BACKGROUND:Titanium implants are widely used in clinical practice because of their high strength and good biocompatibility.However,during implantation,bacterial infection and tissue damage environment produce a large number of reactive oxygen species,which can easily lead to delayed tissue healing and surgical failure.Consequently,the development of titanium implants with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties becomes paramount. OBJECTIVE:Considering the potent antimicrobial attributes of copper ions and the remarkable antioxidant qualities of polyphenols,we proposed the fabrication of polyphenol-mediated copper ion coatings on titanium surfaces.These coatings were subsequently assessed for their in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. METHODS:Nanostructures were generated on the titanium surface using the alkali thermal method.The titanium was immersed in a solution containing tannic acid and copper ions to achieve polyphenol-mediated copper ion coatings.The surface morphology and water contact angle were detected.The loading and release of copper ions were examined using atomic absorption spectroscopy.Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated on the surface of pure titanium sheet(blank group),alkali heat treated titanium sheet(control group),and polyphenol mediated copper ion modified titanium sheet(experimental group)to observe the bacterial survival status.Osteoblast precursor cells MC3T3-E1 were co-cultivated on the surface of three groups of titanium sheets to assess their antioxidant properties and bioactivity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscopy showed that the polyphenol-mediated copper ion modified titanium sheet had rod-like nanostructures and no cracks on the surface.The surface hydrophilicity of copper ion modified titanium sheet mediated by polyphenol was close to that of pure titanium sheet.Atomic absorption spectrometry results showed a 51%increase in the loading capacity of copper ions after polyphenol mediation,with a uniform release of copper ions.(2)The antibacterial rates of titanium sheets in the blank group,control group,and experimental group were 0%,21.65%,and 93.75%,respectively.The live/dead staining and CTC staining showed that the live bacteria on the surface of titanium plates in the blank group were the most,and the live bacteria on the surface of titanium plates in the experimental group were the least.(3)The results of live/dead staining and CCK-8 assay showed that the three groups of titanium sheets had good cytocompatibility,and the titanium sheets in the experimental group were more conducive to the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.Active oxygen fluorescence probe detection exhibited that compared with the other two groups,the fluorescence intensity of active oxygen on the surface of the experimental group was significantly reduced.The results of alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red S staining showed that the osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells on the surface of titanium sheets in the experimental group were stronger than those in the other two groups.(4)These results show that the polyphenol-mediated copper ion coating has strong antibacterial and antioxidant properties and promotes osteogenic differentiation.

Objective:To develop a laparoscopic surgery flushing waste liquid collection device,to collect a large amount of waste liquid generated when flushing fluid was used in urological laparoscopic surgery.Methods:The structure of the laparoscopic surgical flushing waste collection device was composed of a lifting mechanism,a liquid waste collector and a liquid waste discharger.The height of the waste liquid collector can be adjusted by changing the height of the lifting mechanism to suit the body position of the patient and the needs of the surgeon.The waste liquid generated during the operation can be led to the waste liquid collection tank through the collection trough,and then the waste liquid is discharged to the non-operative area container through the discharge tube.A total of 80 patients who underwent transurethral resection of prostate in the operating room of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from June 2022 to December 2022 were selected and divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.In the observation group,a brain protective film with an open bottom was used to collect the waste fluid and specimens in combination with the laparoscopic surgical flushing waste collection device.In the control group,samples were collected by knotting and perforating the lower end of brain protective membrane and waste fluid was collected by ordinary bucket.The incidence of intraoperative flushing fluid contamination of the ground environment and the time taken for waste fluid to be drawn out of the surgical area were compared between the two groups,and the intraoperative specimen collection rate was calculated.Results:The total incidence of overflow of flushing waste fluid and contamination of the ground environment in the observation group was 7.5%,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(27.5%),the difference was statistically significant(x2=6.135,P<0.05).The operation time of observation group was better than that of control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=7.966,P<0.001).The collection rate of surgical specimens in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(x2=6.135,P<0.05).Conclusion:The laparoscopic surgery waste liquid collection device can meet the requirements of surgical waste liquid collection,which simple to operate,time-saving and labor-saving,can reduce the environmental pollution of the surgical ground,and improve the collection rate of surgical specimens.

