On the basis of systematic analysis for the current status of scientific research project mid-term management, we described several disadventages in the meddle management and gave some sugges-tions which included thinking highly of the role of supporting institutions, promoting the service conscious-ness, improving the project management ability of the manager and exploring new management methods of scientific research. Following these suggestions it would be make the meddle management much better and improving the research qualities.

Objective To observe the effects of T-lymphocyte function subsets,IL-4 and IFN-γ cell factor in different dose and stage after irradiation.Methoda The C57BL/6j mice were divided into shammed irradiation group and model groups.The radiation hurt model was induced by 60Co gamma rays(0.7,1.4,2.8 and 5.6 Gy).The changes of T-lymphocyte subsets CD3,CD4,CD8,IL-4 and IFN-γ in spleen cells were analyzed by flow cytometry in acute injury stage and recovery stage after irradiation.Results The lymphocyte subsets CD3 +,CD4+ and CD8 + decreased after irradiation,which were related to the irradiation dose.At 1 day after irradiation,the decreasing level of IFN-γ was higher than that of IL-4.When irradiation dose was over 2.8 Gy,IL-4 / IFN-γ showed a markedly increased compared with control group.At 25 days after irradiation,CD3 +,CD4+,CD8 +,CD4 +/CD8 +,IL-4 and IFN-γ recovered obviously,but they did not recover to the normal level of shammed irradiation group.Conclusions The depression of mouse immune function induced by γ-irradiation might be caused by changes of CD3,CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 ratio,especially the imbalance of IL4 and IFN-γ.

Objective To compare the changes in nitric oxide (NO), total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) and maleic dialdehyde(MDA) in rats after single and accumulative 60Co γ-irradiation . Methods 48 rats were randomly divided into two groups of single and accumulative irradiation. Each group was irradiated by 60Co gamma-rays. The total irradiation doses were 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 and 6.4 Gy, respectively in each group. The NO, total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidaze, SOD, GSH-PX, CAT and MDA in serum were measured at day 1 after last irradiation. Results Compared with the single irradiation group, the NO (52.6-117.9 μmol/ml), total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidaze (3.3-26.2 U/ml), the antioxidase activity of the SOD (26.3-167.5 U/ml), GSH-PX (740.8-2462.4 U/ml), CAT (3.3-29.4 U/ml) and the content of MDA(29.3-155.1 nmol/ml) of mt serum in accumulative irradiation group were increased after irradiation, which was related with the accumulative irradiation dose. For instance, total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidase (26.2 U/ml), antioxidase activity of the SOD (167.5 U/ml) and CAT (29.4 U/ml) in 0.4 Gy group of accumulative irradiation were significandy increased when compared with those of control group. However, the content of MDA in accumulative irradiation group was obviously higher than that in single radiation group when the irradiation doses delivered over 3.2 Gy, which might be correlated with higher antioxidase activity. Conclusions Low dose of accumulative gamma-rays irradiation can induce the stimulative effect of antioxidase activity. However, higher dose of accumulative gamma-rays irradiation can damage the activity of antioxidase.

