The genus Salvia in the family Lamiaceae with nearly 1 000 species, is widespread in temperate and tropical regions around the world. Many species of genus Salvia are important medicinal plants with a long history of which Danshen (the dried roots and rhizomes of S. miltiorrhiza) is one of the most popular herbal traditional medicines in Asian countries. The chemical constituents from Salvia plants mainly contain sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, steroids and polyphenols etc, which exhibit antibacterial, antidermatophytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, antiplatelet aggregation activities and so on. In this article, the development of new constituents and their biological activities of Salvia genus in the past five years were reviewed and summarized for its further development and utilization.
Diterpenes ; isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Salvia ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; isolation & purification

Objective To test the hypothesis that attachment of synovial cell to &?2-microglobulin modified with advanced glycation end products (ACE-?2m) would affect cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation.Methods Normal human synovial cells (type B cells) were isolated and plated in culture dishes coated with AGE-?2m or with normal extracellular matrix proteins (EMP). Adhesion was analyzed by counting the isotope-labelled cells. Spreading was tested using a light microscope and proliferation determined by 3H-TdR incorporation and counting the number of cells. Results Synovial cells adhered less effectively to AGE-?2m, ?2m and AGE-collagen than to the normal EMP (collagen and fibronectin). Cells interacting with AGE-?2m, ?2m or AGE-collagen also demonstrated less extensive spreading throughout the examined time intervals (60-120 minutes after plating), and decreased 3H-TdR incorporation and cell numbers after 72 hours of plating when compared to cells interacting with normal EMP. Conchusion AGE-?2m in amyloid may alter synovial cell behavior in situ in ways which cods contribute to the development of dialysis-related amyloidodsis(DRA).

Objective To determine serum leptin levels and investigate its relatio nship with liver function, insulin resistance and nutritional parameters in pati ents with post-hepatitis liver cirrhosis. Methods Thirty-two ma le patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis and fourteen male control subjects were enrolled in thi s study. Fasting blood samples were obtained, and serum leptin levels, fasting g lucose and insulin levels were determined in all subjects, and nutritional param e ters were determined in cirrhosis patients. The cirrhosis patients were divided into three groups according to Child-Pugh classification. Results Serum leptin l evels in male hepatic cirrhosis were significantly higher than those of healthy control. There was no significant difference in serum leptin levels among the th ree groups of patients with cirrhosis according to Child-Pugh classification. Se rum insulin levels in male cirrhosis were significantly higher than that of heal thy control. The insulin sensitivity index in cirrhotic patients was decreased c ompared with normal control group. Serum leptin levels in liver cirrhosis were s ignificantly correlated with BMI, TSF and fasting insulin levels, respectively ( r=0.343, 0.340 and 0.352, P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the activity of nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH ) oxidase in peripheral blood mononuclear cell and left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods Fifty-two patients with AMI hospitalized from December 2010 to June 2011 were selected as AMI group,and 25 patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia hospitalized in the same period were selected as control group.All patients were examined by Doppler echocardiography and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated.Fasting blood was drawn on the second day after hospitalization to measure the level of biochemical indexes,malondialdehyde(MDA ) and the activity of NADPH oxidase.The correlation of the level of MDA,the activity of NADPH oxidase and LVMI was analyzed.Results The level of MDA in AMI group was significantly higher than that in control group [(6.14 ±t 2.80) μ mol/L vs(2.95 ± 1.82) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.01 ].The levd of O2- in AMI group was also obviously higher than that in control group [(21.61 ± 10.66) RLU/mg protein vs.( 7.12 ± 4.48 ) RLU/mg protein,P ＜ 0.01 ],as well as the activity of NADPH oxidase [ ( 2.84 ± 1.05 ) RLU/mgprotein vs.( 1.97 ± 0.80) RLU/mg protein,P ＜ 0.01].Positive correlation was found between LVMI and the level of MDA(r =0.57,P ＜ 0.01 ),as well as between LVMI and the activity of NADPH oxidase(r =0.71,P＜0.01 ).Conclusions The activity of NADPH oxidase in peripheral blood mononuclear cell inereases in AMI patients and plays an important role in left ventricular remodeling after AMI.

