Objective To explore whether the polymorphisms within the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) and TNF-? gene are associated with the clinical types of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods By using a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within TNF-? and TNF-? gene among 56 patients with chronic severe hepatitis B and 71 patients with chronic mild hepatitis B or asymptomatic carriers as well as 90 healthy controls were analyzed. The TNF-? concentration of serum in 56 patients with chronic severe hepatitis B and 30 healthy controls were determined by radio immunity assay (RIA). Results The frequencies of the TNF1/2 genotype and the TNF2 allele were significantly increased in patients with chronic severe hepatitis compared with healthy controls (25% vs 11.1%,P=0.028;12.5% vs 5.6%,P=0.036) and patients with chronic mild hepatitis B and asymptomatic carriers (25% vs 8.5%,P=0.011;12.5% vs 4.2%,P=0.015). Furthermore, heterozygotes carrying TNF2 allele had significantly higher levels of serum TNF-? than homozygotes for the wild type allele among all patients with chronic severe hepatitis B (P

Objective: To study clarifying for Naoqing Oral Liquid (Radix Puerariae, Radix Astragali, etc.) with chitin instead of ethanol. Methods: By studying precipitation effect of two clarification methods, in the meantime, studying the influence of different concentration of chitin on the clarification effect of Naoqing Oral Liquid. Results: Chitin had the more effective components than ethanol, and assured the stability of the preparation and shortened production period of the preparation. Conclusion: Chitin can clarify Naoqing Oral Liquid instead of ethanol.

OBJECTIVETo determine the contents of tiliroside [kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-(6 " -p-coumaroyl) glucopyranoside] in the Daphne genkwa.

METHODThe separation was performed on ZORBAX XDB C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), using acetonitrile and water/acetic acid mixture (1,000/1) (gradient elution: 0-18 min, 26 : 74; 18-33 min, 80 : 20) as mobile phase with the rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1) at 25 degrees C, the wavelength for measurement was 310 nm.

RESULTThe linearity was in the range of 0.1-5.0 microg (n=6), and the correlation coefficient was 0.9999. The average recovery for compound tiliroside was 101.50% (RSD 0.90%) (n=6).

CONCLUSIONThis method is accurate, reliable and reproducible to determine tiliroside in the D. genkwa.

Acetonitriles ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Daphne ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; Oils, Volatile ; pharmacology ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

Objective:To describe the application of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) augmentation of cement-injectable cannulated pedicle screws for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis with osteoporosis.Methods: Retrospective cohort study was used to compare cement injectable cannulated pedicle screws (CICPs) group with PMMA augmentation and control group with traditional method in the correction surgery for Lenke-silva level Ⅲ and level Ⅳ degenerative scoliosis cases with osteoporosis.Both groups were followed up for 1 year.The clinical results were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) of pain on lumbar and lower limbers,Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D) score.The coronal major curve Cobb angel in coronal plane and thoracic kyphosis Cobb angle,lumbar lordosis Cobb angle and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) in sagittal plane were tested in whole long spine X ray.The fusion rates were evaluated by lumbar X ray and dynamic X ray.Results: In this study 34 cases were enrolled,15 cases in CICPs group and 19 cases in control group.The general characteristics including age,gender,weight,height,BMI and BMD were without statistical difference between the two groups.There were (5.7±2.2)PMMA augmentation screws in CICPs group.The operation time,blood loss and blood transfusion were higher in CICPs group than in control group,but without statistical difference.Lumbar VAS,lower limbers VAS,ODI score and EQ-5D were all better in 1 month post-operation,6 months postoperation and 1 year postoperation than in preoperation in both groups.lumbar VAS scores of CICPs group in 6 months postoperation(CICPs group 3.1±1.3 vs.control group 4.4±1.4,P<0.01) together with lumbar VAS scores (CICPs group 3.3±1.0 vs.control group 5.2±1.4,P<0.01),ODI scores (CICPs group 22.7±17.2 vs.control group 31.4±18.5,P<0.01) and EQ-5D in 1 year postoperation (CICPs group 2.9±2.0 vs.control group 3.5±2.5,P<0.01)were lower than those of control group.The coronal major curve Cobb angels were all lower in 1 month postoperation,6 months postoperation and 1 year postoperation than in preoperation in both groups;thoracic kyphosis Cobb angle and lumbar lordosis Cobb angle were all higher in 1 month postoperation,6 months postoperation and 1 year postoperation than in preoperation in both groups.The coronal major curve Cobb angel was lower in CICPs group than that in control group in 1 year postoperation (CICPs group 17.6°±6.9° vs.control group 21.2°±7.2°,P<0.01)and thoracic kyphosis Cobb angle was higher in CICPs group than that in control group in 6 months postoperation (CICPs group-33.5°±8.8 °vs.control group-28.9°±8.3°,P<0.01)and 1 year postoperation(CICPs group-33.0°±8.1° vs.control group-26.3°±7.4°,P<0.01) together with lumbar lordosis Cobb angle were higher in CICPs group than that in control group in 1 year postoperation(CICPs group 26.4°±8.1° vs.control group 22.1°±7.3°,P<0.01).Conclusion: Polymethylmethacrylate augmentation of bone cement-injectable cannulated pedicle screws for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis with osteoporosis was effective and safe,the short-term clinical result was good.