Objective To study the bystander effects and associated mechanisms through irradiated conditioned medium(1CM). Methods Natural kilhr(NK) cells were obtained from peripheral blood samples. ICM irradiated with different doses of 60Coγ-rays was used for culturing K562 cell strain. The degree of injury of K562cells by activated NK cells was observed, as well as the apoptosis frequency of K562 cell was investigated. Results Severe injury was induced in K562 cells cultured in ICM than the control (sham-irradiated) as shown by increased sensitivity to NK cells (P < 0.05). The apoptosis frequency of K562 cell was increased significantly compared with the control cells (P < 0.05). Conclusions The bystander effect induced by irradiation is existent. ICM can trigger the bystander effect on K562 cell strains.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection(DP-CAR).Methods:A total of 89 consecutive patients (50 males and 39 females) who were diagnosed with pancreatic body cancer and underwent DP-CAR in Pancreas Center,First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between September 2013 and June 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 50 males and 39 females,with age( M(IQR)) of 63(12) years(range:43 to 81 years). Perioperative parameters,pathology results and follow-up data of these patients were analyzed, χ2 or Fisher′s test for categorical data while the Wilcoxon test for quantitative data. Survival results were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier survival method. Results:Among 89 cases,cases combined with portal vein-superior mesenteric vein or organ resection accounted for 22.5% (20/89) and 42.7% (38/89),respectively. The operative time,blood loss and postoperative hospital stay were 270 (110) minutes,300 (300) ml and 13 (10) days,respectively. The overall morbidity rate was 67.4% (60/89) while the major morbidity was 11.2% (10/89). The increase rate in transient liver enzymes was 42.7% (38/89),3.4% (3/89) for liver failure,53.9% (48/89) for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula,1.1% (1/89) for bile leak,3.4% (3/89) for chylous leak of grade B and C,11.2% (10/89) for abdominal infection,9.0% (8/89) for postoperative hemorrhage of grade B and C,4.5% (4/89) for delayed gastric emptying,6.7% (6/89) for deep vein thrombosis,3.4% (3/89) for reoperation,4.5% (4/89)for hospital mortality,7.9% (7/89) for 90-day mortality. The pathological type was pancreatic cancer for all 89 cases and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma made up 92.1% (82/89). The tumor size was 4.8(2.0) cm, ranging from 1.5 to 12.0 cm. The number of lymph nodes harvested was 14 (13)(range:2 to 33),with a positive lymph node rate of 13.0% (24.0%). The resection R0 rate was 30.0% (24/80) and the R1 (<1 mm) rate was 58.8% (47/80). The median overall survival time was 21.3 months (95% CI: 15.6 to 24.3) and the median disease-free survival time was 19.1 months (95% CI: 11.7 to 25.1). The overall survival at 1-year and 2-year were 69.60% and 39.52%. The median survival time of 58 patients with adjuvant chemotherapy was 24.3 months (95% CI: 17.8 to 32.3) while that of 13 patients without any kind of adjuvant therapy was 8.4 months (95% CI: 7.3 to 22.3). Seven patients accepted neoadjuvant chemotherapy and there was no significant morbidity among them,with a resection rate of R0 of 5/7. Conclusion:DP-CAR is safe and feasible for selective cases,which could be more valuable in improving long-term survival when combined with (neo) adjuvant therapy.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection(DP-CAR).Methods:A total of 89 consecutive patients (50 males and 39 females) who were diagnosed with pancreatic body cancer and underwent DP-CAR in Pancreas Center,First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between September 2013 and June 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 50 males and 39 females,with age( M(IQR)) of 63(12) years(range:43 to 81 years). Perioperative parameters,pathology results and follow-up data of these patients were analyzed, χ2 or Fisher′s test for categorical data while the Wilcoxon test for quantitative data. Survival results were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier survival method. Results:Among 89 cases,cases combined with portal vein-superior mesenteric vein or organ resection accounted for 22.5% (20/89) and 42.7% (38/89),respectively. The operative time,blood loss and postoperative hospital stay were 270 (110) minutes,300 (300) ml and 13 (10) days,respectively. The overall morbidity rate was 67.4% (60/89) while the major morbidity was 11.2% (10/89). The increase rate in transient liver enzymes was 42.7% (38/89),3.4% (3/89) for liver failure,53.9% (48/89) for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula,1.1% (1/89) for bile leak,3.4% (3/89) for chylous leak of grade B and C,11.2% (10/89) for abdominal infection,9.0% (8/89) for postoperative hemorrhage of grade B and C,4.5% (4/89) for delayed gastric emptying,6.7% (6/89) for deep vein thrombosis,3.4% (3/89) for reoperation,4.5% (4/89)for hospital mortality,7.9% (7/89) for 90-day mortality. The pathological type was pancreatic cancer for all 89 cases and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma made up 92.1% (82/89). The tumor size was 4.8(2.0) cm, ranging from 1.5 to 12.0 cm. The number of lymph nodes harvested was 14 (13)(range:2 to 33),with a positive lymph node rate of 13.0% (24.0%). The resection R0 rate was 30.0% (24/80) and the R1 (<1 mm) rate was 58.8% (47/80). The median overall survival time was 21.3 months (95% CI: 15.6 to 24.3) and the median disease-free survival time was 19.1 months (95% CI: 11.7 to 25.1). The overall survival at 1-year and 2-year were 69.60% and 39.52%. The median survival time of 58 patients with adjuvant chemotherapy was 24.3 months (95% CI: 17.8 to 32.3) while that of 13 patients without any kind of adjuvant therapy was 8.4 months (95% CI: 7.3 to 22.3). Seven patients accepted neoadjuvant chemotherapy and there was no significant morbidity among them,with a resection rate of R0 of 5/7. Conclusion:DP-CAR is safe and feasible for selective cases,which could be more valuable in improving long-term survival when combined with (neo) adjuvant therapy.

In the current international situation, there is the possibility of nuclear war and nuclear terrorism. The nuclear and radiological emergency in the event of an accident should be enhanced. The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a publication on January 27, 2023, updating the list of drugs recommended for stockpiling in response to radiation and nuclear emergencies, which was the first update since 2007. The list of recommended drug stocks in the publication includes drugs to prevent or reduce the effects of radiation, as well as drugs used to treat injuries after exposure. Based on the list of drugs, this article reviews the emergency response to nuclear and radiological accidents, the general situation of emergency drug stockpiles, drug reserves in some countries, and current considerations, with a view to providing references for emergency medical rescue in nuclear and radiological accidents in China.