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of blood glucose,blood pressure and blood uric acid level on hematuria in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsOne hundred and sixty-two ACS patients were selected and received standardized treatment after admission to hospital.Urine test was taken and patients were divided into no hematuria group(37 cases),microscopic hematuria group (56 cases) and gross hematuria group(69 cases) according to the results.Blood pressure,fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin and blood uric acid level were measured and compared among three groups.ResultsMicroscopic hematuria group compared with no hematuria group,fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,systolic blood pressure and blood uric acid level raised 58.0％[(7.9 ±0.7) mmol/L vs. (5.0 ± 1.1) mmol/L],33.3％[(12.4 ±0.8) mmol/L vs.(9.3 ± 0.6 ) mmol/L ],48.2％ [ ( 8.3 ± 0.8 )％ vs.( 5.6 ± 0.5 )％ ],23.8％ [ ( 151.6 ± 7.0) mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(122.5 ±9.9) mm Hg],29.2％ [(635.4 ±47.4) μmol/L vs.(491.8 ±83.4)μmol/L]respectively,there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).Gross hematuria group compared with microscopic hematuria group,the above mentioned indexes raised 16.5％[ (9.2 ± 1.1 ) mmol/L vs.(7.9 ± 0.7)mmol/L],30.6％[ ( 16.2 ± 1.8) mmol/L vs.( 12.4 ± 0.8) mmol/L],14.5％[ (9.5 ± 0.8)％ vs.(8.3 ± 0.8)％ ],18.8％[(180.1 ± 12.3) mm Hg vs.(151.6 ±7.0) mm Hg],34.6％[(855.5 ±74.5) μ mol/L vs.(635.4 ±47.4 ) μ mol/L ] respectively,there were significant differences ( P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).Gross hematuria group compared with no hematuria group,the above mentioned indexes increased significantly(P＜ 0.01 ).The level of diastolic blood pressureamong three groups had no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).The Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (r =3.175,P =0.001 ;r =0.906,P =0.001 ),glycated hemoglobin ( r =16.109,P =0.001 ),systolic blood pressure (r =0.429,P =0.003 ),blood uric acid level(r =1.317,P =0.004) were risk factors on hematuria after antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in ACS patients,the impact of glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose on hematuria was stronger than that of blood uric acid level and systolic blood pressure.ConclusionWith the increase of blood glucose,systolic blood pressure,blood uric acid,the risk of hematuria increases in ACS patients.

Objective To investigate the Influence of FOXC1 downregulating on biological behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) 5-8F cell lines. Methods Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of FOXC1 in human immortalized nasopharyngeal cell lines NP69, nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines 6-10B with lower metastasis potential and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines 5-8F with higher metastasis potential. siRNA was used to downregulate the expression of FOXC1 in 5-8F cell lines, and then ability of migration and invasion were observed. Results FOXC1 protein expression level in NP69 cell lines, 6-10B cell lines and 5-8F cell lines were (0.27 ± 0.04), (0.7 ± 20.06), (1.08 ± 0.05) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Also ability of cell migration and invasion significantly weakened after FOXC1 depletion in 5-8F cell lines (P < 0.05). Conclusion FOXC1 might regulate invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through changing expression of Fibronectin and Vimentin, and FOXC1 may be an available target for molecular target therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background and purpose:Pain is one of the most common symptoms in advanced cancer patients, and morphine is a representative drug in controlling moderate to severe cancer-induced pain, but some unacceptable adverse effects limited its use in part of patients.We evaluated the effect and safety of morphine sulfate controlled-release tablet (MS-CRT) combined with celecoxib for the treatment of moderate to severe cancer pain, and assessed the life quality of patients. Methods:Retrospective analysis of 125 cancer patients with moderate to severe cancer pain who were divided into two groups, one(including 67 patients) was treated by single drug of MSCRT whose initial dosage was 20 mg/12 hrs, then evaluated by verbal rating scale within 24 to 48 hrs, dosage was adjusted personally according to the state of pain (increasing rate was 50% and declining rate was 25%) until the maintenance dosage was reached; the other(including 58 patients) was treated by MS-CRT with the same initial dosage and combined with celecoxib whose dosage was 200 mg/12 hrs at first, and increased to 400 mg/12 hrs if the pain was not relieved well, then gradually increased the dosage of MS-CRT to the maintenance dosage, and analyzed the effect, dose adjustment,side effect of drug combination and improvement of quality of life for the patients. Results:The mean of maintenance dosage for MS-CRT alone was 67.3 mg/day, and for the combination of MS-CRT and celecoxib was 51.3 mg/day, the reduction rate of MS-CRT in the drug combination group compared with MS-CRT alone was 23.77% with the same analgesia effect, and the incidence of side effects such as constipation and nausea/vomiting was statistically reduced compared with the single drug group. The quality of life in both groups was improved aftertreatment. Conclusion:The combination of MS-CRT and celecoxib can effectively control moderate to severe cancer pain, , improve the quality of life in advanced cancer patients, and reduce the consumption of MS-CRT with similar side effects as morphine alone.