Objective:To compare the effects of two methods of marking surface landmarks on the patient’s positional stability when using a multifunctional body board in combination with thermoplastics to fix the abdominal and pelvic areas for radiotherapy patients.Methods:50 subjects who underwent positional fixation using a multifunctional body board in combination with thermoplastics from August 2022 to January 2023. The subjects were divided into two groups, A and B, with 25 cases each, according to the different methods of body surface marking. In group A, landmarks were marked on the body surface on the top edge of the thermoplastics. In group B, three sets of surface landmarks were marked on the patient’s body according to the laser line on the projection of the patient’s body surface when the thermoplastics were completed. Manual registration is performed using L3 to L5 as the main registration targets. The pre-treatment CBCT image is used to analyze the first-time positioning pass rate, setup errors in the x-, y-, and z-axis directions, and the distribution of positive and negative setup errors in both groups of patients. Results:The pass rates of the first-time positioning of patients in Groups A and B were 76.9% and 86.1%, respectively, which met the clinical requirements. Group B had a better first-time positioning pass rate than group A, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The pendulum errors of group B were smaller than those of group A in both the x-axis and y-axis (all P < 0.05), and the difference between the two groups in terms of the pendulum errors in the z-axis direction was not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). The difference in the frequency distribution of the pendulum error in the positive and negative directions of the x- and z-axis between the two groups was not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). The difference in the frequency of distribution of the pendulum error in the positive and negative directions of the y-axis between the two groups was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The proposed two methods of surface landmark marking are generally in line with the positioning requirements for conventional fractionation radiotherapy for abdominal and pelvic patients. Using a laser line on the projection of the patient’s body surface for three sets of surface landmark markings produces smaller setup errors and is better than using the top edge of the thermoplastics for surface landmark markings, improving the positional stability of abdominal and pelvic patients.

Objective:To investigate the radiation dose and fractionation regimens for limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) in Chinese radiation oncologists.Methods:Over 500 radiation oncologists were surveyed through questionnaire for radiation dose and fractionation regimens for LS-SCLC and 216 valid samples were collected for further analysis. All data were collected by online questionnaire designed by WJX software. Data collection and statistical analysis were performed by SPSS 25.0 statistical software. The differences in categorical variables among different groups were analyzed by Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Results:Among 216 participants, 94.9% preferred early concurrent chemoradiotherapy, 69.4% recommended conventional fractionation, 70.8% preferred a total dose of 60 Gy when delivering conventional radiotherapy and 78.7% recommended 45 Gy when administering hyperfractionated radiotherapy.Conclusions:Despite differences in LS-SCLC treatment plans, most of Chinese radiation oncologists prefer to choose 60 Gy conventional fractionated radiotherapy as the main treatment strategy for LS-SCLC patients. Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO), National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and Chinese Medical Association guidelines or expert consensus play a critical role in guiding treatment decision-making.

The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900468 The original version of this article (Liu et al., 2020) unfortunately contained some mistakes. 1. Figs. 7c and 7d in p.229 were incorrect. The upper left and bottom left pictures in Fig. 7c were accidentally duplicated with the pictures at the same position of Fig. 1a. The upper right and bottom right pictures were mistakenly placed in Fig. 7c. Therefore, the calculation results in Fig. 7d were also mistaken. The correct versions should be as follows: 2. Because of the wrong pictures of Fig. 7c, the calculated results of "42.5%" in Abstract, Sections 3.9 and 5 are also mistaken. The correct result should be "45.2%." (1) Lines 10-12 of Abstract in p.218: "CSO-ss-SA/siRNA could effectively transmit siRNA into tumor cells, reducing the expression of RAC1 protein by 38.2% and decreasing the number of tumor-induced invasion cells by 42.5%." was incorrect. The correct version should be "CSO-ss-SA/siRNA could effectively transmit siRNA into tumor cells, reducing the expression of RAC1 protein by 38.2% and decreasing the number of tumor-induced invasion cells by 45.2%." (2) Lines 23-26 of Section 3.9 in p.227: "It was shown that the number of invasive tumor cells induced by DOX was reduced by 42.5% since CSO-ss-SA/siRNA downregulated the expression of RAC1 protein." was incorrect. The correct version should be "It was shown that the number of invasive tumor cells induced by DOX was reduced by 45.2% since CSO-ss-SA/siRNA downregulated the expression of RAC1 protein." (3) Lines 4-8 of Section 5 in p.231: "CSO-ss-SA, as an efficient redox-sensitive carrier for delivering siRNA silencing RAC1 into tumor cells, reduced the expression of RAC1 by 38.2% and decreased DOX-induced tumor invasion cells by 42.5% in vitro." was incorrect. The correct version should be "CSO-ss-SA, as an efficient redox-sensitive carrier for delivering siRNA silencing RAC1 into tumor cells, reduced the expression of RAC1 by 38.2% and decreased DOX-induced tumor invasion cells by 45.2% in vitro."

Resource utilization is an effective way to cope with the rapid increase of kitchen waste and excess sludge, and volatile fatty acids produced by anaerobic fermentation is an important way of recycling organic waste. However, the single substrate limits the efficient production of volatile fatty acids. In recent years, volatile fatty acids produced by anaerobic co-fermentation using different substrates has been widely studied and applied. In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of fermentation to produce acid using kitchen waste and excess sludge alone or mixture. Influences of environmental factors and microbial community structure on the type and yield of volatile fatty acids in the anaerobic fermentation system are discussed in detail. Moreover, we propose future research directions, to provide a reference for recycling kitchen waste and excess sludge.
Anaerobiosis ; Bioreactors ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Fermentation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Microbiota ; Organic Chemicals ; Sewage

