Radiosensitizer as a promising novel anti-tumor medicine has synergetic effects with radiotherapy,and can enhance the kill rate of tumor cells and radiotherapy effect.In recent years,due to the new theory and technology,the researches of radiosensitizer extend to different fields,from the traditional DNA target sensitizer to new radiosensitizer including nano-particles.Consequently,radiosensitizer combined with radiotherapy will become a new and effective treatment strategy for esophageal carcinoma to enhance the therapeutic effect of esophageal carcinoma.