,the drug concentration of bile was 4 times that of blood (201 77?20 16)?g/ml CONCLUSION:The drug concentration in blood was 49 times as high as MIC,which indicates that ceftriaxone has preventive and therapeutic effects on possible infections during perioperative period

Objective: To evaluate the dietary quality of residents in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the basis for future health education and nutrition intervention programs. Methods: A stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to select residents aged 18 years and older in 6 counties (cities, districts) of Wenzhou City as the study subjects, “24-hour dietary review for 3 consecutive days” was adopted to collect dietary intake, and the diet balance index (DBI_16) scoring method was applied to evaluate the dietary quality. Results: This study analyzed the dietary quality of 406 residents in Wenzhou City, including 197 males (48.52%) and 209 females (51.48%). The majority of the residents were aged 18-44 years (254 residents, 62.56%). The median DBI total score was -31 (interquartile range, 8), and 404 residents had insufficient dietary intake, accounting for 99.51%. The median DBI positive score was 5 (interquartile range, 6), and 288 residents had appropriate dietary intake, accounting for 70.94%. The median DBI negative score was 37 (interquartile range, 6), and 210 residents had a high level of insufficient dietary intake, accounting for 51.72%. Five dietary patterns, namely A, B, C, E and F, were identified, with pattern B being the most dominant, accounting for 75.62% of the total (307 individuals). Patterns D, H, I and G were not observed. Conclusions The dietary quality of the residents surveyed indicates the existence of dietary imbalances, mainly manifesting as inadequate intake. It is recommended to strengthen nutritional and health guidance.

Objective To investigate health literacy before and after the medical intervention and its influencing factors so as to provide evidence for public health promotion.Methods Stratified multi-stage random sampling method was applied for residents aged 15-69 years from 8 urban or rural communities of Taishun County of Lucheng District.The comprehensive health literacy promotion and intervention was carried out,and a unified citizen health literacy questionnaire was designed.Residents' health literacy,the three aspects of health literature and five categories of health literacy issues levels were compared before and after the intervention,and Chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results The overall rate of having health literacy was 11.8％ and 16.3％ in 2012 and 2013,respectively (x2=7.20,P＜ 0.01).The rate of basic health concept and knowledge,health lifestyles and behaviors,and medical skills were significantly raised from 18.5％,9.4％ and 23.5％ to 28.0％,14.6％ and 33.5％,respectively (x2 values were 21.60,11.07 and 20.85,respectively; all P＜0.01).As to the five issues of health literacy,the level of the scientific healthy literacy,the chronic disease literacy,the literacy of infectious disease,the safety and first aid literacy and the basic health literacy were significantly inclined (52.4％ vs.40.4％,39.3％ vs.31.8％,27.8％ vs.22.4％,74.0 ％ vs.58.2％ and 41.9％ vs.33.8％,respectively; x2 values were 27.79,34.95,8.10,43.07 and 13.61,respectively; all P＜0.01).Conclusion Health education was helpful in the promotion of healthy literacy.Healthy lifestyles and behavior literacy and chronic disease prevention literacy should be important for the rural,elderly,low-education level and low-income populations.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC)and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)after percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention (PCI). Methods The level of VEGF before and after PCI in 50 cases with AMI were determined by fluorescence immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA),and the ratio of EPC in flood was checked by flow cytometry.Results The level of EPC was higher after PCI than before PCI [(4.15 ± 0.22)％ vs.(0.59 ±0.02) ％,P＜0.01],and there were positive correlations between EPC and number of coronary artery disease (r=0.45,P ＜ 0.05 ),coronary artery lesions ( r =0.76,P ＜ 0.01 ),left ventricular enddiastolic diameter (r=0.68,P＜0.01),ejection fraction (r=0.75,P＜0.01).The VEGF levels after PCI was increased [(506± 120)μg/L vs.(204±98)μg/L,P＜0.01],and its level was positively related with coronary lesions (r=0.66,P＜0.01),left ventricular ejection fraction(r=0.90,P＜0.01).There was association between rising rates of EPC and VEGF in a short time after PCI within 24 h period (r=0.56,P＜0.01). Conclusions The clinical efficacy and prognosis can be assessed by the changes of VEGF level and EPC ratio before and after PCI operation in AM1 patients.

A cross-sectional survey on two-way referral using self-report questionnaire was conducted in a sample of 1423 residents living in 4 communities in Caobeidian area, Chaoyang District and 4 communities in Dongcheng District from April to July 2009. Among the residents who responded the questionnaire, 19.7% (88/446) from Gaobeidian and 8.2% ( 80/977 ) from Dongcheng District were referred to hospitals in 2008. And 30.7 % (27/88) in Gaobeidian and 43.8% (35/80) in Dongcheng District referred to hospital based on their own decision rather than doctors' recommendation; 45. 5% (40/ 88) in Gaobeidian and 45. 0% (36/80) in Dongcheng District of referrals were officiary processed by health institutions. The survey also showed that 57.6% and 59.4% of the respondents from the two districts preferred to free referral between community health service centers and hospitals.

