Objective To explore the medical characteristics of end of-life care in elderly inpatients for improving their quality life and distributing appropriately the end-of-life medical expenditure.Methods The historical cohort study was used to survey the characteristics of admission disease,diagnosis and treatment and hospitalization expenditure.The patients were divided into the elderly group (age 60 years and over,228 cases) and control group (age ＜60 years,156 cases).Results There was a statistically significant difference in the admission disease proportion between elderly group and control group (x2 =91.345,P ＜ 0.0001),but the malignant tumor proportion had no differences between the two groups (x2 =9.761,P=0.082); the operation proportion in elderly group (16 cases,7.0％) was lower than in control group (28 cases,17.9％) ; the hospital stay time was longer in elderly group (12.5 days) than in control group (5 days),and the salvage times of elderly group (3 times)was more than that of control group,but the usage of medical device had no differences between the two groups (x2 =0.029,P =0.864).The hospitalization expenditure,medicine expenditure,western medicine expenditure,traditional Chinese medicine expenditure,and medicine proportion were higher in elderly group (15356.0 yuan,6448.3 yuan,5070.0 yuan,895.5 yuan,40.2％,respectively) than in control group.Conclusions Most of the elderly patients with chronic diseases at the end of life have no indication of operation and rely on medicine to maintain life for a long time,and the end-of-life medical expenditure is higher.

Objective To establish an epidemic dynamics model of the transmission and prevention strategies of rotavirus infection in hospital.Methods Rotavirus SEIR model based on different isolation measures was constructed using epidemic dynamics method, the effectiveness of isolation measures was evaluated.Results Supposing that all patients were isolated, isolation measures were taken on the 3rd day of transmission, there were 4.3 cases of infection on the 5th day of transmission, peaked on the 7th day(n=6.4), until the 14th day of transmission, the number of infected persons fell to 3.4 cases.If isolation measures were taken on the 2nd day of transmission, the infected persons reached 4.0 on the 6th day, and reduced to 3.2 cases on the 8th day.If isolation measures were taken on the 1st day of transmission, the infected persons reached 2.4 at most, healthcare-associated infection would not occur.Early isolation can effectively prevent the outbreak of rotavirus infection, the later the isolation, the more the infection occurs and the longer the outbreak lasts.Conclusion Rotavirus infection can easily break out in hospital, early discovery and early isolation of rotavirus infected child is the effective measure to avoid rotavirus infection outbreak in hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the attitude of elementary and middle school students and their parents toward children affected by HIV/AIDS and to analyze the determinants of such attitude. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with the stratified cluster sampling method was conducted to interview elementary and middle school students and their parents, and questionnaires were distributed to collect information about the basic characteristics, HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude toward children affected by HIV/AIDS. Student's t-test, ANOVA and multilevel model were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: A total of 732 students and their parents finished the questionnaires. The students' and parents' awareness rates were 77.56% (95% CI: 63.08% - 92.05%)and 81.76% (95% CI: 72.33% - 91.20%), respectively. Questions with the lowest proportion of positive attitude included separating the children affected by HIV/AIDS and not studying with those children in the same class. Gender (b =-1.15, P =0.016) and knowledge (b =1.26, P <0.001) of students, as well as attitude (b =0.40, P <0.001) of parents were associated with the students' attitude, while parents' knowledge (b =0.93, P <0.001) was associated with parents' attitude. CONCLUSION Discrimination towards children affected by HIV/AIDS exists among students and their parents. HIV/AIDS knowledge education helps to improve the students' and parents' caring and supporting attitude toward children affected by HIV/AIDS.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; psychology ; transmission ; Adolescent ; Child ; China ; Female ; HIV Infections ; psychology ; transmission ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Parents ; psychology ; Sampling Studies ; Social Environment ; Students ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires