BACKGROUND:The electrospinning technique has been used to prepare biological scaffolds to simulate nano-fiber structure of extracelular matrix; therefore, widespread attention has been paid to the electrospinning technique in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To review the articles about increasing electrospun nanofiber scaffold porosity, enlarging pore diameter, promoting cel infiltration with related technologies, in order to discover the most practical and economical technology. METHODS:The first author retrieved CNKI database, Wanfang database and PubMed with the keywords of “cel infiltration, 3D scaffold, electrospinning” in Chinese and English, respectively. Literature retrieval period was from January 2004 to October 2014. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Electrospinning technology is the most effective method for preparation of nanofiber scaffolds. Electrospinning scaffolds as tissue engineering scaffolds have become an issue of concern in the basic research year by year. However, the internal nano-scale pore of nanofiber scaffolds limits the cels to grow on the surface, so recent research has been focused on highly porous three-dimensional structure which can promote the permeable growth of cels instead of two-dimensional scaffolds. Several techniques have been used, which go from the adjustment of materials and speed of electrospinning to the applications of various kinds of complicated machines. However, the existing researches are stil not mature and stable, the majority of which are applied onlyin vitro as cel implantation or subcutaneous implantation in smal animals. The above-mentioned methods stil need long-term comparative studies to confirm the feasibility in the tissue-engineered repair of organs.

Objective:To analyze locoregional recurrence (LRR) pattern of patients with pT 1-2N 1 breast cancer after modified radical mastectomy, with and without adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). Methods:A total of 5442 eligible patients with breast cancer from 12 Chinese centers were included. The LRR sites and the effect of RT at different sites on recurrence in patients with and without RT were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative LRR rate, and the difference was compared by the log-rank test.Results:With a median follow-up time of 63.8 months for the entire cohort, 395 patients developed LRR. The chest wall and supraclavicular fossa were the most common LRR sites, regardless of RT or molecular subtypes. The 5-year chest wall recurrence rates for patients with and without chest wall irradiation were 2.5% and 3.8%( P=0.003); the 5-year supraclavicular lymph nodal recurrence rates for patients with and without supraclavicular fossa irradiation were 1.3% and 4.1%( P<0.001); the 5-year axillary recurrence-free rates for patients with and without axillary irradiation were 0.8% and 1.5%( HR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.04-2.23, P=0.219); and the 5-year internal mammary nodal recurrence-free rates for patients with and without internal mammary nodal irradiation were 0.8% and 1.5%( HR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.11-1.90, P=0.268). Conclusions:The chest wall and supraclavicular fossa are the most common LRR sites of patients with pT 1-2N 1 breast cancer after modified radical mastectomy, which is not affected by adjuvant RT or molecular subtypes. The chest wall and supraclavicular fossa irradiation significantly reduce the risk of recurrence in the corresponding area. However, axillary and internal mammary nodal irradiation has no impact on the risk of recurrence in the corresponding area.