Objective To compare the efficacy of balloon dilation and YAG laser endouretertomy in treatment of secondary ureteric stricture . Methods 32 patients with secondary ureteral stricture were randomly divided into balloon dilatation group and holmium laser cut group, 16 cases in each, respectively. The two kinds of treatment efficacy was compared after two years postoperative follow-up. Results The clinical results of the two groups showed no statistical differences at the third, sixth and twelfth month follow-up (P > 0.05), and there were no statistical differences in the overall effective rates (P > 0.05). The clinical results of the two groups showed no statistical difference at the twenty-fourth month follow-up (P < 0.05), and the overall effective rates had statistical difference (P < 0.05). Conclusions Balloon dilation and YAG laser endouretertomy in treatment of secondary ureteral stricture have the same short-term clinical effects. But the middle-term efficacy of YAG laser endouretertomy is superior to that of balloon dilation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, and its mortality ranks fourth in global malignant tumors. Early diagnosis of HCC has an important impact on the survival rate of patients. Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) is closely related to the occurrence and development of HCC. It can be secreted and transferred to recipient cells through the corresponding target genes, and play a role of regulating cancer progression. Exosomal miRNAs have great differences in the expression of HCC patients and in vitro cell lines, and it has the advantages of high content, specificity and stability relative to circulating miRNAs. It not only can better distinguish between HCC and healthy patients, but also can be further differentiated from hepatitis or cirrhosis, and it also has certain value in the diagnosis of recurrent HCC.