AIM: To explore the effect and mechanism of endothelin receptor antagonist on local angiotensin system of hypertrophic myocardial tissue. METHODS: Twenty four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, control group (CG), hypertrophy group (HG) and endothelin receptor antagonist group (EG). The ratios of left ventricle weight to body weight (LVW/BW) and left ventricle weight to heart weight (LVW/HW) were measured to reflect myocardial hypertrophy. Protein expression of AT1R was detected by immunohistochemistry. The concentration of Ang Ⅱ was determined by ria. Activity of ACE was examined by spectrophotometry. A piece of myocardial tissue was observed in light microscope after HE or VG dyeing. RESULTS:(1) In comparison to CG, LVW/BW, LVW/HW, ACE activity, the concentration of Ang Ⅱ and the expression of AT1R of HG were increased significantly (P

PurposeTo perform a quality assurance program for Truebeam imaging system using MIMI phantom, and to evaluate the accuracy of the imaging system center with the radiation isocenter and the accuracy of couch shift.Materials and Methods The reference images of MIMI phantom were acquired using CT scanner. The reference images were imported into the treatment planning system and a simple plan was created. The MIMI phantom was placed on the treatment couch. The images were acquired using the MV/KV imaging system, and a match registration was performed with the reference images from the TPS.Results Measured over six months, the precision of the imager and linac's isocenter was <1 mm, and the couch shift accuracy was <1 mm. The measurements over six months demonstrate that isocenters of the MV/KV imaging systems on Truebeam system are stable.Conclusion The accuracy of the Truebeam imaging system center and couch shift is safe and reliable. The error of Truebeam imaging system center and couch shift can be tested on a monthly base.

Objective To explore the protective effect of 17β-estradiol on traumatic brain injury in rats.Methods A total of 45 adult male SD rats were divided into 3 groups using the random digit table, 15 rats in each group:the control group only exposed but not injured the brain, the injury group received traumatic brain injury ( TBI) by Feeney’ s method, and the treatment group received the same handling with injury group, and pretreatment with 17β-estradiol peritoneal injection, 1 mg/kg per day for one week.The other two groups were given the same volume of castor oil.At 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after injury, the brain tissue water content, malondialdehyde ( MDA) content and superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity were measured.Results At 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after injury, the levels of brain tissue water content in the injury group and treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05 ) .At 6 h after injury, the brain tissue water contents in the injury group and treatment group were ( 99.83 ±0.40 )% and ( 99.53 ±0.41 )%,respectively, with a non-significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).At 24 h and 48 h after injury, the brain tissue water contents in the injury group was ( 105.17 ±0.43 )% and ( 107.54 ±0.39 )%, in the treatment group was (103.26 ±0.42)%and (105.89 ±0.43)%, respectively, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05).At 6 h after injury, the levels of MDA in the injury group and treatment group increased and maintained at a higher level, and the levels of SOD decreased.Compared with the control group, there had a significant difference ( P<0.05 ) . The levels of MDA and SOD in the injury group and treatment group at 6 h after injury had a non-significant difference ( P>0.05).But at 24 h and 48 h after injury, the levels of MDA in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the injury group [(130.39 ±7.02) μmol/g vs.(149.41 ±8.25) μmol/g, (125.41 ±6.59) μmol/g vs.(157.72 ± 8.93) μmol/L] , and the levels of SOD in the treatment group were significantly higher than thoset in the injury group [(88.46 ±7.17) U/g vs.(80.10 ±4.87) U/mg, (97.31 ±7.89) U/g vs.(84.29 ±6.13) U/g], with a significant difference ( P<0.05 ) between the two groups.Conclusions 17β-estradiol has a protective effect on traumatic brain injury.