Objective:To explore the effect of extracorporeal shock wave combined with meloxicam tablets on joint function and serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and resistin levels in elderly patients with osteoarthritis.Methods:80 cases of elderly patients with osteoarthritis in Nanchong Central Hospital from May 2016 to March 2019 were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into two groups, 40 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional oral medicine (meloxicam + potassium glucosamine sulfate tablets), and the observation group was given meloxicam tablets combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy. The total effective rate, incidence of adverse reactions, and the scores of osteoarthritis symptoms (WOMCA), joint function (Lysholm), serum MMP-9 and resistin before and after 8 weeks' treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the WOMCA score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and Lysholm score was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the total effective rate of the observation group (95.00%) was higher than of the control group (77.50%) ( P<0.05); the serum resistin and MMP-9 levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group after treatment ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group (15.00%) and the control group (17.50%) ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Extracorporeal shock wave combined with meloxicam tablets in the treatment of elderly patients with osteoarthritis can significantly improve the clinical symptoms, promote the recovery of joint function, reduce the levels of serum resistin and MMP-9, and further improve the treatment effect with high safety.

Objective To investigate the application of pulmonary ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods In this retrospective study, the clinical data of 5 infants, who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology in Wuhan Children's hospital from 31 th January to 25 th February 2020, were collected. Bedside pulmondary ultrasound was conducted on admission, during the hospitalization, and before discharge, and the result were compared with the chest X-ray or CT done at the same time. Results Among the 5 cases who aged 1-18 days, 3 were male. The main clinical manifestations were respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. The pulmonary ultrasonography on admission showed abnormal pleural line and pulmonary edema of different severity in all 5 cases, presented as increase and fusion of B-line, and pulmonary interstitial syndrome; among them, one case also had a small-range consolidation. The chest CT on admission showed no obvious parenchymal infiltration in 2 cases, small strip or patchy high-density shadow in 2 cases, and ground glass change in one case. The re-examination of ultrosound during the hospitalization and at discharge showed improvement in all cases and were consistent with the chest X-ray taken at the sametime. Conclusions The main changes on the pulmonary ultrasonography in neonates with COVID-19 pneumonia are increase and fusion of B-line, abnormal pleural line, and nalveolar interstitial syndrome, and may combined with small range of pulmonary consolidation. The sensitivity of pulmonary ultrasound is higher than chest X-ray and CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary edema, and could be used in monitoring and evaluation of the disease.

Objective To compare the Modified Early Warning Score(MEWS),blood glucose value score and the two scores combined with the ability to predict the prognosis of patients with acute complication of diabetes mellitus,and to explore the most suitable assessment tools. Methods 419 patients with acute complica-tions were collected in diabetic mellitus. To put the admission time as the inital observation point,MEWS score, blood glucose value score and MEWS combined with blood glucose value were assessed and compared between the time point of admission and discharge by ROC curve.Results Using death as a prediction index,MEWS score of subjects operating characteristic area under the curve of AUCROC was 0.875 and the optimal cut-off value of was over 4 in the sensitivity of 78.43%,specificity of 85.60%,the positive predictive valueof 43.01% and the negative predictive value of 96.63% independently. The average score of blood glucose area under ROC curve AUCROC was 0.681 and the optimal cut-off value was 2 in the sensitivity of 50.98%,the specificity of 85.33% the positive predictive value of 73.4% and negative predictive value of 67.5% respectively. Two scores combined with area under ROC curve AUCROCwas 0.982,and the optimal cut-off value was over 7 in the sensitivity of 94.12%,the specificity of 95.65%,the positive predictive value of 75% and the negative predictive value of 99.15% individually. Conclusion For predicting the prognosis of patients with acute complications of diabetes,the combined scores are better than the pure MEWS score and blood glucose value.It is worth of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the positive expression of ATP binding cassette transporter protein F2 (ABCF2) in ovarian cancer tissue and its relationship with chemotherapy resistance.Methods 91 patients with ovarian cancer specimens were selected and 42 cases from the tumor 5cm adjacent tissues as normal controls, ABCF2 expression in each sample was detected by immunohistochemical staining , the relationship between ABCF2 expression and clinicopathological features of patients with ovarian cancer were analyzed .Results The positive expression rate of ABCF2 in ovarian cancer tissue was 68.13%, which was significantly higher than that in normal ovarian tissue (9.52%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The positive expression of ABCF2 was not related to the age and organization type of ovarian cancer patients.The positive expression rate of ABCF2 in stage III~IV was 86.54%, which was significantly higher than that of phase I~II (43.59%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The positive expression rate of ABCF2 in patients with chemotherapy resistance was 88.89%, which was significantly higher than that in patients with chemotherapy sensitivity ( 59.38%) , and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 ) .The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that ABCF2 positive expression was the independent influencing factor of ovarian cancer drug resistance (OR =4.586,95% CI:1.121 ~3.392,P<0.05). Conclusion ABCF2 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer, which may be associated with chemotherapy resistance in patients with ovarian cancer .