Objective To verify the flow field performance of the air dynamic wind tunnel. Methods The performance of the flow field was evaluated by testing the flow speed of sample-point on the sample-transect of the tunnel. Results Among the flow range of the tunnel, the relative deviations of the speeds of each sample-point on the sample-transect were less than 10%. When the flow rate was set, the relative deviations of the sample-transect average speed in different test period were less than 10%. The ratio of average wind velocity of upper reach to down reach of the tunnel was between 0.92 and 1.03. Conclusion The flow field of the air dynamic wind tunnel is even, stable and coincident.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of Ardisia crenata based on the content of total saponins and to provide a basis for the Ardisia crenata study. Methods Based on the results of the single-factor tests and the Box-Behnken central composite experimental design principles, a response surface methodology which has three factors and three levels was designed to optimize the extraction process of Ardisia crenata based on the content of saponins. Results A maximal extraction yield of total saponins reached 2. 29% under the optimal conditions as follows:70% alcohol was used as extraction solvent with the material to liquid ratio of 116, the extraction time was 3 h at 70 ℃. Conclusion The optimized extraction process is accurate, reliable and practically valuable.

OBJECTIVE To analyse the bacterial culture of aqueous vitreous as well as their sensitivity to antibiotics in intraocular foreign bodies(IOFB).METHODS Bacterial culture of aqueous vitreous as well as their sensitivity to antibiotics were taken at 32 cases(32 eyes) of IOFBs with in 24 hours.And the results were analyzed.RESULTS 21 cases with bacterial culture of aqueous vitreous were found to be positive with bacterial infection.Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently bacteria and identified in 15 cases,which accounted for 71.4% of these 21 cases.All the identified bacteria were sensitive to Ofloxacin,Ciprofloxacin and Cefoperazone,and partly sensitive to Gentamycin and Tobramycin.All of them were resistant to Chlororamphenicol and Rifapine.The occurrence of positive bacterial identification of unmetal foreign bodies were significantly higher than that of metal foreign bodies(?2=4.631,P=0.029).There was no significomt difference between.The location of penetrating eye trauma or lens rupture in the bacterial positive rate identification(?2=2.398,P=0.122;?2=0.327,P=0.568).CONCLUSIONS In patients with IOFB,the major bacteria entering into the eye was Staphylococcus epidermidis.As for prophylactic antibiotics,Quinolones and Cefoperazone can be used as the first line antibiotics.

The therapeutic response of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) differs among individuals.According to the changes of central retinal thickness,intraretinal fluid,subretinal fluid,best corrected visual acuity and other morphological or functional manifestations after treatment,the performance of the treated eyes can be classified as optimal response,poor response and non-response.A variety of factors could account for poor or non-response to anti-VEGF,such as genomic polymorphism and specific genomic risk alleles,lesion characteristics,vitreous and macular structural abnormalities,resistance to anti-VEGF drug,and the role of pericytes and others.The common counter measures include increasing the dosage,shortening the injection interval and replacing with another alternative drug,inhibition of pericytes,relieving vitreomacular anatomical abnormalities.It is still worthy of further exploration that how to assess individual reasons for non-response,so that we can give proper treatment to reduce the excessive use of anti-VEGF drugs and improve the clinical management of ocular neovascularization diseases.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of low vision and blindness in the elder people.Various animal models based on the technology of the genetics are established recently in researches on this disease to investigate its pathogenesis or mechanisms.This article reviews different experimental genetic murine models of AMD used in recent studies.

Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Ventricular Remodeling

AIM: To establish the quality control for Lidanzhitong Tablet (Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Fructus Aurantii,Rhizoma Corydalis,etc.). METHODS:Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Fructus Aurantii and Rhizoma Corydalis were identified by TLC, and the content of paeoniflorin in Radix Paeoniae Rubra was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: Paeoniflorin showed a good linear relationship at a range of 0.597-4.997 ?g, r=0.999 9. The average recovery was 99.06%, and RSD was 3.4%. CONCLUSION: The method is accurate and reliable, and can be used to control the quality of this preparation effectively。

Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease type with high morbidity and mortality,of which ischemic stroke accounts for about 80％.Now,it is believed that the inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in the progress of pathological physiology of ischemic stroke.Peripheral T lymphocytes infiltrate to the damaged area within 24 hours after cerebral ischemia and are involved in the advance of inflammatory process of brain tissue.As a subtype of T lymphocytes,regulatory T cells are mainly located in the ischemic penumbra; however,at present,its role in ischemic brain injury remains controversial.The research on the mechanisms of regulatory T cells in ischemic stroke may contribute to further understanding of the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and find new therapeutic targets.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are rare tumors of alimentary tract and originated from the interstitial Cajal cells,with acquired mutation of KIT(CD117).Surgery is the main therapy for resectable tumors,while imatinib,a small-molecule inhibitor of receptor of tyrosine kinase,plays an important role in treating metastatic and recurrent tumors.

Systematic pharmacological evaluation of material basis for the efficacy of Chinese herbal formula is one of the key issues in Chinese materia medica(CMM),which is in urgent need of solution.However,its scientific connotation is still controversial in academic circles.The material basis for the efficacy of Chinese herbal formula is the total non-endogenous bioactive compound(derived either directly or indirectly from this formula) exerting the therapeutic effects,which is generated by the interaction of the formula with human body and reaches certain concentration in the target organs or tissues.Systematic evaluation of material basis for the efficacy of Chinese herbal formula is the cornerstone of modernization and internationalization of CMM,while the quality control of CMM is its prerequisite.