The physical feature of gallbladder is gallbladder qi dominating ascending, which has two meanings, one is gallbladder dominates ascending of Yang qi, and the other is gallbladder has the nature of dispersing stagnated qi.Gallbladder has the physical features of gallbladder qi dominating ascending and bile dominating decending. The opposite movement of ascending and descending conforms to Yin and Yang theory in Chinese medicine.

Military medical ethics is a famous theory abroad and have drawn controversy.We should enhance the study of the subject.Understanding the principle and the difficulties is the premise for the study of the theory.

Medical insurance system is good for fair distribution and disposition, dealing with relationships between social benefits and economic benefit, as well as fair implementation on both doctors and patients' intersets, so that it benefits medical moral fairness.

This paper was to discuss the case analysis method for teaching basic theory of TCM. First, it is found that case analysis can help improve learning interest of students and develop their abilities of thinking and analysis. Secondly, it can play a solid foundation for students to study the following professional basic courses and help them gain the interest of other courses, and understand the continuous knowledge of TCM. Finally, it benefited teachers to develop their ability of teaching and clinical practice.

This article introduced the recognitions of the ovigin and development of phlegm and fluid-retention by ancient Chinese and Japanese doctors,as well as the formation of phlegm,the idenfification,and the treatment based on syndrome differentiation.Chinese and Japanese doctors enriched the understanding of phlegm together with the therapeutic methods.

Objective: To analysis the finding of never conduction velocity(NCV) in patients with ALS and investigate the clinical significance of NCV. Methods: Keypoint was applied to estimate the NCV of median,ulnar,tibial,peroneal in 106patients with ALS and 123healthy volunteers,in which sunface electrodes was used for both stimulating and recording. Results: SCV of median and MCV of median,ulnar,peroneal in patient group was a significant difference as compared with the normal subjects;A significant difference was noted in all latency except sensory fiber of median.A significant differencence of compound muscle action potential amplitude of medial,ulnar,tibial was noted in two groups. Conclusion: NCV in patients with ALS could show abnormal slowing,so the valuation for differentiation of NCV is not so good as the clinical signs and the distribution of electromyographic abnormalities.

BACKGROUND: Effect of metabolic disorders after kidney transplantation on prognosis, especially new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT), has aroused concerns. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors for NODAT in renal transplant recipients, thus providing reference for identifying high-risk patients and taking active prevention measures. METHODS: Clinical data of 365 patients undergoing allograft renal transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. According to whether NODAT occurred or not, all the patients were assigned to NODAT (n=71) and non-NODAT (n=294) groups. The independent risk factors for NODAT were determined using univariate and non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cumulative incidence of NODAT in renal transplant recipients within year postoperatively was 19.45%. Non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 45 years old, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, family history of diabetes mellitus and acute rejection were associated with NODAT in renal transplant recipients. To conclude, the age, family history of diabetes mellitus, high body mass index and acute rejection can increase the incidence of NODAT in renal transplant recipients.

Objective To evaluate the utilization status of essential medicines at community health centers,and analyze problems existing in the stocking and application situation of such medicines,hence to provide references and suggestions for the implementation of the Essential Medicine System.Methods The investigation method was used to analyze the actual stocking situation of essential medicines at community health centers,and existing problems in implementing the Essential Medicine System.Results An average of 377 species of essential medicines were stocked by the community health institutions, accounting for 53.9% of Beijing Essential Medicine List,and average 61.6% of the total medicines in these institutions.There were insufficiencies existing both in the list and supplies of essential medicines. First-aid and low-price essential medicines are out of stock.Lack of confidence by some patients on the drug brands and their quality covered in the essential medicines.Conclusions The list and supplies of essential medicines could not meet the demand of patients at community health centers adequately.The method of evidence-based practice should be applied to each area in implementing of the Essential Medicine System.

The mentorship for young college instructorspolicy is aiming to provide an individual training for the young teachers to improve their teaching skills efficiently. In this article, the advantages for improving the young teachers teaching ability through the fundamental teaching, scientific research quality and clinical practice were briefly discussed.

Objective To study the changes and clinical significance of glutathione redox-state in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods Based on both with or without atherogenic risk factors and the result of coronary arteriography, 118 patients were calssified into three groups: control group( n =30) ,risk group(n =28) and CHD group (n =60). Venous blood sample was obtained, then the plasma reduced glutathione ( GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSC) were measured by using glutathione reductase recycling method. Redox potential(EhCSH/GSSG) was calculated using Nernst equation. According to clinical situation,CHD group was divided into two subgroups:un-stable angina pectoris( UAP) group(n = 32) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (n =28). Results From control group to risk group,then to CHD group,GSH gradually decreased,and there was significant difference between CHD group and control group (P < 0.05 ) , but GSSG and EhGSH/GSSG gradually increased, there was significant difference between CHD group and risk group and control group (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference be-tween the UAP subgroup and AMI subgroup in GSH,GSSG and EhGSH/GSSG(P >0.05). Conclusions Body's an-tioxidant capacity decreases and the oxidative stress exists in artherosclerosis, and furthermore there is a certain degree of relevance between oxidative stress and hyperlipoidemia,all these show that improving this situation may decelerate or prevent the formation and progress of artherosclerosis.