Metabotropie glutamate receptor (mGluR) 2/3 plays an important role on the nociceptive transmission from periphery to spinal cord.The previous studies demonstrated that mGluR2 can contribute to mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal hypersensitivity in rat.Therefore,in the present study,by using the immunofluorescenee histochemical technique,we try to explore that whether mGluR2 is colocalized with acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3),a muhi-modulator of mechanosensation,or transient receptor potential/vanilloid receptor subtype-1 (TRPV1),which responses for thermosensation in dorsal root ganglion (DRG).Morphological observations showed that mGluR2-immunoreactivity was mainly distributed in cellular plasma of neurons in DRG.The counting number results indicated that 35.84% of DRG neurons were mGluR2-immunoreactive (ir).On the other hand,82.61% of mGluR2-ir cells were the small-diameter neurons (diameter:＜30 μm),5.79% of which were the medium-diameter neurons (diameter:30-50μm) and 11.59% of which was the large-diameter neurons (diameter:＞50 tun).Furthermore,42.45% and 79.78% of mGiuR2-ir cells was individually co-localized with ASIC3-or TRPVI-ir in small-diameter neurons in the double-labeled immunofluorescence sections.The present results suggest that mGhiR2 mainly exists in small neurons of the DRG,which are regarded as nociceptors consisting of AS-and C-fibers.While mGluR2 is highly co-localized with ASIC3 and TRPV1,implying their potential relationship in DRG may be involved in mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal hypersensitivity.

BACKGROUND:Currently, the cement delivery device used in vertebral augmentation vertebral augmentation (vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty) has flat tips that cannot be bent. During surgery, we always choose injection cement by symmetric way to keep the balance of power on the biomechanics of the vertebral body, while the traditional cement delivery tube can only be used in ipsilateral vertebral body.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of curved vertebroplasty device for the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
METHODS: Sixty patients (72 vertebral bodies) with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were enroled, including 8 cases of double-level vertebral fractures and 2 cases of three-level vertebral fractures. Al operations applied curved delivery device in percutaneous vertebroplasty. We recorded operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and X-ray imaging data through prospective self control study. Treatment effect was evaluated with modified Oswestry disability index, Visual Analogue Scale scores and the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment. The patients were folowed up for 6 months to 2 years.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Surgery was performed successfuly on al 60 patients. The average operation time was 27 minutes (20-45 minutes) for 50 cases by unilateral transpedicular approach. (2) The mean amount of bone cement in every single vertebral of al 72 vertebrae was averagely 6.4 mL (4.2-9.5 mL). Bone cement distribution had not been found to be biased one-sided without severe leakage. (3) Visual Analogue Scale score and Oswestry disability index were significantly improved at 1 day after treatment (P < 0.05). During the final folow-up, no significant difference was detected as compared with 1 day postoperatively (P > 0.05). (4) The ratio of good quality of life in 1 month than postoperatively (87%) and in the last folow-up (92%) was significantly greater compared with the preoperative ratio (27%) (P < 0.05). (5) These findings confirmed that curved vertebroplasty device in unilateral pedicle puncture could ensure bilateral symmetric distribution of bone cement. Al patients are satisfied with treatment. It is proved to be a feasible simple and safe method.