Objective To observe the effect of brain-derived microvesicles (BDMVs) on cytoskeleton in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods BDMVs were prepared in vitro and identified by transmission electron microscopy and particle size identification.HUVECs were co-cultured with PKH26-1abeled BDMVs for 0.5,1,and 2 h;flow cytometry was used to detect the phagocytosis of HUVECs for BDMVs at different time points.HUVECs cultured in vitro were divided into control group,BDMVs treatment group and nimodipine treatment group;cells in the BDMVs treatment group were given 1.5× 107/mL BDMVs;cells in the nimodipine treatment group were pretreated with 2 μg nimodipine (0.2 mg/mL) for 10 min,and then,given 1.5×107/mL BDMVs.After being stained with rhodamine-labeled phalloidin,the fluorescence intensity and number of stress fibers of fibroactin in HUVECs were observed by laser confocal microscopy.Results BDMVs had complete membrane structure with a diameter of 100-1000 nm under transmission electron microscopy.The proportion of cells phagocytizing BDMVs increased significantly with prolonged incubation time,enjoying significant differences (0.5h:22.7％±1.2％;1 h:52.3％±1.3％;2h:71.6％±1.9％,P＜0.05).Laser confocal microscopy showed that,as compared with the control group,the fluorescence intensity ofcytoskeletal protein was obviously increased and the number of stress fibers increased was obviously larger in the BDMVs treatment group.As compared with those in the BDMVs treatment group,the fluorescence intensity of cytoskeletal protein was decreased and the number of stress fibers was obviously smaller in the nimodipine group.Conclusion The role of BDMVs in phagocytosis of HUVECs becomes stronger as time being prolonged,and BDMVs phagocytosis leads to cytoskeletal remodeling,which can be partially blocked by nimodipine.

Objective To explore the effects of lung rehabilitation using Spiro-tiger training apparatus on the respiratory mechanics and airway remodeling in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in stable stage.Methods Ninety-three stable COPD patients admitted to Nanxiang Branch of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital were randomly divided into control group(46 cases)and observation group(47 cases).Control group was treated with the training for pursed lips breathing and abdominal breathing,and observation group was trained with Spiro-tiger training apparatus in addition to the treatment given to control group.Both groups were intervened continuously for 9 weeks.The two groups were compared in terms of respiratory mechanics(respiratory frequency,tidal volume,minute ventilation,and peak respiratory pressure),airway remodeling[matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)],and lung function[forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),and FEV1/FVC],blood gas analysis indexes[arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2)],6-minute walking distance(6MWD)and health status[Borg scale and St.George's respiratory questionnaire(SGRQ)].The patients were followed up for 6 months,and the incidence of acute exacerbation of COPD was recorded.Results After 9 weeks of intervention,compared with control group,observation group had lower peak respiratory frequency and respiratory pressure,and higher tidal volume(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in minute ventilation between two groups(P>0.05).The levels of MMP-9,VEGF,TGF-β1 and PaCO2 were lower,and FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC and PaO2 were higher in observation group than in control group(P<0.05).Observation group had longer 6MWD,and lower Borg score and SGRQ score as compared with control group(P<0.05).After 6-month follow-up,the incidence of COPD acute exacerbation in observation group was lower than that in control group(4.26%vs19.57%,P<0.05).Conclusion Lung rehabilitation using Spiro-tiger training apparatus can effectively improve respiratory mechanics,lung function,blood gas analysis indexes and health status in stable COPD patients,alleviate airway remodeling,and avoid acute exacerbation of COPD.

Objective To study the prevalence of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, and to analyze its influencing factors among high school students in Wenzhou. Methods:A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among a total of 3 785students from senior high schools and vocational high schools in Wenzhou from September to November in 2020, who were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Their demographic information and the use of tobacco [including the use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes (currently smoking and smoking attempt), and the dual use of them] were asked in the questionnaire of “Global Youth Tobacco Survey”(GYTS). Proportion and rate were used to describe their demographic characteristics and smoking prevalence. Chi-square test was used to compare the difference in smoking prevalence of the high school students with selected characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of tobacco use among the participants.Results:Among the 3 785 questionnaires, 3 740 were completed, and effective rate was 98.80%. The smoking attempt rate, current smoking rate, e-cigarette attempt rate, e-cigarette using rate, and dual using rate of the high school students in Wenzhou were 11.79% (441/3 740), 2.57% (96/3 740), 10.00% (374/3 740), 2.86% (107/3 740), 0.99% (37/3 740), respectively. Male students, vocational high school students, the students whose parents smoking showed higher smoking attempt rate, current smoking rate, e-cigarette attempt rate than female student, senior high school students and those parents who don′t smoke, respectively (all P<0.05). Best friend smoking [6.076 (2.872-12.855); 4.630 (2.656-8.071)], vocational high school [3.226 (1.877-5.546); 2.238 (1.432-3.496)] were risk factors for e-cigarette and the cigarettes use, belief that whether smoking or not does not make any difference in social activities [0.160 (0.077-0.331); 0.193 (0.096-0.387)], or smoking in social activities makes people more uncomfortable [0.037 (0.018-0.077); 0.155 (0.083-0.288)] were protective factors of e-cigarette and the cigarettes use. Additionally, passive smoking in past week [2.194 (1.129-4.262)], free tobacco products received [2.836 (1.018-7.905)], seeing smoking in campus [2.072 (1.111-3.863)] were all risk factors, while belief that smoking makes young people less attractive [0.280 (0.116-0.676)], not having been to tobacco retail outlets and unexposed to tobacco advertising or promotion [0.241 (0.123-0.473)] can protect senior middle school student away from cigarette. As to e-cigarette, boys were the risk factors [1.831 (1.100-3.050)]; as opposed to being a risk factor for cigarette use [1.942 (1.084-3.478)], rural area was a protective factor for e-cigarette use [0.639 (0.410-0.994)] among high school students in Wenzhou. Conclusions:High school students have relatively low rates of smoking cigarettes and e-cigarette in Wenzhou. Vocational students, best friend smoking are risk factors of e-cigarette and the cigarettes, beliefs that whether smoking or not does not make any difference or smoking makes people more uncomfortable in social activities are protective factors.